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2013年06月19日
知財ビジョン 国際競争に勝つための体制に
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 18, 2013
Safeguarding intellectual property rights key to competing globally
知財ビジョン 国際競争に勝つための体制に（6月17日付・読売社説）
Intellectual property rights such as patents and trademarks relevant to cutting-edge technologies are undoubtedly the source of the international competitiveness of the nation’s industries.
最先端技術の特許や商標などの知的財産権は、日本の産業競争力の源泉だ。
The need has been increasing for further strengthening joint private-public arrangements to effectively utilize the nation’s intellectual properties.
知財を有効活用する官民の体制を一層強化する必要がある。
The government has drawn up a “vision of intellectual property policy” with a view to laying out Japan’s approach toward handling intellectual property rights for the next 10 years, while deciding on a set of “basic principles” on the matter.
政府は、今後１０年間を見据えた「知的財産政策ビジョン」と、その「基本方針」を決めた。
It’s been 11 years since the country laid down an outline of intellectual property strategy.
２００２年に日本が知的財産戦略大綱を策定してから、１１年が過ぎた。
In recent years, manufacturing businesses in such countries as South Korea and China have grown stronger, intensifying global competition among companies, including those in the United States and Europe, which place high importance on the protection of intellectual property rights.
最近では、韓国や中国などの製造業が台頭し、知財を重視する欧米企業を含めて、グローバル競争が激化している。
In-house inventions a focus
It is reasonable that the government, having a heightened sense of crisis over the circumstances, has embarked on overhauling the nation’s intellectual property policy in a way well-suited to the times. The envisioned policy shift can be expected to provide impetus to the growth strategy being undertaken by the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
政府が危機感を高め、時代の変化に合わせて知財政策を練り直したのは適切だ。成長戦略に弾みをつける効果も期待できよう。
Worthy of note in the envisioned policy is a new idea concerning “in-house inventions,” or inventions created by employees while performing research and development activities for their firms.
今回、注目されるのは、企業の研究者らが仕事上で発明した「職務発明」の特許権に関する新たな方針である。
In the basic principles, the government has proposed two options for discussion: reviewing the current patent system, which stipulates patent ownership belongs to employees, so as to have the ownership belong to companies; or requiring patent ownership to be covered in a contract between the employee and the employer.
従業員に権利が帰属すると規定した現在の制度を見直し、会社に帰属させるか、あるいは、帰属先を企業と従業員の間の契約で決めるという２案を示した。
There have been many instances in which employees dissatisfied with the compensation paid by their companies in return for their in-house inventions have sued the companies, causing the firms to be ordered to pay huge sums of settlement money. The government-proposed changes of patent ownership is in response to demands from businesses to rectify the situation.
職務発明の対価に不満を持つ従業員に訴えられ、企業が巨額の和解金を支払う例が多い。是正を求める産業界に配慮したものだ。
If the changes take effect, businesses will find the risks of being subject to patent ownership-related lawsuits mitigated, making it easier for them to craft management strategies by flexibly utilizing patents.
企業にとっては、訴訟リスクが軽減され、特許権を活用した経営戦略を描きやすくなる。
On the other hand, there are concerns the policy shift would affect adversely the willingness of researchers to engage in R&D and end up in a brain drain overseas.
一方で、研究者の開発意欲を殺(そ)ぐことや、人材の海外流出も懸念される。
The government is set to clarify the pros and cons of the two envisaged steps. Further studies and in-depth discussions should be carried out from the standpoint of beefing up Japan’s industrial competitiveness.
政府は今後、２案を絞り込む。産業競争力を強化する観点から、さらに検討してもらいたい。
The proposals are worthy of high marks because they seek the enhancement of support for small and midsize businesses, which are delaying charting out intellectual property strategies on their own. These proposals should make it easier for them to develop human resources relevant to patent matters with the support of experts, such as chartered patent agents.
知財戦略作りが遅れている中小企業向けに、弁理士など専門家による人材育成といった支援策の充実を求めた点も評価できる。
The basic principles have also incorporated steps for sending from Japan patent examiners to emerging economies in such areas as Asia to help them build infrastructure with an eye toward protecting intellectual property rights.
基本方針は、日本から特許審査官をアジアなど新興国に派遣し、知財保護の基盤作りを支援することも盛り込んだ。
While an increasing number of Japanese companies are branching out abroad, intellectual property right protection is insufficient in emerging countries, which is a major impediment to Japanese firms’ efforts to expand there. Having a “Japan model” spread overseas in this respect will greatly benefit Japanese businesses.
日本企業の海外展開が目立つが、新興国では知財保護が不十分で、日本企業の事業拡大の足かせになっている。日本モデルを浸透させるメリットは大きい。
Increase patent examiners
A key issue is how to prevent important technological information from illegally flowing out to emerging countries and others.
課題は、日本の重要な技術情報が新興国などに不正流出することをどう防ぐかだ。
The basic principles have rightly pointed out the need for strengthening the nation’s intellectual property right protection arrangements. Information leakage abroad is a serious problem that could shake the very foundation of Japan’s industries.
基本方針は保護策の強化を指摘した。情報漏えいは日本の産業基盤を揺るがしかねない深刻な問題である。
Steps should be taken to prevent retirees and others from taking technological information out of the country. Such measures as encouraging companies and their employees to conclude an agreement on maintaining confidentiality of corporate secrets should be promptly put into force.
退職者などが日本の技術情報を持ち出さないよう手立てを講じたい。企業が従業員と秘密保持契約を結ぶことを促す指針を策定するなどの対策を急ぐべきだ。
Compared to the United States and European countries, Japan has few government officials in charge of screening patent applications and related matters. It is critical to increase the number of patent examiners to ensure prompt acquisition of patent ownership and its effective use.
欧米に比べて、特許などを審査する特許庁の要員は少ない。特許を速やかに権利化し、活用するには審査官増員も欠かせない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 17, 2013)
（2013年6月17日01時21分 読売新聞）
Safeguarding intellectual property rights key to competing globally
知財ビジョン 国際競争に勝つための体制に（6月17日付・読売社説）
Intellectual property rights such as patents and trademarks relevant to cutting-edge technologies are undoubtedly the source of the international competitiveness of the nation’s industries.
最先端技術の特許や商標などの知的財産権は、日本の産業競争力の源泉だ。
The need has been increasing for further strengthening joint private-public arrangements to effectively utilize the nation’s intellectual properties.
知財を有効活用する官民の体制を一層強化する必要がある。
The government has drawn up a “vision of intellectual property policy” with a view to laying out Japan’s approach toward handling intellectual property rights for the next 10 years, while deciding on a set of “basic principles” on the matter.
政府は、今後１０年間を見据えた「知的財産政策ビジョン」と、その「基本方針」を決めた。
It’s been 11 years since the country laid down an outline of intellectual property strategy.
２００２年に日本が知的財産戦略大綱を策定してから、１１年が過ぎた。
In recent years, manufacturing businesses in such countries as South Korea and China have grown stronger, intensifying global competition among companies, including those in the United States and Europe, which place high importance on the protection of intellectual property rights.
最近では、韓国や中国などの製造業が台頭し、知財を重視する欧米企業を含めて、グローバル競争が激化している。
In-house inventions a focus
It is reasonable that the government, having a heightened sense of crisis over the circumstances, has embarked on overhauling the nation’s intellectual property policy in a way well-suited to the times. The envisioned policy shift can be expected to provide impetus to the growth strategy being undertaken by the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
政府が危機感を高め、時代の変化に合わせて知財政策を練り直したのは適切だ。成長戦略に弾みをつける効果も期待できよう。
Worthy of note in the envisioned policy is a new idea concerning “in-house inventions,” or inventions created by employees while performing research and development activities for their firms.
今回、注目されるのは、企業の研究者らが仕事上で発明した「職務発明」の特許権に関する新たな方針である。
In the basic principles, the government has proposed two options for discussion: reviewing the current patent system, which stipulates patent ownership belongs to employees, so as to have the ownership belong to companies; or requiring patent ownership to be covered in a contract between the employee and the employer.
従業員に権利が帰属すると規定した現在の制度を見直し、会社に帰属させるか、あるいは、帰属先を企業と従業員の間の契約で決めるという２案を示した。
There have been many instances in which employees dissatisfied with the compensation paid by their companies in return for their in-house inventions have sued the companies, causing the firms to be ordered to pay huge sums of settlement money. The government-proposed changes of patent ownership is in response to demands from businesses to rectify the situation.
職務発明の対価に不満を持つ従業員に訴えられ、企業が巨額の和解金を支払う例が多い。是正を求める産業界に配慮したものだ。
If the changes take effect, businesses will find the risks of being subject to patent ownership-related lawsuits mitigated, making it easier for them to craft management strategies by flexibly utilizing patents.
企業にとっては、訴訟リスクが軽減され、特許権を活用した経営戦略を描きやすくなる。
On the other hand, there are concerns the policy shift would affect adversely the willingness of researchers to engage in R&D and end up in a brain drain overseas.
一方で、研究者の開発意欲を殺(そ)ぐことや、人材の海外流出も懸念される。
The government is set to clarify the pros and cons of the two envisaged steps. Further studies and in-depth discussions should be carried out from the standpoint of beefing up Japan’s industrial competitiveness.
政府は今後、２案を絞り込む。産業競争力を強化する観点から、さらに検討してもらいたい。
The proposals are worthy of high marks because they seek the enhancement of support for small and midsize businesses, which are delaying charting out intellectual property strategies on their own. These proposals should make it easier for them to develop human resources relevant to patent matters with the support of experts, such as chartered patent agents.
知財戦略作りが遅れている中小企業向けに、弁理士など専門家による人材育成といった支援策の充実を求めた点も評価できる。
The basic principles have also incorporated steps for sending from Japan patent examiners to emerging economies in such areas as Asia to help them build infrastructure with an eye toward protecting intellectual property rights.
基本方針は、日本から特許審査官をアジアなど新興国に派遣し、知財保護の基盤作りを支援することも盛り込んだ。
While an increasing number of Japanese companies are branching out abroad, intellectual property right protection is insufficient in emerging countries, which is a major impediment to Japanese firms’ efforts to expand there. Having a “Japan model” spread overseas in this respect will greatly benefit Japanese businesses.
日本企業の海外展開が目立つが、新興国では知財保護が不十分で、日本企業の事業拡大の足かせになっている。日本モデルを浸透させるメリットは大きい。
Increase patent examiners
A key issue is how to prevent important technological information from illegally flowing out to emerging countries and others.
