2024年05月08日
英語 長文読解に挑戦しよう【第3回】
では、昨日の続きから始めたいと思います。
↓ 以下の長文は分かりやすくするため、つながっている部分は1文ごとに改行、段落は2個分改行を行います。
問
Native American and Canadian Indian tribes have passed down stories going back thousands of years about giant ape-men, or Bigfoot, living in the forest of the western United States and Canada.
They called these creature Sasquatch, Yerin, or Mountain Devils.
Regardless of the name, the descriptions of these animals are usually the same.
The Bigfoot is usually described as being very tall, well over two meters.
It is covered in thick, dark hair and usually gives off a bad odor.
The Bigfoot's body is usually very muscular and ape-like, yet it walks upright and has a face more similar to that of humans than of apes.
For the most part, these creatures appear not to be violent or aggressive.
Big foot sightings are usually of lone, or single, creatures, but there have been reports of people seeing groups, or families, of Bigfoot.
People in other countries also tell stories of similar ape-men.
In the Himalayas, a mountain range in Nepal, people call these creatures Yeti, or Abominable Snowmen.
The Africans call them Ngoloko, and the Chinese tell stories of Gin-sung, or Bearman.
Though sightings have been reported for centuries, is there any scientific evidence for the existence of these creatures?
Some say yes, and others say no.
Dr. Grover Krantz, a physical anthropologist at the University of Oregon, believes that Bigfoot may be a type of creature known as a Gigantopithecus.
A Gigantopithecus is an animal that lived in Asia over 300,000 years ago and looked like a mix between an ape and a very large man.
Dr. Krantz believes that these animals, which lived long before humans, may have migrated from Asia and decided to settle in the heavily wooded area of the Pacific Northwest, where food was plentiful.
Is it possible that creatures like these could have survived for so many years unknown to humans?
Cryptozoologists compare the case of Bigfoot to that of the coelacanth.
The coelacanth is a type of fish that was believed to have gone extinct over 70 million years ago, but this fish has been discovered to be still living off the coast of South Africa.
Cryptozoologists believe that the animals that we now call Bigfoot have been able to survive by living in an area that people, until recently, have seldom gone.
There are, however, some questions that science has been unable to answer.
For example, why have no dead Bigfoot bodies ever been discovered?
And where is the physical proof of their existence?
Bigfoot researchers point out that it is unusual to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest.
Most of the time, they say, other animals eat the remains soon after death; this may be the case for Bigfoot, too.
Many skeptics, people who do not believe in Bigfoot, say that the videos and photographs of Bigfoot are really pictures of people wearing ape costumes.
They also believe that the Bigfoot footprints are really the footprints of bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists.
It is possible that we may never know the truth about these animals.
If they have avoided being seen for the last several thousand years, then maybe they will stay hidden for another several thousand.
Or it may be that as we humans go deeper and deeper into the forest of Northwest America and Canada, we may finally come face to face with the elusive Bigfoot.
今回はこの文章を解説、数回に分けて解説し、以降に設問を解いていこうと思います。
第4段落
〇Is(=V) it possible(=C) [≪that≫ creatures(=S)[ like these](=creaturesの修飾) could have survived(=V) [for so many years unknown to humans](=survivedの説明)]]?
