シナジーのメタファー２

　Passersby and children will cannibalize, while they also fear being eaten. They are suspicious of each other. This symptom represents disturbance of ego (Table 6). Self-other consciousness loses shape and becomes fuzzy, and therefore one feels that their secrets and ideas are known to everyone.

Disturbance of ego
[Brain activity 4]
Process of cognitive ability �@Perception and attention
Abstraction of elements
[Perception] While they will cannibalize, they are scared of being eaten.
[Attention] suspicious eyes
Process of cognitive ability �ALearning and memory
Abstraction of elements
[External input] Passerby and children will cannibalize.
[Schema] Cannibals.
[Existing knowledge] They are scared of being eaten.
[Learning] They are suspicious of each other.
Process of cognitive ability �BPlanning and reasoning
Abstraction of elements
[Planning] Madman will reform cannibals.
[Problem analysis] This is a gate and only a checking station. They participate in the gang and encourage and check each other, and therefore they would never cross the gate.
[Problem resolution] If they could change, they would be happy. Madman supposes that they should say, “do not cannibalize.”
[Reasoning] They properly set up and put madness upon Madman. This is their usual practice.

　A schizophrenic patient experiences constant stress and therefore exhibits disorganized symptoms lacking unity of behavior (Table 7). For example, when the Madman returned to his room, it was in complete darkness. However, after some time, the ceiling beams swung widely overhead under physical strain, and he feared they might attempt to kill him, but the weight turned out to be false and he struggled to sneak out.

Disturbance of thinking
[Brain activity 5]
Process of cognitive ability �@Perception and attention
Abstraction of elements
[Perception]The room was entirely dark and beams swung overhead under the physical strain.
[Attention] Pressure.
Process of cognitive ability �ALearning and memory
Abstraction of elements
[External input] Too heavy to move.
[Schema] Killing.
[Existing knowledge] Suicide.
[Learning] Madman struggled to sneak out. He was sweaty all over.
Process of cognitive ability �BPlanning and reasoning
Abstraction of elements
[Planning] Madman will reform cannibals.
[Problem analysis] Someone no longer cannibalized and became a civilized human being. Someone cannibalized continuously. They would like to cannibalize me.
[Problem resolution] If they could change, they would be happy. Madman supposes that they should say, “do not cannibalize.”
[Reasoning] Reform from the heart. Cannibals cannot get around in this world.

　The brothers considered their young sister pretty, and therefore the input-output of the two men should be similar at first. However, when the Madman awakened the second time, the output was different because his old brother said that they could only expect their young sister to be cannibalized.
　Certainly, the Madman’s madness turns freedom of thought and logic into disorganized symptoms that produce wakefulness (Table 8). But he has no common sense as a healthy person, and therefore rarely engages in dialogue. The Madman’s thought process was sinking into the primordial fear lurking behind Chinese society at the time.
　Regarding cannibals, there are the people who, as children, never cannibalize. Therefore, alarm bells are set ringing for the people of future generations.

Disturbance of thinking
[Brain activity 6]
Process of cognitive ability �@Perception and attention
Abstraction of elements
[Perception] The cry of mother.
[Attention] Comparison.
Process of cognitive ability �ALearning and memory
Abstraction of elements
[External input] His five-year-old little sister was cannibalized by his old brother.
[Schema] When his parents are sick, he repays them by giving his flesh.
[Existing knowledge] Repayment is virtue.
[Learning] Madman felt a pang of sadness hearing his mother’s cry on that day.
Process of cognitive ability �BPlanning and reasoning
Abstraction of elements
[Planning] Madman will reform cannibals.
[Problem analysis] There are records of cannibalism for four thousand years. Madman knows. He rarely meets a civilized human being.
[Problem resolution] Save children.
[Reasoning] There may be some children who never cannibalize.

　The story of the Madman is summarized as follows. If people give him a mysterious glare and they would cannibalize him, they could be cannibals. But if they could cross a line, they could become civilized human beings. While they are cannibals, however, they teach their children cannibalism, and therefore future generations will become and raise cannibals.

4 Conclusion

　I analyzed Luxun’s “A Madman’s Diary” using the method of cognitive linguistics to seek a synergic metaphor similar to “Thomas Mann and Fuzzy logic.” I obtained the synergic metaphor of “Luxun and Chaos” by using the language and memory method to derive the chaotic features of non-linearity and indeterminism from the behavior of cannibals and the Madman.

花村嘉英著（2015）「从认知语言学的角度浅析鲁迅作品−魯迅をシナジーで読む」より translated by Yoshihisa Hanamura