課題は、日本の重要な技術情報が新興国などに不正流出することをどう防ぐかだ。
The basic principles have rightly pointed out the need for strengthening the nation’s intellectual property right protection arrangements. Information leakage abroad is a serious problem that could shake the very foundation of Japan’s industries.
基本方針は保護策の強化を指摘した。情報漏えいは日本の産業基盤を揺るがしかねない深刻な問題である。
Steps should be taken to prevent retirees and others from taking technological information out of the country. Such measures as encouraging companies and their employees to conclude an agreement on maintaining confidentiality of corporate secrets should be promptly put into force.
退職者などが日本の技術情報を持ち出さないよう手立てを講じたい。企業が従業員と秘密保持契約を結ぶことを促す指針を策定するなどの対策を急ぐべきだ。
Compared to the United States and European countries, Japan has few government officials in charge of screening patent applications and related matters. It is critical to increase the number of patent examiners to ensure prompt acquisition of patent ownership and its effective use.
欧米に比べて、特許などを審査する特許庁の要員は少ない。特許を速やかに権利化し、活用するには審査官増員も欠かせない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 17, 2013)
（2013年6月17日01時21分 読売新聞）
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フラワーレメディは香りで癒すアロマテラピーとはちがいます
フラワーレメディ は香りで癒すアロマテラピーとはちがいます。
フラワーレメディで使われるフラワーエッセンスは花から太陽法などの特殊な技術でエッセンスを抽出してそれを瓶に詰めます。
アロマテラピーとはちがい、香りはありません。
バッチ博士が開発してから有名になりました。
フラワーレメディサイトで気になった商品はフローラコロナ社が発売するフローラコロナ ですが、実に様々な色合いのものがあります。香りは無いらしいですが、あたかも香水のような雰囲気なんです。
それから、日本人向けに特別に開発されたDTWフラワーエッセンス が良いですね。
これは研究開発者の名前にちなみ名付けられました。
現役のカナダ人医師テリー・ウィラード氏が日本人向けに厳選して造られた究極のフラワーエッセンスなんです。
こちらはストレスフルな生活を余儀なくされる日本人にぴったしだそうです。
レビューブログからの情報です
2013年06月18日
川重社長解任 合併で混乱招いた社内抗争劇
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 17, 2013
Kawasaki Heavy power struggle keeping market on tenterhooks
川重社長解任 合併で混乱招いた社内抗争劇（6月16日付・読売社説）
It is unusual in Japan to see the head of a major company suddenly dismissed. The market is now watching with a sharp eye the confusion caused by a power struggle within a major company.
企業トップが突然、解任される異例の展開である。社内抗争による混乱に市場の目は厳しい。
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. dismissed President Satoshi Hasegawa and two other directors during an ad hoc board meeting on Thursday. The three had been pushing merger talks with Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co. The company also said it decided to scrap the integration talks.
川崎重工業が１３日の臨時取締役会で、三井造船との合併交渉を推進していた長谷川聡社長ら３人の取締役を解任した。交渉の打ち切りも決めた。
Shigeru Murayama, who was promoted to president from senior vice president, said “a strong sense of distrust had developed” regarding their assertive way of pursuing the merger talks because the three had acted as if “the integration was a foregone conclusion.” It was an agonizing decision to dismiss them, he added.
常務から昇格した村山滋新社長は記者会見で、「合併ありきの姿勢に強い不信感を覚えた。苦渋の決断だ」と述べた。
What happened is in effect a palace coup staged jointly by Murayama and others to stop the merger plan with Mitsui Engineering.
合併構想を阻止するために、村山氏らが結束した事実上の社内クーデターと言えよう。
In the shipbuilding and heavy machinery industry, Kawasaki Heavy is the nation's second largest company and Mitsui Engineering is the fifth. News reports revealed their integration talks at the end of April. If realized, the integration would have created a giant company with combined consolidated sales approaching 2 trillion yen.
造船・重機業界２位の川崎重工と５位の三井造船の合併交渉は、４月末の報道で明るみに出た。実現すれば、連結売上高２兆円弱の大型再編になるはずだった。
Japanese shipbuilding companies once dominated the global market. Today, however, Chinese and South Korean rivals have overtaken Japanese companies.
日本の造船業界はかつて世界を席巻したが、今では、中国や韓国メーカーに追い抜かれている。
It happened mainly because Japanese firms have suffered from a becalmed global shipbuilding market after the so-called Lehman shock and the negative effects of the super strong yen. They are also at a disadvantage to other Asian rivals in cost competitiveness.
リーマン・ショック後の世界的な造船市況の低迷と、超円高の打撃を受けたうえ、コスト競争力で劣っているのが主因だ。
Surviving fierce contest
Mizuho Corporate Bank, the main bank financing Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering, acted as a middleman in their merger planning. The plan can be seen as one tactic aimed at survival in a fierce global contest.
川崎重工と三井造船の合併構想は、主力取引銀行のみずほコーポレート銀行が仲介役となった。激しい国際競争を生き残るための一つの選択肢だったのだろう。
In January, shipbuilding companies related to JFE Holdings, Inc. and IHI Corp. were integrated. Moves by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. and Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. to enhance their partnership apparently pushed Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering toward the possible merger.
１月にはＪＦＥ系とＩＨＩ系の造船子会社が統合した。提携関係を深めている三菱重工業と今治造船の動きも、川崎重工と三井造船の背中を押したとみられる。
Within Kawasaki Heavy, however, opinions about the integration were greatly divided. Supporters and opponents to the merger plan apparently had different views on the actual businesses of the company.
しかし、川崎重工社内は合併の賛否で割れていた。経営実態への感度の差もあったのでないか。
Shipbuilding accounts for only 10 percent of Kawasaki Heavy’s sales. Manufacturing of trains, aerospace equipment and motorcycles is considered the company's major business.
売上高のうち、造船部門はわずか１割に過ぎない。むしろ主力事業は、鉄道車両、航空宇宙、オートバイなどである。
Many strongly opposed the merger plan, arguing that it was expected to create synergies for the shipbuilding section but would not benefit the other unrelated sections much.
三井造船との合併で造船部門では相乗効果が期待できても、非造船部門はメリットが薄いとして、合併反対論も強かった。
Industrial reorganization
Against this background, we urge Kawasaki Heavy to reflect on its past conduct of not disclosing important management information to the market at appropriate times. The company initially denied the preliminary merger talks but suddenly admitted them on Thursday.
川崎重工が重要な経営情報を市場に適時開示していなかった点には反省を促したい。当初、合併交渉を否定しておきながら、１３日に一転して認めたからだ。
Attention will now focus on what management strategies the two companies will develop in the wake of the merger talks being scrapped.
今後の焦点は、合併交渉の白紙を受け、両社がそれぞれ、どんな経営戦略を打ち出すかだ。
The new Kawasaki Heavy president said the company will continue to study the possibilities of integration, merger and acquisition, and partnership, but the specific proposals Murayama will make remain to be seen. It is also important for the company to readjust its relations with the main financing banks.
「合併・買収（Ｍ＆Ａ）や連携は引き続き検討する」と述べた村山新社長の具体策が問われる。取引銀行との再調整も課題だ。
Meanwhile, Mitsui Engineering, whose business performance is sluggish, has a rocky road ahead.
一方、業績が低迷している三井造船の前途は多難である。
The government revealed its policy to support industrial reorganization as a measure to enhance competitiveness of Japanese companies. However, the failed merger negotiations between Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering proves that industrial organization is never an easy job.
政府は、競争力強化策として産業再編を支援する方針を示した。だが、川崎重工と三井造船の交渉破談は、再編が決して容易ではないことを浮き彫りにしている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 16, 2013)
（2013年6月16日付 読売新聞）
Kawasaki Heavy power struggle keeping market on tenterhooks
川重社長解任 合併で混乱招いた社内抗争劇（6月16日付・読売社説）
It is unusual in Japan to see the head of a major company suddenly dismissed. The market is now watching with a sharp eye the confusion caused by a power struggle within a major company.
企業トップが突然、解任される異例の展開である。社内抗争による混乱に市場の目は厳しい。
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. dismissed President Satoshi Hasegawa and two other directors during an ad hoc board meeting on Thursday. The three had been pushing merger talks with Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co. The company also said it decided to scrap the integration talks.
川崎重工業が１３日の臨時取締役会で、三井造船との合併交渉を推進していた長谷川聡社長ら３人の取締役を解任した。交渉の打ち切りも決めた。
Shigeru Murayama, who was promoted to president from senior vice president, said “a strong sense of distrust had developed” regarding their assertive way of pursuing the merger talks because the three had acted as if “the integration was a foregone conclusion.” It was an agonizing decision to dismiss them, he added.
常務から昇格した村山滋新社長は記者会見で、「合併ありきの姿勢に強い不信感を覚えた。苦渋の決断だ」と述べた。
What happened is in effect a palace coup staged jointly by Murayama and others to stop the merger plan with Mitsui Engineering.
合併構想を阻止するために、村山氏らが結束した事実上の社内クーデターと言えよう。
In the shipbuilding and heavy machinery industry, Kawasaki Heavy is the nation's second largest company and Mitsui Engineering is the fifth. News reports revealed their integration talks at the end of April. If realized, the integration would have created a giant company with combined consolidated sales approaching 2 trillion yen.
造船・重機業界２位の川崎重工と５位の三井造船の合併交渉は、４月末の報道で明るみに出た。実現すれば、連結売上高２兆円弱の大型再編になるはずだった。
Japanese shipbuilding companies once dominated the global market. Today, however, Chinese and South Korean rivals have overtaken Japanese companies.
日本の造船業界はかつて世界を席巻したが、今では、中国や韓国メーカーに追い抜かれている。
It happened mainly because Japanese firms have suffered from a becalmed global shipbuilding market after the so-called Lehman shock and the negative effects of the super strong yen. They are also at a disadvantage to other Asian rivals in cost competitiveness.
リーマン・ショック後の世界的な造船市況の低迷と、超円高の打撃を受けたうえ、コスト競争力で劣っているのが主因だ。
Surviving fierce contest
Mizuho Corporate Bank, the main bank financing Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering, acted as a middleman in their merger planning. The plan can be seen as one tactic aimed at survival in a fierce global contest.
川崎重工と三井造船の合併構想は、主力取引銀行のみずほコーポレート銀行が仲介役となった。激しい国際競争を生き残るための一つの選択肢だったのだろう。
In January, shipbuilding companies related to JFE Holdings, Inc. and IHI Corp. were integrated. Moves by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. and Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. to enhance their partnership apparently pushed Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering toward the possible merger.