まず、「it」は「that」を指していて、倒置文となっています。
なので訳としては、「thatの内容は可能か?」となります。
で、that節ですが、「these」みたいに「creatures」は「人間に知られることなく、多くの年を生きつづける」、みたいな感じになります。
この「like」は動詞の「like」ではなく、「似ている」という意味で使われる「前置詞」です。
〇Cryptozoologists(=S) compare(=V) the case(=O) [of Bigfoot] ≪to≫ that(=the case) [of the coelacanth]
まず、compare A to Bですね。AとBを比較する、といった意味ですね。
なので、「Cryptozoologists」は「Bigfoot」の「case」と「coelacanth」の「case」を比較する、となります。
〇The coelacanth(=S) is(=V) a type(=C) [of fish] [≪that≫ was believed(=V) [to have gone] extinct over 70 million years ago](=fishの説明), ≪but≫ this fish(=S) has been discovered(=V) [to be still living off the coast of South Africa]
※「live off」:〜で生きていく、「extinct」:絶滅した
この文章は、
「coelacanth」は魚の1種です、が、この魚は「the coast of South Africa」で生きているのを発見された
といった感じですね。
that節で「fish」の内容を説明していますが、内容が分からなくても問題ない部分ですねw
〇Cryptozoologists(=S) believe(=V) [≪that≫ the animals(=S) [≪that≫ we(=S) now call(=V) Bigfoot(=O)](=animalsの説明) have been able to survive [by living in an area [that people, ≪until recently≫, have seldom gone](=areaの説明)](=surviveの説明)](=O)
なんやらややこしい文章ですが、主文だけ見ると、
「Cryptozoologists」は「that節」を信じている、となります。
that節も
[私たちが「Bigfoot」と呼んでいる]動物は、[人々が行くことが少ない][地域で生活して]生きることが可能だった
みたいな感じですね。
第5段落
〇There are(=V), ≪however≫, some questions(=S) [≪that≫ science has been unable to answer](=questionの説明)
この文章は文法的には上記のような形ですね。
「science」は答えられない問題がある、といった感じですね。
〇≪For example≫, why have no dead Bigfoot bodies ever been discovered?
疑問形なので文章を一度ちゃんとした位置に戻してみると、
no dead Bigfoot bodies have ever been discovered ⇒ 何となく死体が見つかってないのはなぜ?的な意味ですね
〇And where is(=V) the physical proof of their existence(=S)?
彼らが存在した「physical proof」はどこにあるか?といった具合ですね。
〇Bigfoot researchers(=S) point(=V) out [≪that≫ it is(=V) unusual(=C)[ to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest](=unusualの内容)](=point put の内容)
※「point out」:指摘する
「Bigfoot researchers」は「that節」を指摘する といった感じですね。
で、「that節」の「it」は、今まで散々出てきた倒置法で、「to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest」を指します。
〇≪Most of the time≫, they(=Bigfoot researchers=S) say(=V), [other animals(=S) eat(=V) the remains(=O) [soon after death](=remainの状態説明)](=sayの内容); this may be the case for Bigfoot, too
※「remain」(名詞):残骸
この文章はあまり説明する部分がありませんね…主文は「彼らは言った」ですからね…w
〇Many skeptics, [people who do not believe in Bigfoot](=skepticsの内容), say(=V) [≪that≫ the videos and photographs of Bigfoot(=S) are(=V) really pictures of people(=C) [wearing ape costumes](peopleを修飾)](=sayの内容(目的語)=O)
主文だけを見ると、多くの「skeptics」は「that節」を言う、となります
「skeptics」は、「Bigfoot」を信じない人たち、という説明もされていますね。
「that節」もそこまで難しいことはなく、「Bigfoot」のビデオや写真は[猿の格好をした]人の写真だ、といった感じですね。
〇They(=「skeptics」=S) ≪also≫ believe(=V) [≪that≫ the Bigfoot footprints(=S) are(=V) really the footprints(=C) [of bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists](=footprintの説明)](=believeの内容=O)
この文章も前の文章の流れを汲んでいて、「skeptics」がどう思っているのかが書いてあります。
「that節」を見てみると、「the Bigfoot footprints」=「the footprintsof bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists」となっていて、「Bigfoot」の物じゃないと思っているという感じです。
あと最後1段落を残すまでになりました。次回も続きから、+αで問題も解けたらと思います。
↓ おすすめの参考書は載せておきますが、まずは自分のレベルに合った参考書を選びましょう。参考書の選び方はまた別の機会(サブブログ)でやろうと思います
↓ 以下の長文は分かりやすくするため、つながっている部分は1文ごとに改行、段落は2個分改行を行います。
問
Native American and Canadian Indian tribes have passed down stories going back thousands of years about giant ape-men, or Bigfoot, living in the forest of the western United States and Canada.
