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2014年03月14日
３・１１の誓い 震災の記憶を防災に生かそう
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 13, 2014
Lessons from 2011 quake must be put to use for Japan and the world
３・１１の誓い 震災の記憶を防災に生かそう（3月12日付・読売社説）
Every possible effort must be made to prevent and mitigate damage from major natural disasters that may strike in the future. It is essential to learn from the many lessons of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, to ensure that our nation is better prepared for natural calamities in the future.
様々な教訓を将来への備えに生かせるよう、防災・減災に全力で取り組まねばならない。
A government-sponsored ceremony in Tokyo paid tribute to the memory of those who died in the 2011 catastrophe on Tuesday. The event was attended by about 1,200 people, including the Emperor and Empress. Also present at the ceremony were the chiefs of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, including Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, along with representatives of the victims’ families and foreign ambassadors to this country. All prayed for the souls of the departed.
政府主催の東日本大震災追悼式が東京で開かれた。天皇、皇后両陛下をはじめ、安倍首相ら三権の長、遺族代表、各国駐日大使ら約１２００人が参列し、犠牲者の冥福を祈った。
Attendants included Mikiko Asanuma, who represented the families of the deceased in Iwate Prefecture. “The pain of those who fell victim [to the earthquake], and the great sorrow and suffering of their families must be conveyed to future generations,” she said in her memorial address at the ceremony.
岩手県遺族代表の浅沼ミキ子さんは、「亡くなった方々の無念さと、その数倍もの遺族の悲しみと悔しさを未来へと語り伝えていかねばなりません」と訴えた。
The prime minister reiterated his determination to see implemented a set of measures that his administration has pursued to render Japan disaster-ready and disaster-resistant. “I take to heart the valuable lessons learned from the ordeal, and I will promote efforts to build a country that can resist and withstand damage from disasters in order to steadfastly defend our people from future disasters,” Abe said before the assembled crowd.
首相は「試練から我々が得た貴重な教訓を胸に刻み、災害から国民を守り抜くため、災害に強い強靱(きょうじん)な国づくりを進める」と述べ、政権が掲げる国土強靱化政策の推進に改めて意欲を示した。
The hurdles are high and numerous. They include making seismic retrofits of existing buildings to make them more quake-resistant and revamping outdated infrastructure. There is also an urgent need to prepare in earnest for disasters that have been forecast, including a quake centered just below the surface of Tokyo or a quake in the Nankai Trough. Either one of these envisaged disasters could strike any day.
建物の耐震化や老朽化した社会資本（インフラ）の更新など、課題は山積している。いつ起きても不思議ではない首都直下地震と南海トラフ巨大地震の対策にも、本腰を入れる必要があろう。
But we must avoid the pointless allocation of massive budgets to nonessential public works projects. What is needed instead is an examination of whether the costs a given project will incur will be worth the benefits derived from it.
ただし、不要不急の公共事業に巨額の予算を投入するようなことがあってはならない。費用対効果の十分な吟味が求められる。
In pursuing improved disaster-resistance, it is important not to limit ourselves to improving the quake resistance of buildings and infrastructure, but to incorporate human expertise, experience and other intangible resources related to disaster management.
ハード面だけでなく、ソフト面のアプローチも大切だ。
Raising public awareness
According to a Cabinet Office survey conducted in late 2013, just over 60 percent of respondents said they had discussed how to cope with disasters with their families in the past one or two years. That figure is nearly double the number from a similar poll taken in 2002.
内閣府が昨年末に実施した防災に関する世論調査によると、この１〜２年に家族らと災害時の対応を話し合った人は、６割強に上っている。２００２年の前回調査と比べると、２倍近くに増えた。
The 2011 disaster did much to raise the public’s awareness of disaster damage prevention. This improvement must be exploited to help make each local community better prepared for disaster management.
東日本大震災後に高まった防災意識を、地域社会の体制作りにつなげることが肝要である。
Learning the skills that can help mitigate disaster damage should start in childhood. We should teach how earthquakes and tsunami are generated and the ways they can strike people and buildings. We should teach people history of their communities, and build awareness of the sorts of of disaster likely to hit their community, and the areas most at risk. This will all require improvements to disaster-mitigation education and evacuation drills.
災害への対応力は、子どもの時から養いたい。地震や津波の仕組みを学び、地域の歴史を調べて、起きやすい災害や危険な場所を知る。それには、防災教育や避難訓練の充実が欠かせない。
People should always be encouraged to recognize the importance of helping one other within their communities in the event of a disaster.
近隣で助け合う「共助」に日頃から心掛けておくべきだろう。
At a House of Councillors Budget Committee session, the prime minister emphasized the importance of imparting this nation’s hard-won knowledge to the rest of the world to promote disaster damage management worldwide. He said in the Diet that doing so “is Japan’s obligation as a nation that received helping hands from so many other countries in the wake of the [2011] great earthquake.”
首相は参院予算委員会で、防災に役立つ知見を世界に発信することが「大震災で多くの国々から支援の手を差し伸べられた日本の責務だ」との認識も示している。
Our nation is extraordinarily prone to such natural calamities as earthquakes, typhoons and landslides due to heavy rainfalls.