１月にはＪＦＥ系とＩＨＩ系の造船子会社が統合した。提携関係を深めている三菱重工業と今治造船の動きも、川崎重工と三井造船の背中を押したとみられる。
Within Kawasaki Heavy, however, opinions about the integration were greatly divided. Supporters and opponents to the merger plan apparently had different views on the actual businesses of the company.
しかし、川崎重工社内は合併の賛否で割れていた。経営実態への感度の差もあったのでないか。
Shipbuilding accounts for only 10 percent of Kawasaki Heavy’s sales. Manufacturing of trains, aerospace equipment and motorcycles is considered the company's major business.
売上高のうち、造船部門はわずか１割に過ぎない。むしろ主力事業は、鉄道車両、航空宇宙、オートバイなどである。
Many strongly opposed the merger plan, arguing that it was expected to create synergies for the shipbuilding section but would not benefit the other unrelated sections much.
三井造船との合併で造船部門では相乗効果が期待できても、非造船部門はメリットが薄いとして、合併反対論も強かった。
Industrial reorganization
Against this background, we urge Kawasaki Heavy to reflect on its past conduct of not disclosing important management information to the market at appropriate times. The company initially denied the preliminary merger talks but suddenly admitted them on Thursday.
川崎重工が重要な経営情報を市場に適時開示していなかった点には反省を促したい。当初、合併交渉を否定しておきながら、１３日に一転して認めたからだ。
Attention will now focus on what management strategies the two companies will develop in the wake of the merger talks being scrapped.
今後の焦点は、合併交渉の白紙を受け、両社がそれぞれ、どんな経営戦略を打ち出すかだ。
The new Kawasaki Heavy president said the company will continue to study the possibilities of integration, merger and acquisition, and partnership, but the specific proposals Murayama will make remain to be seen. It is also important for the company to readjust its relations with the main financing banks.
「合併・買収（Ｍ＆Ａ）や連携は引き続き検討する」と述べた村山新社長の具体策が問われる。取引銀行との再調整も課題だ。
Meanwhile, Mitsui Engineering, whose business performance is sluggish, has a rocky road ahead.
一方、業績が低迷している三井造船の前途は多難である。
The government revealed its policy to support industrial reorganization as a measure to enhance competitiveness of Japanese companies. However, the failed merger negotiations between Kawasaki Heavy and Mitsui Engineering proves that industrial organization is never an easy job.
政府は、競争力強化策として産業再編を支援する方針を示した。だが、川崎重工と三井造船の交渉破談は、再編が決して容易ではないことを浮き彫りにしている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 16, 2013)
（2013年6月16日付 読売新聞）
2013年06月17日
東京都議選告示 参院選を占う先行指標となる
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 15, 2013
Tokyo assembly poll foreshadows result of upper house elections
東京都議選告示 参院選を占う先行指標となる（6月14日付・読売社説）
The results of the June 23 Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly election, with about 10 million voters, will be a harbinger of results in the House of Councillors election scheduled for next month.
有権者約１０００万人の首都決戦は来月の参院選の先行指標となる。
A major issue in the metropolitan assembly election will be what judgment parties make on Abenomics, the economic policy of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s government.
安倍政権の経済政策である「アベノミクス」をどう評価するかが大きな争点となろう。
The official campaign period for the election starts Friday. However, the de facto election campaign is already overheating, with presidents and senior officials of political parties running to and fro in Tokyo.
東京都議選が、きょう告示される。各党の党首、幹部クラスがすでに都内を走り回るなど、事実上の選挙戦が過熱している。
The metropolitan assembly election attracts a lot of attention because in the past it has often foreshadowed the results of national elections held soon afterward.
都議選が注目されるのは、直後の国政選と連動することが多いからだ。
Will history repeat?
In the previous metropolitan assembly election of 2009, for instance, the Liberal Democratic Party suffered a crushing defeat while the Democratic Party of Japan made a remarkable breakthrough to become the assembly’s largest group. It was as if the poll projected the results of the House of Representatives election the following month, which brought about a change of government.
前回２００９年は、自民党が大敗し、民主党が躍進を遂げて都議会最大会派となった。翌月の衆院選での政権交代を告げるような結果だった。
In the upcoming metropolitan assembly election, the LDP is trying to become the largest party in the assembly again and to secure a stable majority with its partner New Komeito.
今回、自民党は都議会第１党の座を奪還し、公明党とともに、安定した与党勢力の確保を目指している。
Their success or failure will likely predict whether the two parties will win a majority of seats in the upper house election, thus ending the divided Diet in which opposition parties control the upper house.
参院選で過半数の議席を自公で獲得し、衆参「ねじれ国会」を解消できるかどうかを占うことにつながろう。
“[Abenomics] has drastically changed the dark, thick cloud and [negative] atmosphere that had covered Japan,” Abe said during a street speech in Tokyo. “If we keep this course, the economy will grow without doubt.”
安倍首相は都内の遊説で、アベノミクスについて、「日本を覆っていた暗く厚い雲、空気が大きく変わった。この道を進めば、間違いなく経済成長させていくことができる」と訴えた。
The so-called third arrow of his economic policy, following bold monetary easing and flexible fiscal policy, is growth strategy. Since its outline has only just been announced, it should be allowed time to bear fruit.
ただ、大胆な金融緩和、機動的な財政政策に続く「第３の矢」の成長戦略は発表した直後で、成果が出るのはこれからだ。
However, what kind of road map to economic recovery is the LDP going to draw? The party needs to provide more detailed explanations.
自民党は、経済再生への道筋をどう描くのか、丁寧な説明が必要だ。
Meanwhile, DPJ President Banri Kaieda stressed risks of Abenomics during his street speech. Abenomics “will raise prices, increase people’s burdens and destroy their livelihoods,” he said.
民主党の海江田代表は街頭演説で、アベノミクスについて、「物価が上昇し、国民の負担が増え、生活を破壊する」と、そのリスクを強調した。
However, if he only stresses the disadvantages of Abenomics, it will not constitute convincing criticism. We hope Kaieda will engage in a substantial debate with the LDP by presenting a specific counterproposal to Abenomics.
だが、マイナス面を強調するだけでは説得力のある批判とはいえまい。具体的な対案を示して深みのある論戦を展開してほしい。
Nippon Ishin no Kai (Japan Restoration Party) is losing steam due to remarks by its coleader Toru Hashimoto on so-called comfort women. Your Party, which had been building a coalition with Ishin no Kai, decided to cancel their cooperation in the metropolitan assembly election after Hashimoto made the remarks. The same situation is seen in the upper house election. Attention should be focused on what judgment voters will make on the so-called third force political parties.
日本維新の会は、橋下共同代表によるいわゆる従軍慰安婦問題の発言を巡り、失速気味だ。共闘体制を構築してきたみんなの党は、選挙協力を解消した。参院選も同じ構図だ。「第３極」に対する有権者の判断が注目される。
Tokyo assembly poll foreshadows result of upper house elections
東京都議選告示 参院選を占う先行指標となる（6月14日付・読売社説）
The results of the June 23 Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly election, with about 10 million voters, will be a harbinger of results in the House of Councillors election scheduled for next month.
有権者約１０００万人の首都決戦は来月の参院選の先行指標となる。
A major issue in the metropolitan assembly election will be what judgment parties make on Abenomics, the economic policy of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s government.
安倍政権の経済政策である「アベノミクス」をどう評価するかが大きな争点となろう。
The official campaign period for the election starts Friday. However, the de facto election campaign is already overheating, with presidents and senior officials of political parties running to and fro in Tokyo.
東京都議選が、きょう告示される。各党の党首、幹部クラスがすでに都内を走り回るなど、事実上の選挙戦が過熱している。
The metropolitan assembly election attracts a lot of attention because in the past it has often foreshadowed the results of national elections held soon afterward.
都議選が注目されるのは、直後の国政選と連動することが多いからだ。
Will history repeat?
In the previous metropolitan assembly election of 2009, for instance, the Liberal Democratic Party suffered a crushing defeat while the Democratic Party of Japan made a remarkable breakthrough to become the assembly’s largest group. It was as if the poll projected the results of the House of Representatives election the following month, which brought about a change of government.
前回２００９年は、自民党が大敗し、民主党が躍進を遂げて都議会最大会派となった。翌月の衆院選での政権交代を告げるような結果だった。
In the upcoming metropolitan assembly election, the LDP is trying to become the largest party in the assembly again and to secure a stable majority with its partner New Komeito.
今回、自民党は都議会第１党の座を奪還し、公明党とともに、安定した与党勢力の確保を目指している。
Their success or failure will likely predict whether the two parties will win a majority of seats in the upper house election, thus ending the divided Diet in which opposition parties control the upper house.
参院選で過半数の議席を自公で獲得し、衆参「ねじれ国会」を解消できるかどうかを占うことにつながろう。
“[Abenomics] has drastically changed the dark, thick cloud and [negative] atmosphere that had covered Japan,” Abe said during a street speech in Tokyo. “If we keep this course, the economy will grow without doubt.”
安倍首相は都内の遊説で、アベノミクスについて、「日本を覆っていた暗く厚い雲、空気が大きく変わった。この道を進めば、間違いなく経済成長させていくことができる」と訴えた。
The so-called third arrow of his economic policy, following bold monetary easing and flexible fiscal policy, is growth strategy. Since its outline has only just been announced, it should be allowed time to bear fruit.
ただ、大胆な金融緩和、機動的な財政政策に続く「第３の矢」の成長戦略は発表した直後で、成果が出るのはこれからだ。
However, what kind of road map to economic recovery is the LDP going to draw? The party needs to provide more detailed explanations.
自民党は、経済再生への道筋をどう描くのか、丁寧な説明が必要だ。
Meanwhile, DPJ President Banri Kaieda stressed risks of Abenomics during his street speech. Abenomics “will raise prices, increase people’s burdens and destroy their livelihoods,” he said.
民主党の海江田代表は街頭演説で、アベノミクスについて、「物価が上昇し、国民の負担が増え、生活を破壊する」と、そのリスクを強調した。
However, if he only stresses the disadvantages of Abenomics, it will not constitute convincing criticism. We hope Kaieda will engage in a substantial debate with the LDP by presenting a specific counterproposal to Abenomics.
