English Coach

undermine 〜を徐々に衰えさせる、〜をだめにする、実らせない

erode the base of foundation of ~
lesson the effectiveness, power, or ability of, especially gradually or insidiously


Alcohl undermines the function of liver.

viability　実行可能性、生育能力

viable (adjective) 実行可能性、生育能力
capable of working successfully, feasible,


We need to consider viability when we plan.

たまに　sometimes, occasionally

100% : always
90-80% : usually/generally/normally
70-60% : often/ frequently
50% : sometimes
50-30% : occasionally

munch むしゃむしゃ（バリバリ）食う

eat (something) steadily and often audibly

Sound of munching is sometimes comfortable or uncomfortable. What is the difference between comfortable and uncomfortable.

reciprocity 相互利益、相互利益の状態

The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit, especially priviledges granted by one country or organization to another.

In society, the spirt of reciprocity is important.

fragment （名詞）破片、かけら　（他動詞）　をばらばらにする

(noun) a small part broken off or separated from something

(verb) break or cause to break into fragments

Koria has been gragmented sinse around 1953.

invaluable 評価できないほど貴重な　

extremelu useful, indispensable


価値がない：valueless


Industrial revoluation is invaluable for human history.

downplay を控えめに扱う

(verb) make (something) appear less important than it really is.

Japanese usually downplay the strong point.

prominent (adjective) 目立った、人目につきやすい

important, famous, projecting from something, situated so as to catch the attention, noticeable


He is prominet because he is tall.

reflux 逆流

The flowing back of a liquid, especially that of a fluid in the body.

Intake of a lot of alchol induces reflux of digested substance.