They called these creature Sasquatch, Yerin, or Mountain Devils.
Regardless of the name, the descriptions of these animals are usually the same.
The Bigfoot is usually described as being very tall, well over two meters.
It is covered in thick, dark hair and usually gives off a bad odor.
The Bigfoot's body is usually very muscular and ape-like, yet it walks upright and has a face more similar to that of humans than of apes.
For the most part, these creatures appear not to be violent or aggressive.
Big foot sightings are usually of lone, or single, creatures, but there have been reports of people seeing groups, or families, of Bigfoot.
People in other countries also tell stories of similar ape-men.
In the Himalayas, a mountain range in Nepal, people call these creatures Yeti, or Abominable Snowmen.
The Africans call them Ngoloko, and the Chinese tell stories of Gin-sung, or Bearman.
Though sightings have been reported for centuries, is there any scientific evidence for the existence of these creatures?
Some say yes, and others say no.
Dr. Grover Krantz, a physical anthropologist at the University of Oregon, believes that Bigfoot may be a type of creature known as a Gigantopithecus.
A Gigantopithecus is an animal that lived in Asia over 300,000 years ago and looked like a mix between an ape and a very large man.
Dr. Krantz believes that these animals, which lived long before humans, may have migrated from Asia and decided to settle in the heavily wooded area of the Pacific Northwest, where food was plentiful.
Is it possible that creatures like these could have survived for so many years unknown to humans?
Cryptozoologists compare the case of Bigfoot to that of the coelacanth.
The coelacanth is a type of fish that was believed to have gone extinct over 70 million years ago, but this fish has been discovered to be still living off the coast of South Africa.
Cryptozoologists believe that the animals that we now call Bigfoot have been able to survive by living in an area that people, until recently, have seldom gone.
There are, however, some questions that science has been unable to answer.
For example, why have no dead Bigfoot bodies ever been discovered?
And where is the physical proof of their existence?
Bigfoot researchers point out that it is unusual to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest.
Most of the time, they say, other animals eat the remains soon after death; this may be the case for Bigfoot, too.
Many skeptics, people who do not believe in Bigfoot, say that the videos and photographs of Bigfoot are really pictures of people wearing ape costumes.
They also believe that the Bigfoot footprints are really the footprints of bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists.
It is possible that we may never know the truth about these animals.
If they have avoided being seen for the last several thousand years, then maybe they will stay hidden for another several thousand.
Or it may be that as we humans go deeper and deeper into the forest of Northwest America and Canada, we may finally come face to face with the elusive Bigfoot.
今回はこの文章を解説、数回に分けて解説し、以降に設問を解いていこうと思います。
第4段落
〇Is(=V) it possible(=C) [≪that≫ creatures(=S)[ like these](=creaturesの修飾) could have survived(=V) [for so many years unknown to humans](=survivedの説明)]]?