だが、マイナス面を強調するだけでは説得力のある批判とはいえまい。具体的な対案を示して深みのある論戦を展開してほしい。
Nippon Ishin no Kai (Japan Restoration Party) is losing steam due to remarks by its coleader Toru Hashimoto on so-called comfort women. Your Party, which had been building a coalition with Ishin no Kai, decided to cancel their cooperation in the metropolitan assembly election after Hashimoto made the remarks. The same situation is seen in the upper house election. Attention should be focused on what judgment voters will make on the so-called third force political parties.
日本維新の会は、橋下共同代表によるいわゆる従軍慰安婦問題の発言を巡り、失速気味だ。共闘体制を構築してきたみんなの党は、選挙協力を解消した。参院選も同じ構図だ。「第３極」に対する有権者の判断が注目される。
2013年06月16日
株価急落 相場の変動に振り回されるな
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 15, 2013
Govt, BOJ must stay calm in face of fast-changing market trends
株価急落 相場の変動に振り回されるな（6月14日付・読売社説）
Reflecting the turbulent moves of speculative money on world markets, erratic fluctuations in this country of both stock prices and exchange rates have continued.
世界的な投資マネーの激しい動きを受け、株価と円相場の乱高下が止まらない。
Confronted with this situation, the government and the Bank of Japan must remain calm and steadily push ahead with down-to-earth economic policies.
政府と日銀は浮足立たず、地に足の着いた経済政策を推進すべきである。
The 225-issue Nikkei index on the Tokyo Stock Exchange fell sharply Thursday, ending the day at 12,445, down 843 points from Wednesday’s close. The yen’s appreciation, on the other hand, advanced, briefly hitting the 93 yen level against the dollar.
東京市場は１３日、平均株価が前日比８４３円安の１万２４４５円に急落した。円相場も一時、１ドル＝９３円台まで円高が進んだ。
The Nikkei average, however, is still more than 2,000 points higher than it was when Prime Minister Shinzo Abe launched his second administration in late December.
とはいえ、平均株価は第２次安倍内閣が発足した昨年１２月下旬より２０００円以上も高い。
3rd arrow fired
The recent strengthening of the yen is not so painful as to deal a heavy blow to export-oriented industries. It should be noted that a stronger yen has the favorable effect of stemming rises in import prices.
円高は輸出企業に打撃を与える水準ではなく、輸入物価の高騰を抑えるプラス面もある。
The government has mapped out the nation’s growth strategy, meaning that all three arrows of the Abe Cabinet’s Abenomics business stimulus package have been fired.
政府が成長戦略を策定し、安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」は３本の矢がそろったばかりだ。
Overreacting to market trends could cause declines in confidence in the government and the central bank, and threaten market turmoil.
ここで市場の動きに過剰反応すれば、政府と日銀の政策に対する信認が揺らぎ、かえって混乱に拍車をかけかねない。
Abe and Bank of Japan Gov. Haruhiko Kuroda met Thursday to discuss the economic situation prior to the Group of Eight summit scheduled to open in Britain on Monday.
この日は、安倍首相と黒田東彦日銀総裁が会談し、１７日から英国で開かれる主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）を前に、経済情勢について意見交換した。
Kuroda was quoted as explaining to the prime minister that the current pace of Japan’s economic recovery “has gradually becoming more buoyant than before.” In response, Abe was quoted as saying the government would take its “share of responsibility by steadfastly implementing growth strategies and relevant policy measures.”
黒田総裁が「日本経済は、回復の足取りが次第に力強くなっている」と説明したのに対し、首相は「成長戦略など政府の役割をしっかり果たす」と決意を示した。
Their views can be said to represent a correct assessment of the current state of the economy.
妥当な現状認識と言える。
The stock market plunge was attributed to the perception by the market that U.S. Federal Reserve Board Chairman Ben Bernanke may have hinted the Fed would wind down its ultra-easy monetary policy sooner than expected.
そもそも最近の株安は、米連邦準備制度理事会（ＦＲＢ）のバーナンキ議長の発言が、超金融緩和策の縮小を示唆したと受け止められたことがきっかけだ。
This led market players to move funds away from risky assets such as stocks.
世界の投資資金が株式などのリスク資産から流出し始めた。
Foreign investors who purchased Japanese stocks in large quantities have started to sell their shareholdings. In addition, speculative moves intended to drive down stock prices and high-speed, automated transactions are two other factors considered responsible for the market plunge.
日本株を大量に買った海外投資家が売りに転じ、売り崩しを狙う投機筋の動きや、コンピューターで瞬時に売買が成立する高速取引の普及などの要因も重なった。
Trying to control the global flow of money simply through Japan’s domestic policy measures is extremely difficult.
世界的な資金の流れを、日本国内の政策でコントロールしようとしても難しい。
It is incorrect to call the decline in stock prices the result of “insufficiencies in growth strategies” needed to revitalize the economy.
株安の原因を「成長戦略が踏み込み不足だから」などと決めつけるのは的外れだろう。
However, the government should be partly blamed for misleading the public. When stock prices were on the rise until late May, the prime minister and ministers in charge of economic affairs repeatedly stressed that this was due to the “fruit of Abenomics.” They must engage in serious soul-searching over the new development, as the declines in stock prices could be deemed as representing a failure of the government’s economic policies.
ただ、誤解を生んだ責任は政権側にもある。５月までの株高を、首相や経済閣僚が「アベノミクスの成果」と強調する場面が目立った。その裏返しに、株安の原因が政策の失敗と見なされやすくなることを、肝に銘じるべきだ。
Vigilance rather than action
Earlier this week, rumors spread that the Bank of Japan might hammer out measures to stabilize long-term interest rates. As soon as it was learned that the central bank has no such intention, the yen began to appreciate and stock prices dived.
今週は日銀が長期金利の安定化策を打ち出すとの観測が強まり、その実施が見送られるや、円高・株安に振れた。
The stock and financial markets appear to be “wooing” the central bank to come up with additional financial measures to stabilize the markets.
追加策を“催促”するような相場展開である。
It is inadvisable for the bank to adopt any measures that kowtow to market pressures.
催促されるまま追加策を講じるのは得策ではない。
However, vigilance over market trends must be the order of the day.
今は市場動向を油断なく注視すべき局面だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 14, 2013)
（2013年6月14日01時35分 読売新聞）
Govt, BOJ must stay calm in face of fast-changing market trends
株価急落 相場の変動に振り回されるな（6月14日付・読売社説）
Reflecting the turbulent moves of speculative money on world markets, erratic fluctuations in this country of both stock prices and exchange rates have continued.
世界的な投資マネーの激しい動きを受け、株価と円相場の乱高下が止まらない。
Confronted with this situation, the government and the Bank of Japan must remain calm and steadily push ahead with down-to-earth economic policies.
政府と日銀は浮足立たず、地に足の着いた経済政策を推進すべきである。
The 225-issue Nikkei index on the Tokyo Stock Exchange fell sharply Thursday, ending the day at 12,445, down 843 points from Wednesday’s close. The yen’s appreciation, on the other hand, advanced, briefly hitting the 93 yen level against the dollar.
東京市場は１３日、平均株価が前日比８４３円安の１万２４４５円に急落した。円相場も一時、１ドル＝９３円台まで円高が進んだ。
The Nikkei average, however, is still more than 2,000 points higher than it was when Prime Minister Shinzo Abe launched his second administration in late December.
とはいえ、平均株価は第２次安倍内閣が発足した昨年１２月下旬より２０００円以上も高い。
3rd arrow fired
The recent strengthening of the yen is not so painful as to deal a heavy blow to export-oriented industries. It should be noted that a stronger yen has the favorable effect of stemming rises in import prices.
円高は輸出企業に打撃を与える水準ではなく、輸入物価の高騰を抑えるプラス面もある。
The government has mapped out the nation’s growth strategy, meaning that all three arrows of the Abe Cabinet’s Abenomics business stimulus package have been fired.
政府が成長戦略を策定し、安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」は３本の矢がそろったばかりだ。
Overreacting to market trends could cause declines in confidence in the government and the central bank, and threaten market turmoil.
ここで市場の動きに過剰反応すれば、政府と日銀の政策に対する信認が揺らぎ、かえって混乱に拍車をかけかねない。
Abe and Bank of Japan Gov. Haruhiko Kuroda met Thursday to discuss the economic situation prior to the Group of Eight summit scheduled to open in Britain on Monday.
この日は、安倍首相と黒田東彦日銀総裁が会談し、１７日から英国で開かれる主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）を前に、経済情勢について意見交換した。
Kuroda was quoted as explaining to the prime minister that the current pace of Japan’s economic recovery “has gradually becoming more buoyant than before.” In response, Abe was quoted as saying the government would take its “share of responsibility by steadfastly implementing growth strategies and relevant policy measures.”
黒田総裁が「日本経済は、回復の足取りが次第に力強くなっている」と説明したのに対し、首相は「成長戦略など政府の役割をしっかり果たす」と決意を示した。
Their views can be said to represent a correct assessment of the current state of the economy.
妥当な現状認識と言える。
The stock market plunge was attributed to the perception by the market that U.S. Federal Reserve Board Chairman Ben Bernanke may have hinted the Fed would wind down its ultra-easy monetary policy sooner than expected.
そもそも最近の株安は、米連邦準備制度理事会（ＦＲＢ）のバーナンキ議長の発言が、超金融緩和策の縮小を示唆したと受け止められたことがきっかけだ。
This led market players to move funds away from risky assets such as stocks.
世界の投資資金が株式などのリスク資産から流出し始めた。
Foreign investors who purchased Japanese stocks in large quantities have started to sell their shareholdings. In addition, speculative moves intended to drive down stock prices and high-speed, automated transactions are two other factors considered responsible for the market plunge.
日本株を大量に買った海外投資家が売りに転じ、売り崩しを狙う投機筋の動きや、コンピューターで瞬時に売買が成立する高速取引の普及などの要因も重なった。
Trying to control the global flow of money simply through Japan’s domestic policy measures is extremely difficult.
世界的な資金の流れを、日本国内の政策でコントロールしようとしても難しい。
It is incorrect to call the decline in stock prices the result of “insufficiencies in growth strategies” needed to revitalize the economy.
株安の原因を「成長戦略が踏み込み不足だから」などと決めつけるのは的外れだろう。
However, the government should be partly blamed for misleading the public. When stock prices were on the rise until late May, the prime minister and ministers in charge of economic affairs repeatedly stressed that this was due to the “fruit of Abenomics.” They must engage in serious soul-searching over the new development, as the declines in stock prices could be deemed as representing a failure of the government’s economic policies.
