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Today’s Doodle, illustrated by Baltimore-based guest artist Ashanti Fortson, celebrates the 122nd birthday of １Jewish, German-born British ２neurologist Professor Sir Ludwig “Poppa” Guttmann, founder of the Paralympic movement.

Guttmann was born in Tost, Germany (now Toszek, Poland) on this day in 1899 and went on to receive his 3M.D. in 1924. He subsequently began research on ４spinal cord injuries and performed several neurosurgical procedures, rising to prominence as one of Germany’s top neurosurgeons by his early thirties. However, with the rise of the Nazi party and the passing of the ５Nuremberg Laws in 1933, Guttmann was prevented from practising medicine professionally. Following ６Kristallnacht in 1938 and the increasing persecution of Jews in Germany, Guttmann was forced to leave Germany with his family and was able to escape to England in 1939.

１　ユダヤ人
２　神経学者
３　Doctor of Medicine　医学士
４　脊髄
５　ニュルンベルク法(ドイツ人の血と名誉を守るための法律と帝国市民法)・・ユダヤ人から公民権奪う
６　水晶の夜・・・反ユダヤ主義暴動

In England, Guttmann advanced his research in ７paraplegia. In 1944, he put his innovative approach into practice as the director of the National Spinal Injuries Center at Stoke Mandeville Hospital. In 1948, he organized a 16-person archery contest, one of the first official competitive sporting events for wheelchair users. Later called the “Stoke Mandeville Games” or the “Olympics for the Disabled,” the competition demonstrated the power of elite sport to break down barriers for disability and garnered the attention of global medical and sporting communities.

７　対まひ、パラプレジア

In 1960, Guttmann facilitated the International Stoke Mandeville Games, following the 1960 Summer Olympics, the first of many Paralympic Games. His passion for patient care never faltered−he also founded the International Medical Society of Paraplegia (the International Spinal Cord Society) and the British Sports Association for the Disabled (Activity Alliance) in 1961. He received numerous accolades for his contributions, the highest among which was being knighted by Her Majesty the Queen in 1966.

Today, Paralympic athletes are rightfully recognized for their skills and achievements. The Paralympic Games continue to be a driving force for promoting the rights and independence of people with disabilities, with a lasting impact on equal treatment and opportunity.

Happy birthday, Prof. Sir Ludwig Guttmann!

ルートヴィヒ・グットマンの生誕122周年。
パラリンピックの父と呼ばれる人。
彼自身はスポーツ選手でもなんでもなく、書いてあるとおり神経学者です。
パラリンピックは彼が1948年に障害者のためのアーチェリーの試合を実施させたのが前身。
現在では1960年のローマでのStoke Mandeville Gamesが第1回パラリンピックとして扱われてます。