まず、「it」は「that」を指していて、倒置文となっています。
なので訳としては、「thatの内容は可能か?」となります。
で、that節ですが、「these」みたいに「creatures」は「人間に知られることなく、多くの年を生きつづける」、みたいな感じになります。
この「like」は動詞の「like」ではなく、「似ている」という意味で使われる「前置詞」です。
〇Cryptozoologists(=S) compare(=V) the case(=O) [of Bigfoot] ≪to≫ that(=the case) [of the coelacanth]
まず、compare A to Bですね。AとBを比較する、といった意味ですね。
なので、「Cryptozoologists」は「Bigfoot」の「case」と「coelacanth」の「case」を比較する、となります。
〇The coelacanth(=S) is(=V) a type(=C) [of fish] [≪that≫ was believed(=V) [to have gone] extinct over 70 million years ago](=fishの説明), ≪but≫ this fish(=S) has been discovered(=V) [to be still living off the coast of South Africa]
※「live off」:〜で生きていく、「extinct」:絶滅した
この文章は、
「coelacanth」は魚の1種です、が、この魚は「the coast of South Africa」で生きているのを発見された
といった感じですね。
that節で「fish」の内容を説明していますが、内容が分からなくても問題ない部分ですねw
〇Cryptozoologists(=S) believe(=V) [≪that≫ the animals(=S) [≪that≫ we(=S) now call(=V) Bigfoot(=O)](=animalsの説明) have been able to survive [by living in an area [that people, ≪until recently≫, have seldom gone](=areaの説明)](=surviveの説明)](=O)
なんやらややこしい文章ですが、主文だけ見ると、
「Cryptozoologists」は「that節」を信じている、となります。
that節も
[私たちが「Bigfoot」と呼んでいる]動物は、[人々が行くことが少ない][地域で生活して]生きることが可能だった
みたいな感じですね。
第5段落
〇There are(=V), ≪however≫, some questions(=S) [≪that≫ science has been unable to answer](=questionの説明)
この文章は文法的には上記のような形ですね。
「science」は答えられない問題がある、といった感じですね。
〇≪For example≫, why have no dead Bigfoot bodies ever been discovered?
疑問形なので文章を一度ちゃんとした位置に戻してみると、
no dead Bigfoot bodies have ever been discovered ⇒ 何となく死体が見つかってないのはなぜ?的な意味ですね
〇And where is(=V) the physical proof of their existence(=S)?
彼らが存在した「physical proof」はどこにあるか?といった具合ですね。
〇Bigfoot researchers(=S) point(=V) out [≪that≫ it is(=V) unusual(=C)[ to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest](=unusualの内容)](=point put の内容)
※「point out」:指摘する
「Bigfoot researchers」は「that節」を指摘する といった感じですね。
で、「that節」の「it」は、今まで散々出てきた倒置法で、「to find the dead remains of any animal in the forest」を指します。
〇≪Most of the time≫, they(=Bigfoot researchers=S) say(=V), [other animals(=S) eat(=V) the remains(=O) [soon after death](=remainの状態説明)](=sayの内容); this may be the case for Bigfoot, too
※「remain」(名詞):残骸
この文章はあまり説明する部分がありませんね…主文は「彼らは言った」ですからね…w
〇Many skeptics, [people who do not believe in Bigfoot](=skepticsの内容), say(=V) [≪that≫ the videos and photographs of Bigfoot(=S) are(=V) really pictures of people(=C) [wearing ape costumes](peopleを修飾)](=sayの内容(目的語)=O)
主文だけを見ると、多くの「skeptics」は「that節」を言う、となります
「skeptics」は、「Bigfoot」を信じない人たち、という説明もされていますね。
「that節」もそこまで難しいことはなく、「Bigfoot」のビデオや写真は[猿の格好をした]人の写真だ、といった感じですね。
〇They(=「skeptics」=S) ≪also≫ believe(=V) [≪that≫ the Bigfoot footprints(=S) are(=V) really the footprints(=C) [of bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists](=footprintの説明)](=believeの内容=O)
この文章も前の文章の流れを汲んでいて、「skeptics」がどう思っているのかが書いてあります。
「that節」を見てみると、「the Bigfoot footprints」=「the footprintsof bears, or footprints made by tricksters trying to fool scientists」となっていて、「Bigfoot」の物じゃないと思っているという感じです。
あと最後1段落を残すまでになりました。次回も続きから、+αで問題も解けたらと思います。
↓ おすすめの参考書は載せておきますが、まずは自分のレベルに合った参考書を選びましょう。参考書の選び方はまた別の機会(サブブログ)でやろうと思います
2023年受験用 全国大学入試問題正解 英語(私立大編) [ 旺文社 ] 価格:7260円 |
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