ただ、誤解を生んだ責任は政権側にもある。５月までの株高を、首相や経済閣僚が「アベノミクスの成果」と強調する場面が目立った。その裏返しに、株安の原因が政策の失敗と見なされやすくなることを、肝に銘じるべきだ。
Vigilance rather than action
Earlier this week, rumors spread that the Bank of Japan might hammer out measures to stabilize long-term interest rates. As soon as it was learned that the central bank has no such intention, the yen began to appreciate and stock prices dived.
今週は日銀が長期金利の安定化策を打ち出すとの観測が強まり、その実施が見送られるや、円高・株安に振れた。
The stock and financial markets appear to be “wooing” the central bank to come up with additional financial measures to stabilize the markets.
追加策を“催促”するような相場展開である。
It is inadvisable for the bank to adopt any measures that kowtow to market pressures.
催促されるまま追加策を講じるのは得策ではない。
However, vigilance over market trends must be the order of the day.
今は市場動向を油断なく注視すべき局面だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 14, 2013)
（2013年6月14日01時35分 読売新聞）
2013年06月15日
薬のネット販売 安全性と利便性両立が必要だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 14, 2013
Regulation of online drug sales should promote safety, convenience
薬のネット販売 安全性と利便性両立が必要だ（6月13日付・読売社説）
We believe the government’s decision regarding the online sales of nonprescription drugs must please people who have limited means of transportation, such as the disabled and the elderly, and those who live on remote islands or in mountainous areas that lack pharmacies.
移動手段が限られる障害者や高齢者、薬局のない離島・山間部の住民にとって朗報だろう。
The government will mandate in its growth strategy, which is scheduled to be approved by the Cabinet on Friday, the lifting of a ban on online sales of nonprescription drugs, with certain exceptions.
政府は１４日に閣議決定する成長戦略に、市販薬のインターネット販売の原則解禁を明記する方針だ。
Under the plan, regulations on online sales of nonprescription drugs will be significantly relaxed. Currently, only a limited number of drugs are allowed to be sold online, but consumers will soon be able to purchase most of the 11,400 existing nonprescription drugs through the Internet.
一部の薬だけだったネット販売の規制が大幅に緩和される。市販薬約１万１４００品目のほとんどがネットで買えるようになる。
Although the economic impact of the move remains uncertain, the government expects the plan will be a symbol of its regulatory reform efforts.
ネット解禁による経済波及効果は未知数だが、規制改革の象徴的な意味合いがある。
The lifting of the ban was prompted by a Supreme Court ruling in January. The top court concluded that the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry’s ordinance banning online sales of drugs--except for a few drugs said to have a low risk of side effects--was “illegal and invalid.”
今回の規制緩和の契機になったのが、今年１月の最高裁判決だ。副作用の恐れが低いとされる一部の薬を除き、ネット販売を禁止してきた厚生労働省の省令について「違法で無効」と判断した。
The top court said the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law contained no clear indication that nonprescription drugs must be sold face-to-face. Currently, nonprescription drugs are required to be sold at drugstores through pharmacists or registered vendors.
薬事法からは、薬剤師らによる対面販売を義務付けることは読み取れないとの理由だった。
The growth strategy said the safety of drugs should be discussed rationally and objectively, regardless of whether drugs are sold online or face-to-face, an apparent reflection of the judicial decision. We believe it is absolutely necessary to get rid of excessive regulations.
成長戦略が、薬の安全性は「ネット販売か対面販売かを問わず合理的、客観的に検討すべきだ」と指摘するのは、こうした司法判断を踏まえた見解だろう。過剰な規制を取り払うのは当然だ。
There has been research suggesting that the quality of communication conducted via the Internet is not necessarily inferior to that of face-to-face communication.
インターネットによる情報伝達が対面より劣るとは言えない、との研究報告もある。
Some regulations necessary
However, we should not overlook a problem that emerged after the January ruling. Many companies have entered the online drug sales market since then. As a result, the ban on online sales has in effect dissolved along with the restrictions.
問題は、最高裁判決の後、市販薬のネット販売に多数の業者が参入し、実質的に全面解禁状態になっていることである。
The possibility of nonprescription drugs causing serious side effects is extremely low. However, 24 cases of death resulting from nonprescription medication have been reported in the five years since fiscal 2007.
市販薬による重い副作用が起きる確率は極めて低いものの、２００７年度から５年間で計２４件の死亡例が報告されている。
If massive amounts of nonprescription drugs are sold carelessly over the Internet, the risk of accidents will rise. Of course, the same can be said of over-the-counter sales, but we believe a certain amount of regulation of online sales of such drugs is necessary.
安易に大量販売が行われれば、事故の危険性も高まる。対面販売でも事情は同じだが、一定のルールは必要ではないか。
It was thus appropriate for the government to keep some exceptions to the ban on online sales of nonprescription drugs in tact. Due to safety considerations, the government said experts will further discuss the handling of 25 drugs, such as Loxonin, a prescription antipyretic-analgesic drug that was recently recategorized as a nonprescription drug.
政府がネット販売解禁にあたって、例外を設けたのは理解できる。安全性を確保するため、医師の処方薬から市販薬に転用されて間もない解熱鎮痛剤「ロキソニン」など２５品目については、さらに専門家で扱いを検討するとした。
Learn from foreign examples
The government said it will draw a conclusion on such drugs by the end of autumn, and aims to build a framework for them that is similar to the system for general nonprescription drugs, but which also promotes their careful sale and use. We want to remind the government of the importance of establishing a system that does not confuse consumers.
「処方薬に準じた形での慎重な販売や使用を促すための仕組み」について、秋ごろまでに結論を出すという。消費者に混乱を招かないよう配慮してもらいたい。
It seems that counterfeit drugs are being sold through some websites that sell privately imported drugs. The government must work out measures to effectively monitor such malicious businesses and eradicate them.
薬を海外から個人輸入するネット販売では、偽造薬も出回っている。こうした悪質業者をいかに監視・排除するかである。
Britain is a good example to follow. The British government has already lifted its ban on online medicine sales. Business entities there are required to register with a pharmacist organization and obtain a mark of certification.
例えば、薬品のネット販売を解禁している英国は、業者が薬剤師の団体に登録し、認証マークを取得することを求めている。
The government must make wholehearted efforts so that the safety and convenience of consumers will be achieved simultaneously.
政府は消費者の安全性と利便性の両立を図るために、知恵を絞らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 13, 2013)
（2013年6月13日01時27分 読売新聞）
Regulation of online drug sales should promote safety, convenience
薬のネット販売 安全性と利便性両立が必要だ（6月13日付・読売社説）
We believe the government’s decision regarding the online sales of nonprescription drugs must please people who have limited means of transportation, such as the disabled and the elderly, and those who live on remote islands or in mountainous areas that lack pharmacies.
移動手段が限られる障害者や高齢者、薬局のない離島・山間部の住民にとって朗報だろう。
The government will mandate in its growth strategy, which is scheduled to be approved by the Cabinet on Friday, the lifting of a ban on online sales of nonprescription drugs, with certain exceptions.
政府は１４日に閣議決定する成長戦略に、市販薬のインターネット販売の原則解禁を明記する方針だ。
Under the plan, regulations on online sales of nonprescription drugs will be significantly relaxed. Currently, only a limited number of drugs are allowed to be sold online, but consumers will soon be able to purchase most of the 11,400 existing nonprescription drugs through the Internet.
一部の薬だけだったネット販売の規制が大幅に緩和される。市販薬約１万１４００品目のほとんどがネットで買えるようになる。
Although the economic impact of the move remains uncertain, the government expects the plan will be a symbol of its regulatory reform efforts.
ネット解禁による経済波及効果は未知数だが、規制改革の象徴的な意味合いがある。
The lifting of the ban was prompted by a Supreme Court ruling in January. The top court concluded that the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry’s ordinance banning online sales of drugs--except for a few drugs said to have a low risk of side effects--was “illegal and invalid.”
今回の規制緩和の契機になったのが、今年１月の最高裁判決だ。副作用の恐れが低いとされる一部の薬を除き、ネット販売を禁止してきた厚生労働省の省令について「違法で無効」と判断した。
The top court said the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law contained no clear indication that nonprescription drugs must be sold face-to-face. Currently, nonprescription drugs are required to be sold at drugstores through pharmacists or registered vendors.
薬事法からは、薬剤師らによる対面販売を義務付けることは読み取れないとの理由だった。
The growth strategy said the safety of drugs should be discussed rationally and objectively, regardless of whether drugs are sold online or face-to-face, an apparent reflection of the judicial decision. We believe it is absolutely necessary to get rid of excessive regulations.
成長戦略が、薬の安全性は「ネット販売か対面販売かを問わず合理的、客観的に検討すべきだ」と指摘するのは、こうした司法判断を踏まえた見解だろう。過剰な規制を取り払うのは当然だ。
There has been research suggesting that the quality of communication conducted via the Internet is not necessarily inferior to that of face-to-face communication.
インターネットによる情報伝達が対面より劣るとは言えない、との研究報告もある。
Some regulations necessary
However, we should not overlook a problem that emerged after the January ruling. Many companies have entered the online drug sales market since then. As a result, the ban on online sales has in effect dissolved along with the restrictions.
問題は、最高裁判決の後、市販薬のネット販売に多数の業者が参入し、実質的に全面解禁状態になっていることである。
The possibility of nonprescription drugs causing serious side effects is extremely low. However, 24 cases of death resulting from nonprescription medication have been reported in the five years since fiscal 2007.
市販薬による重い副作用が起きる確率は極めて低いものの、２００７年度から５年間で計２４件の死亡例が報告されている。
If massive amounts of nonprescription drugs are sold carelessly over the Internet, the risk of accidents will rise. Of course, the same can be said of over-the-counter sales, but we believe a certain amount of regulation of online sales of such drugs is necessary.
安易に大量販売が行われれば、事故の危険性も高まる。対面販売でも事情は同じだが、一定のルールは必要ではないか。
It was thus appropriate for the government to keep some exceptions to the ban on online sales of nonprescription drugs in tact. Due to safety considerations, the government said experts will further discuss the handling of 25 drugs, such as Loxonin, a prescription antipyretic-analgesic drug that was recently recategorized as a nonprescription drug.
政府がネット販売解禁にあたって、例外を設けたのは理解できる。安全性を確保するため、医師の処方薬から市販薬に転用されて間もない解熱鎮痛剤「ロキソニン」など２５品目については、さらに専門家で扱いを検討するとした。
Learn from foreign examples
The government said it will draw a conclusion on such drugs by the end of autumn, and aims to build a framework for them that is similar to the system for general nonprescription drugs, but which also promotes their careful sale and use. We want to remind the government of the importance of establishing a system that does not confuse consumers.
「処方薬に準じた形での慎重な販売や使用を促すための仕組み」について、秋ごろまでに結論を出すという。消費者に混乱を招かないよう配慮してもらいたい。
It seems that counterfeit drugs are being sold through some websites that sell privately imported drugs. The government must work out measures to effectively monitor such malicious businesses and eradicate them.
薬を海外から個人輸入するネット販売では、偽造薬も出回っている。こうした悪質業者をいかに監視・排除するかである。
Britain is a good example to follow. The British government has already lifted its ban on online medicine sales. Business entities there are required to register with a pharmacist organization and obtain a mark of certification.
例えば、薬品のネット販売を解禁している英国は、業者が薬剤師の団体に登録し、認証マークを取得することを求めている。
The government must make wholehearted efforts so that the safety and convenience of consumers will be achieved simultaneously.
政府は消費者の安全性と利便性の両立を図るために、知恵を絞らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 13, 2013)
（2013年6月13日01時27分 読売新聞）
2013年06月14日
トルコのデモ 首相の強権姿勢が反発招いた
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 13, 2013
Erdogan's heavy-handed policies fan flames of unrest in Turkey
トルコのデモ 首相の強権姿勢が反発招いた（6月12日付・読売社説）
In Turkey, which Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited a month ago, police have fired tear gas and water cannons at demonstrators to quell protests calling for the resignation of Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan that have continued for more than 10 days.
１か月前に安倍首相が訪れたトルコで、エルドアン首相の退陣を求めるデモが１０日以上も続き、警察が催涙弾と放水で強制排除に乗り出した。
The protests have brought turmoil to the country, leaving several people dead. We hope the serious unrest will be brought under control as soon as possible.
デモの混乱で死者も出ており、深刻な事態が続いている。一日も早い収拾が望まれる。
Turkey is a strategically important regional power that borders civil war-hit Syria and Iraq, which is in the middle of national rebuilding. If Turkey’s political uncertainty becomes prolonged, its burgeoning economy could suffer a setback. The unrest could also deal a blow to efforts to stabilize the Middle East.
地域大国のトルコは、内戦が続くシリアや再建途上のイラクと国境を接する要衝だ。政情不安が長引けば、好調だった自国経済への打撃になるばかりか、中東地域の安定化にも影響が出かねない。
The protests were triggered by a heavy-handed crackdown that involved the use of tear gas by police during a protest against a redevelopment plan for a park in the nation’s largest city of Istanbul.
デモのきっかけは、最大都市イスタンブールの公園の再開発計画に反対する集会を、警察が催涙弾で鎮圧しようとしたことだ。
Angry demonstrators, mostly young people, have harnessed the Internet to call on people to rise up, causing the number of antigovernment protesters to swell into the tens of thousands. The protests have since spread to the capital of Ankara and other cities.
怒った若者らがインターネットで呼びかけ、数万人規模にふくれあがった。首都アンカラなど他の都市にも広がっている。
Results oriented leader
Despite the criticism, Erdogan has delivered results by rebuilding his country’s economy. In the decade since he took office, Turkey’s gross domestic product has more than doubled, and the nation has raised its international status and become one of the Group of 20 major economies.
ただ、エルドアン首相は経済再建で実績を上げている。就任以来の１０年で、トルコの国内総生産（ＧＤＰ）は２倍以上になり、主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）の一員として、国際的地位も向上した。
Turkish people apparently gave credit to Erdogan’s achievements, as his Justice and Development Party, a moderate Islamic party, overwhelmingly won in general elections in 2007 and 2011. It is understandable that the prime minister is confident in keeping his administration in power.
首相が率いる穏健イスラム政党の公正発展党が２００７年と１１年の総選挙で大勝したのも、高い評価の表れである。首相が政権維持に自信を持つのは理解できる。
However, it is evident that public frustration has grown especially among secular people over his Islamic policy and perceived autocratic political style.
だが、イスラム色が強い政策と強権的な政治手法に、特に、世俗派の国民が不満を強めているのは明らかだ。
Since its foundation in the 1920s, Turkey has applied the principle of secularism, separating religion from politics.
トルコは、１９２０年代の建国以来、政治と宗教を分離する世俗主義を国是としてきた。
But the recent enactment of a law banning alcohol sales from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. has increasingly alarmed secular opponents that the law was enacted to uphold Islamic values.
最近、酒類販売を午後１０時から午前６時まで禁じる法律が成立したことに、世俗派は、イスラム的な価値観に基づく立法だと、一層危機感を募らせている。
In the wake of incidents such as the arrests of journalists critical of the government, questions also have been raised over freedom of speech in the country. Some protesters have criticized Turkey’s media as reporting from a pro-government viewpoint.
政府に批判的なジャーナリストが逮捕されるなど、言論の自由にも疑問符がつく。デモ参加者は国内メディアを「政府のご用聞き」とも批判した。
Authority challenged
According to his party’s rules, Erdogan, who is serving a third term, is supposed to step down as prime minister after the current term. However, there has been speculation that he will seek the presidency after beefing up the presidential authority by amending the Constitution.
在任３期目の首相は、党規則によれば今期限りで退くことになるが、憲法改正で大統領権限を強化した上で、大統領に転身するのでは、との疑念がつきまとう。
Referring to protesters as “looters,” Erdogan remains defiant, urging loyalists of his party to take part in rallies in Ankara and Istanbul to counter antigovernment protests.
首相自身、デモ参加者を「ならず者」と非難し、反政府デモに対抗する集会をアンカラとイスタンブールで開くとして、与党支持者に参加を呼びかける強硬な姿勢を崩していない。
Such a firm stance has fueled concern that the confrontation between secularists and supporters of the ruling party will intensify.
世俗派と与党支持層の対決色が強まることが憂慮される。
Will Erdogan be able to avert further splits in society by listening to the voices of secular people, whose frustration has turned into protests? His ability to handle this incident will no doubt be tested.
デモに表れた世俗派の不満に耳を傾け、社会の分裂を回避することはできるのか。首相の舵(かじ)取りが問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 12, 2013)
（2013年6月12日01時18分 読売新聞）
Erdogan's heavy-handed policies fan flames of unrest in Turkey
トルコのデモ 首相の強権姿勢が反発招いた（6月12日付・読売社説）
In Turkey, which Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited a month ago, police have fired tear gas and water cannons at demonstrators to quell protests calling for the resignation of Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan that have continued for more than 10 days.
１か月前に安倍首相が訪れたトルコで、エルドアン首相の退陣を求めるデモが１０日以上も続き、警察が催涙弾と放水で強制排除に乗り出した。
The protests have brought turmoil to the country, leaving several people dead. We hope the serious unrest will be brought under control as soon as possible.
デモの混乱で死者も出ており、深刻な事態が続いている。一日も早い収拾が望まれる。
Turkey is a strategically important regional power that borders civil war-hit Syria and Iraq, which is in the middle of national rebuilding. If Turkey’s political uncertainty becomes prolonged, its burgeoning economy could suffer a setback. The unrest could also deal a blow to efforts to stabilize the Middle East.
地域大国のトルコは、内戦が続くシリアや再建途上のイラクと国境を接する要衝だ。政情不安が長引けば、好調だった自国経済への打撃になるばかりか、中東地域の安定化にも影響が出かねない。
The protests were triggered by a heavy-handed crackdown that involved the use of tear gas by police during a protest against a redevelopment plan for a park in the nation’s largest city of Istanbul.
デモのきっかけは、最大都市イスタンブールの公園の再開発計画に反対する集会を、警察が催涙弾で鎮圧しようとしたことだ。
Angry demonstrators, mostly young people, have harnessed the Internet to call on people to rise up, causing the number of antigovernment protesters to swell into the tens of thousands. The protests have since spread to the capital of Ankara and other cities.
怒った若者らがインターネットで呼びかけ、数万人規模にふくれあがった。首都アンカラなど他の都市にも広がっている。
Results oriented leader
Despite the criticism, Erdogan has delivered results by rebuilding his country’s economy. In the decade since he took office, Turkey’s gross domestic product has more than doubled, and the nation has raised its international status and become one of the Group of 20 major economies.
ただ、エルドアン首相は経済再建で実績を上げている。就任以来の１０年で、トルコの国内総生産（ＧＤＰ）は２倍以上になり、主要２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）の一員として、国際的地位も向上した。
Turkish people apparently gave credit to Erdogan’s achievements, as his Justice and Development Party, a moderate Islamic party, overwhelmingly won in general elections in 2007 and 2011. It is understandable that the prime minister is confident in keeping his administration in power.
首相が率いる穏健イスラム政党の公正発展党が２００７年と１１年の総選挙で大勝したのも、高い評価の表れである。首相が政権維持に自信を持つのは理解できる。
However, it is evident that public frustration has grown especially among secular people over his Islamic policy and perceived autocratic political style.
だが、イスラム色が強い政策と強権的な政治手法に、特に、世俗派の国民が不満を強めているのは明らかだ。
Since its foundation in the 1920s, Turkey has applied the principle of secularism, separating religion from politics.
トルコは、１９２０年代の建国以来、政治と宗教を分離する世俗主義を国是としてきた。
But the recent enactment of a law banning alcohol sales from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. has increasingly alarmed secular opponents that the law was enacted to uphold Islamic values.
最近、酒類販売を午後１０時から午前６時まで禁じる法律が成立したことに、世俗派は、イスラム的な価値観に基づく立法だと、一層危機感を募らせている。
In the wake of incidents such as the arrests of journalists critical of the government, questions also have been raised over freedom of speech in the country. Some protesters have criticized Turkey’s media as reporting from a pro-government viewpoint.
政府に批判的なジャーナリストが逮捕されるなど、言論の自由にも疑問符がつく。デモ参加者は国内メディアを「政府のご用聞き」とも批判した。
Authority challenged
According to his party’s rules, Erdogan, who is serving a third term, is supposed to step down as prime minister after the current term. However, there has been speculation that he will seek the presidency after beefing up the presidential authority by amending the Constitution.
在任３期目の首相は、党規則によれば今期限りで退くことになるが、憲法改正で大統領権限を強化した上で、大統領に転身するのでは、との疑念がつきまとう。
Referring to protesters as “looters,” Erdogan remains defiant, urging loyalists of his party to take part in rallies in Ankara and Istanbul to counter antigovernment protests.
首相自身、デモ参加者を「ならず者」と非難し、反政府デモに対抗する集会をアンカラとイスタンブールで開くとして、与党支持者に参加を呼びかける強硬な姿勢を崩していない。
Such a firm stance has fueled concern that the confrontation between secularists and supporters of the ruling party will intensify.
世俗派と与党支持層の対決色が強まることが憂慮される。
Will Erdogan be able to avert further splits in society by listening to the voices of secular people, whose frustration has turned into protests? His ability to handle this incident will no doubt be tested.
デモに表れた世俗派の不満に耳を傾け、社会の分裂を回避することはできるのか。首相の舵(かじ)取りが問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 12, 2013)
（2013年6月12日01時18分 読売新聞）
2013年06月13日
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 12, 2013
China's reliance on force hampers its pursuit of coexistence with U.S.
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない（6月11日付・読売社説）
For stability in the Asia-Pacific region, it is essential that the United States and China--the world’s sole superpower and the second-largest military and economic power--take confidence-building measures.
超大国の米国と世界第２位の軍事・経済大国である中国が信頼醸成を図ることは、アジア太平洋の安定に欠かせない。
Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with U.S. President Barack Obama at a retreat in California. It is unusual for a Chinese president to visit the United States only three months after his inauguration to meet with a U.S. president.
中国の習近平国家主席が米国を訪問し、オバマ大統領とカリフォルニア州の保養施設で会談した。中国の国家主席が就任後わずか３か月で訪米し、米大統領と会談したのは異例だ。
Through eight hours over two days, the two leaders discussed a new cooperative bilateral relationship. They agreed to step up pressure on North Korea over its nuclear programs and promote measures to address global warming. But their differences in intentions were conspicuous.
２日間計約８時間にわたる会談を通じ、両首脳は米中両国の新たな協力関係を巡って協議した。北朝鮮の核問題での圧力強化や地球温暖化対策推進で一致したが、思惑の違いも目立った。
The “new model for a relationship between major countries” that Xi is seeking is a relationship with the United States on an equal footing, in which both sides respect each other’s social systems and core interests. Close attention should be paid to Xi’s remarks during the talks that “the vast Pacific Ocean has enough space for the two large nations of China and the United States.”
習氏が目指す「新型の大国関係」とは、相互の社会制度や「核心的利益」を尊重する、米国と対等の関係である。会談で習氏が「広大な太平洋には両大国を受け入れる十分な空間がある」と語ったことには注意を払わねばならない。
Obama, for his part, called for a “peaceful rise” of China based on the premise that it abide by international rules.
これに対し、オバマ氏は国際ルールの順守を前提にした「平和的な台頭」を中国に求めた。
Cybersecurity concerns
Xi also requested information regarding U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade talks. Beijing apparently is wary that the envisaged trade framework could effectively contain China.
習氏は、米国主導の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉に関する情報提供も要請した。対中包囲網への警戒感があるのだろう。
Obama expressed concerns regarding the focal issue of cyber-attacks seeking illegal access to data, saying resolving cybersecurity issues would be key to the future of U.S.-China economic relations. His remarks are based on suspicions voiced in the United States that the Chinese government is involved in such activities.
焦点のサイバー攻撃による情報不正入手問題で、オバマ氏は、中国政府が関与しているとの米側の疑念を背景に、「この問題の解決は米中経済関係の将来のカギを握る」と懸念を示した。
As long as Xi insists that China is also “a victim of cyber-attacks,” Beijing should take measures to block hacking in cooperation with the United States.
習氏が「中国は被害者だ」と強調する以上、不正入手阻止の対策を米国と進めてもらいたい。
As for the Japan-China confrontation over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, Obama called for dialogue through diplomatic channels rather than actions on the East China Sea. This was meant to persuade China--which continues its saber-rattling by allowing its marine surveillance ships and other vessels to enter Japan’s territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands--to exercise self-restraint.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日中対立について、オバマ氏は「東シナ海での行動ではなく、外交ルートを通じた対話」を求めた。海洋監視船などを尖閣周辺の日本領海に侵入させる示威行動をやめない中国に自制を迫ったものだ。
But Xi said he hopes those concerned, apparently referring to Japan among others, will stop taking provocative actions and promptly return to a track of settling problems appropriately through dialogue. This is an extremely self-serving stance. It is China that must restrain its excessive provocations.
だが、習氏が逆に日本などを念頭に、「挑発を停止し、対話を通じ適切に問題を解決する軌道へ早期に戻るよう望む」と語ったのは身勝手に過ぎる。中国こそ、過激な挑発行動を控えるべきだ。
Must behave responsibly
China’s attempts to unilaterally expand its maritime interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea appear to contradict the “peaceful development” policy it vocally advocates.
中国が「核心的利益」とみなして、東シナ海や南シナ海で一方的に海洋権益拡大を図っているのは、自らが標榜(ひょうぼう)する「平和発展」に矛盾する行動ではないか。
If China seeks an equal relationship of coexistence with the United States, it must behave responsibly to achieve that end. Complying with international rules is a minimum obligation for Beijing.
米国と対等の共存関係を主張するなら、それに見合った責任ある態度が求められる。国際ルールの順守は最低限の義務である。
The Japanese and U.S. governments are planning to set up a bilateral summit meeting to coincide with an upcoming Group of Eight summit meeting of major nations. Japan needs to reconfirm the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance without lowering its guard against China, which is trying to reassure itself that it is indeed a major nation by relying on its mighty power.
日米両政府は、主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）に合わせて首脳会談を開く方向だ。日本は、力に依存した大国意識を高める中国への警戒を緩めず、日米同盟の重要性を再確認する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 11, 2013)
（2013年6月11日01時18分 読売新聞）
China's reliance on force hampers its pursuit of coexistence with U.S.
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない（6月11日付・読売社説）
For stability in the Asia-Pacific region, it is essential that the United States and China--the world’s sole superpower and the second-largest military and economic power--take confidence-building measures.
超大国の米国と世界第２位の軍事・経済大国である中国が信頼醸成を図ることは、アジア太平洋の安定に欠かせない。
Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with U.S. President Barack Obama at a retreat in California. It is unusual for a Chinese president to visit the United States only three months after his inauguration to meet with a U.S. president.
中国の習近平国家主席が米国を訪問し、オバマ大統領とカリフォルニア州の保養施設で会談した。中国の国家主席が就任後わずか３か月で訪米し、米大統領と会談したのは異例だ。
Through eight hours over two days, the two leaders discussed a new cooperative bilateral relationship. They agreed to step up pressure on North Korea over its nuclear programs and promote measures to address global warming. But their differences in intentions were conspicuous.
２日間計約８時間にわたる会談を通じ、両首脳は米中両国の新たな協力関係を巡って協議した。北朝鮮の核問題での圧力強化や地球温暖化対策推進で一致したが、思惑の違いも目立った。
The “new model for a relationship between major countries” that Xi is seeking is a relationship with the United States on an equal footing, in which both sides respect each other’s social systems and core interests. Close attention should be paid to Xi’s remarks during the talks that “the vast Pacific Ocean has enough space for the two large nations of China and the United States.”
習氏が目指す「新型の大国関係」とは、相互の社会制度や「核心的利益」を尊重する、米国と対等の関係である。会談で習氏が「広大な太平洋には両大国を受け入れる十分な空間がある」と語ったことには注意を払わねばならない。
Obama, for his part, called for a “peaceful rise” of China based on the premise that it abide by international rules.
これに対し、オバマ氏は国際ルールの順守を前提にした「平和的な台頭」を中国に求めた。
Cybersecurity concerns
Xi also requested information regarding U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade talks. Beijing apparently is wary that the envisaged trade framework could effectively contain China.
習氏は、米国主導の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉に関する情報提供も要請した。対中包囲網への警戒感があるのだろう。
Obama expressed concerns regarding the focal issue of cyber-attacks seeking illegal access to data, saying resolving cybersecurity issues would be key to the future of U.S.-China economic relations. His remarks are based on suspicions voiced in the United States that the Chinese government is involved in such activities.
焦点のサイバー攻撃による情報不正入手問題で、オバマ氏は、中国政府が関与しているとの米側の疑念を背景に、「この問題の解決は米中経済関係の将来のカギを握る」と懸念を示した。
As long as Xi insists that China is also “a victim of cyber-attacks,” Beijing should take measures to block hacking in cooperation with the United States.
習氏が「中国は被害者だ」と強調する以上、不正入手阻止の対策を米国と進めてもらいたい。
As for the Japan-China confrontation over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, Obama called for dialogue through diplomatic channels rather than actions on the East China Sea. This was meant to persuade China--which continues its saber-rattling by allowing its marine surveillance ships and other vessels to enter Japan’s territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands--to exercise self-restraint.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日中対立について、オバマ氏は「東シナ海での行動ではなく、外交ルートを通じた対話」を求めた。海洋監視船などを尖閣周辺の日本領海に侵入させる示威行動をやめない中国に自制を迫ったものだ。
But Xi said he hopes those concerned, apparently referring to Japan among others, will stop taking provocative actions and promptly return to a track of settling problems appropriately through dialogue. This is an extremely self-serving stance. It is China that must restrain its excessive provocations.
だが、習氏が逆に日本などを念頭に、「挑発を停止し、対話を通じ適切に問題を解決する軌道へ早期に戻るよう望む」と語ったのは身勝手に過ぎる。中国こそ、過激な挑発行動を控えるべきだ。
Must behave responsibly
China’s attempts to unilaterally expand its maritime interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea appear to contradict the “peaceful development” policy it vocally advocates.
中国が「核心的利益」とみなして、東シナ海や南シナ海で一方的に海洋権益拡大を図っているのは、自らが標榜(ひょうぼう)する「平和発展」に矛盾する行動ではないか。
If China seeks an equal relationship of coexistence with the United States, it must behave responsibly to achieve that end. Complying with international rules is a minimum obligation for Beijing.
米国と対等の共存関係を主張するなら、それに見合った責任ある態度が求められる。国際ルールの順守は最低限の義務である。
The Japanese and U.S. governments are planning to set up a bilateral summit meeting to coincide with an upcoming Group of Eight summit meeting of major nations. Japan needs to reconfirm the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance without lowering its guard against China, which is trying to reassure itself that it is indeed a major nation by relying on its mighty power.
日米両政府は、主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）に合わせて首脳会談を開く方向だ。日本は、力に依存した大国意識を高める中国への警戒を緩めず、日米同盟の重要性を再確認する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 11, 2013)
（2013年6月11日01時18分 読売新聞）
2013年06月12日
株式投資よりも利益率の高い商品先物取引
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中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 11, 2013
Unfair trade practices, protectionism hurting growth of world economy
中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易（6月9日付・読売社説）
International trade disputes have been erupting frequently. It is important to correct unfair trade practices and revitalize the world economy.
貿易を巡る国際紛争が頻発している。不公正な貿易慣行は是正し、世界経済を活性化させることが重要である。
The European Union recently reached a provisional decision to impose antidumping levies on imports of Chinese solar panels in two stages, saying that Chinese firms are exporting them at improperly low prices.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は、中国企業が太陽光パネルを不当に安値で輸出しているとして、中国製パネルに２段階で反ダンピング（不当廉売）関税をかける仮決定を下した。
The EU will impose a tariff of about 12 percent on imported Chinese solar panels until early August, and increase this to an average of 48 percent later if Beijing does not take corrective measures to resolve the issue. The EU will decide by the end of the year on whether to keep the levies in place.
８月初めまで約１２％を課税し、中国側が是正措置を取らない場合は約４８％に引き上げる。ＥＵは年末に最終決定する方針だ。
According to the EU, Chinese exporters sell their solar panels for as much as 90 percent below a fair market price. They have apparently been trying to increase sales in the EU market, the biggest export market for their products, with scant regard for making a profit.
ＥＵによると、中国企業は市場価格より９割も安値で販売していた。採算を度外視しても、最大の輸出先であるＥＵ市場に販売を拡大する狙いだったようだ。
Battered by China’s low-priced sales drive, business conditions for their European counterparts have deteriorated. Some have gone bankrupt.
安値攻勢にさらされて経営が悪化し、倒産に追い込まれた欧州企業も出ている。
EU position understandable
We can understand the EU stance of trying to rectify an unfair trade practice, in line with international rules of the World Trade Organization.
ＥＵが世界貿易機関（ＷＴＯ）の国際ルールに沿って、不公正貿易慣行の是正を目指す姿勢は理解できる。
The EU will impose a low tariff in the first stage, as it attempts to elicit concessions from China amicably. It also took into account the caution some member nations such as Germany feel about taking tough measures against Beijing.
ＥＵが第１段階として低率関税をかけるのは、対中強硬策に慎重なドイツなどメンバー国に配慮する一方、中国から穏便に譲歩を引き出したいとの判断がある。
However, China reacted sharply and announced it would launch an investigation into the possible dumping of European wine on its market. This appears to be a tit-for-tat response.
だが、中国は反発し、ＥＵ産ワインのダンピング調査を発表した。対抗措置とみられる。
As it remains uncertain whether European wine exports actually caused any actual loss to the Chinese market, Beijing’s forceful action can hardly be considered as adhering to international rules.
実害があるのか不透明なだけに、中国の強硬姿勢は、国際ルール逸脱と受け止められても仕方ない。
China and the EU also are at loggerheads over China-made mobile telecommunications equipment. The EU has launched an investigation into possible dumping by Chinese makers. The current situation could degenerate into the mutual imposition of sanctions.
中国とＥＵは、中国製の通信機器でも対立し、ＥＵがダンピング調査に入った。制裁の応酬に発展しかねない事態である。
EU countries and China have become key trading partners. Should their trade conflict escalate, it would adversely affect the global economy. We hope the EU and China try to settle their disputes as soon as possible through dialogue.
欧州と中国は互いに主要な貿易相手になっている。対立がエスカレートすれば、世界経済にも悪影響が及ぼう。対話を通じ、早期収拾を目指してもらいたい。
The growing trend toward protectionism in various parts of the world is a cause for concern. This is apparently designed to assist domestic industries while the world economy dawdles toward a full-fledged recovery and some newly emerging economies face a slowdown in growth.
懸念されるのは、世界経済の本格回復が遅れ、新興国の成長が減速する中、自国産業の支援を意図した保護貿易主義的な動きが各地で強まっていることだ。
Japan claim upheld
In May, the WTO upheld Japan’s claim against a controversial feed-in tariff program introduced by the Canadian province of Ontario. Only companies that meet certain local content levels for renewable energy-related equipment can take part in the program, in which electricity generated from renewable energy sources is sold to power companies at fixed prices.
The WTO ordered the province to take corrective measures.
カナダ・オンタリオ州が再生可能エネルギーの固定価格買い取り制度で地元企業を優遇した措置について、ＷＴＯは５月、不当だとする日本の主張を認め、カナダに是正を勧告した。
Japan, together with the United States and the EU, have filed claims against China’s export controls on rare earth minerals, as well as Argentina’s import permission system for certain goods, such as automobiles. They referred the issues to the WTO because they wanted action to correct these unfair trade practices.
日本は米国、ＥＵとともに、中国のレアアース（希土類）の輸出制限措置や、自動車などを対象にしたアルゼンチンの輸入許可制度についても、不公正措置と問題視し、ＷＴＯに是正を訴えた。
The rise of trade protectionism is detrimental to development of the world economy. Japan has to devise a strategy to cooperate with the United States and European countries, while holding on to the WTO rules as fundamental to promoting the global economy.
保護貿易主義の台頭は、世界経済の発展にマイナスだ。自由貿易推進へ、日本は今後もＷＴＯルールを基本とし、米欧と連携する戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 9, 2013)
（2013年6月9日01時45分 読売新聞）
Unfair trade practices, protectionism hurting growth of world economy
中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易（6月9日付・読売社説）
International trade disputes have been erupting frequently. It is important to correct unfair trade practices and revitalize the world economy.
貿易を巡る国際紛争が頻発している。不公正な貿易慣行は是正し、世界経済を活性化させることが重要である。
The European Union recently reached a provisional decision to impose antidumping levies on imports of Chinese solar panels in two stages, saying that Chinese firms are exporting them at improperly low prices.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は、中国企業が太陽光パネルを不当に安値で輸出しているとして、中国製パネルに２段階で反ダンピング（不当廉売）関税をかける仮決定を下した。
The EU will impose a tariff of about 12 percent on imported Chinese solar panels until early August, and increase this to an average of 48 percent later if Beijing does not take corrective measures to resolve the issue. The EU will decide by the end of the year on whether to keep the levies in place.
８月初めまで約１２％を課税し、中国側が是正措置を取らない場合は約４８％に引き上げる。ＥＵは年末に最終決定する方針だ。
According to the EU, Chinese exporters sell their solar panels for as much as 90 percent below a fair market price. They have apparently been trying to increase sales in the EU market, the biggest export market for their products, with scant regard for making a profit.
ＥＵによると、中国企業は市場価格より９割も安値で販売していた。採算を度外視しても、最大の輸出先であるＥＵ市場に販売を拡大する狙いだったようだ。
Battered by China’s low-priced sales drive, business conditions for their European counterparts have deteriorated. Some have gone bankrupt.
安値攻勢にさらされて経営が悪化し、倒産に追い込まれた欧州企業も出ている。
EU position understandable
We can understand the EU stance of trying to rectify an unfair trade practice, in line with international rules of the World Trade Organization.
ＥＵが世界貿易機関（ＷＴＯ）の国際ルールに沿って、不公正貿易慣行の是正を目指す姿勢は理解できる。
The EU will impose a low tariff in the first stage, as it attempts to elicit concessions from China amicably. It also took into account the caution some member nations such as Germany feel about taking tough measures against Beijing.
ＥＵが第１段階として低率関税をかけるのは、対中強硬策に慎重なドイツなどメンバー国に配慮する一方、中国から穏便に譲歩を引き出したいとの判断がある。
However, China reacted sharply and announced it would launch an investigation into the possible dumping of European wine on its market. This appears to be a tit-for-tat response.
だが、中国は反発し、ＥＵ産ワインのダンピング調査を発表した。対抗措置とみられる。
As it remains uncertain whether European wine exports actually caused any actual loss to the Chinese market, Beijing’s forceful action can hardly be considered as adhering to international rules.
実害があるのか不透明なだけに、中国の強硬姿勢は、国際ルール逸脱と受け止められても仕方ない。
China and the EU also are at loggerheads over China-made mobile telecommunications equipment. The EU has launched an investigation into possible dumping by Chinese makers. The current situation could degenerate into the mutual imposition of sanctions.
中国とＥＵは、中国製の通信機器でも対立し、ＥＵがダンピング調査に入った。制裁の応酬に発展しかねない事態である。
EU countries and China have become key trading partners. Should their trade conflict escalate, it would adversely affect the global economy. We hope the EU and China try to settle their disputes as soon as possible through dialogue.
欧州と中国は互いに主要な貿易相手になっている。対立がエスカレートすれば、世界経済にも悪影響が及ぼう。対話を通じ、早期収拾を目指してもらいたい。
The growing trend toward protectionism in various parts of the world is a cause for concern. This is apparently designed to assist domestic industries while the world economy dawdles toward a full-fledged recovery and some newly emerging economies face a slowdown in growth.
懸念されるのは、世界経済の本格回復が遅れ、新興国の成長が減速する中、自国産業の支援を意図した保護貿易主義的な動きが各地で強まっていることだ。
Japan claim upheld
In May, the WTO upheld Japan’s claim against a controversial feed-in tariff program introduced by the Canadian province of Ontario. Only companies that meet certain local content levels for renewable energy-related equipment can take part in the program, in which electricity generated from renewable energy sources is sold to power companies at fixed prices.
The WTO ordered the province to take corrective measures.
カナダ・オンタリオ州が再生可能エネルギーの固定価格買い取り制度で地元企業を優遇した措置について、ＷＴＯは５月、不当だとする日本の主張を認め、カナダに是正を勧告した。
Japan, together with the United States and the EU, have filed claims against China’s export controls on rare earth minerals, as well as Argentina’s import permission system for certain goods, such as automobiles. They referred the issues to the WTO because they wanted action to correct these unfair trade practices.
日本は米国、ＥＵとともに、中国のレアアース（希土類）の輸出制限措置や、自動車などを対象にしたアルゼンチンの輸入許可制度についても、不公正措置と問題視し、ＷＴＯに是正を訴えた。
The rise of trade protectionism is detrimental to development of the world economy. Japan has to devise a strategy to cooperate with the United States and European countries, while holding on to the WTO rules as fundamental to promoting the global economy.
保護貿易主義の台頭は、世界経済の発展にマイナスだ。自由貿易推進へ、日本は今後もＷＴＯルールを基本とし、米欧と連携する戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 9, 2013)
（2013年6月9日01時45分 読売新聞）