日本は、地震や台風、土石流など自然災害が突出して多い。
For years, our nation has offered disaster-damage reduction technologies to less developed countries in the form of official development assistance. The invaluable lessons Japan has learned from the various disasters it has overcome should be put to use to improve diplomatic relations with other countries.
これまでも政府開発援助（ＯＤＡ）で途上国に防災技術を供与してきたが、多様な災害から得た貴重な情報は外交にも生かすべきだ。
In March next year, the United Nations’ third World Conference on Disaster Reduction will be held in Sendai to discuss guidelines for disaster-damage management.
来年３月、仙台市で第３回国連防災世界会議が開かれ、防災政策の指針について話し合う。
Japan should not only lead discussions in the U.N. meeting. It should use the conference as an opportunity to show the rest of the world how far post-quake rehabilitation has come in areas hit by the 2011 catastrophe and demonstrate its efforts to make each community in this country strong and resilient against disaster damage.
日本にとっては、議論を主導するだけでなく、被災地の復興と災害に強い町づくりを国際社会にアピールする場としたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 12, 2014)
（2014年3月12日01時32分 読売新聞）
Lessons from 2011 quake must be put to use for Japan and the world
３・１１の誓い 震災の記憶を防災に生かそう（3月12日付・読売社説）
Every possible effort must be made to prevent and mitigate damage from major natural disasters that may strike in the future. It is essential to learn from the many lessons of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, to ensure that our nation is better prepared for natural calamities in the future.
様々な教訓を将来への備えに生かせるよう、防災・減災に全力で取り組まねばならない。
A government-sponsored ceremony in Tokyo paid tribute to the memory of those who died in the 2011 catastrophe on Tuesday. The event was attended by about 1,200 people, including the Emperor and Empress. Also present at the ceremony were the chiefs of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, including Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, along with representatives of the victims’ families and foreign ambassadors to this country. All prayed for the souls of the departed.
政府主催の東日本大震災追悼式が東京で開かれた。天皇、皇后両陛下をはじめ、安倍首相ら三権の長、遺族代表、各国駐日大使ら約１２００人が参列し、犠牲者の冥福を祈った。
Attendants included Mikiko Asanuma, who represented the families of the deceased in Iwate Prefecture. “The pain of those who fell victim [to the earthquake], and the great sorrow and suffering of their families must be conveyed to future generations,” she said in her memorial address at the ceremony.
岩手県遺族代表の浅沼ミキ子さんは、「亡くなった方々の無念さと、その数倍もの遺族の悲しみと悔しさを未来へと語り伝えていかねばなりません」と訴えた。
The prime minister reiterated his determination to see implemented a set of measures that his administration has pursued to render Japan disaster-ready and disaster-resistant. “I take to heart the valuable lessons learned from the ordeal, and I will promote efforts to build a country that can resist and withstand damage from disasters in order to steadfastly defend our people from future disasters,” Abe said before the assembled crowd.
首相は「試練から我々が得た貴重な教訓を胸に刻み、災害から国民を守り抜くため、災害に強い強靱(きょうじん)な国づくりを進める」と述べ、政権が掲げる国土強靱化政策の推進に改めて意欲を示した。
The hurdles are high and numerous. They include making seismic retrofits of existing buildings to make them more quake-resistant and revamping outdated infrastructure. There is also an urgent need to prepare in earnest for disasters that have been forecast, including a quake centered just below the surface of Tokyo or a quake in the Nankai Trough. Either one of these envisaged disasters could strike any day.
建物の耐震化や老朽化した社会資本（インフラ）の更新など、課題は山積している。いつ起きても不思議ではない首都直下地震と南海トラフ巨大地震の対策にも、本腰を入れる必要があろう。
But we must avoid the pointless allocation of massive budgets to nonessential public works projects. What is needed instead is an examination of whether the costs a given project will incur will be worth the benefits derived from it.
ただし、不要不急の公共事業に巨額の予算を投入するようなことがあってはならない。費用対効果の十分な吟味が求められる。
In pursuing improved disaster-resistance, it is important not to limit ourselves to improving the quake resistance of buildings and infrastructure, but to incorporate human expertise, experience and other intangible resources related to disaster management.
ハード面だけでなく、ソフト面のアプローチも大切だ。
Raising public awareness
According to a Cabinet Office survey conducted in late 2013, just over 60 percent of respondents said they had discussed how to cope with disasters with their families in the past one or two years. That figure is nearly double the number from a similar poll taken in 2002.
内閣府が昨年末に実施した防災に関する世論調査によると、この１〜２年に家族らと災害時の対応を話し合った人は、６割強に上っている。２００２年の前回調査と比べると、２倍近くに増えた。
The 2011 disaster did much to raise the public’s awareness of disaster damage prevention. This improvement must be exploited to help make each local community better prepared for disaster management.
東日本大震災後に高まった防災意識を、地域社会の体制作りにつなげることが肝要である。
Learning the skills that can help mitigate disaster damage should start in childhood. We should teach how earthquakes and tsunami are generated and the ways they can strike people and buildings. We should teach people history of their communities, and build awareness of the sorts of of disaster likely to hit their community, and the areas most at risk. This will all require improvements to disaster-mitigation education and evacuation drills.
災害への対応力は、子どもの時から養いたい。地震や津波の仕組みを学び、地域の歴史を調べて、起きやすい災害や危険な場所を知る。それには、防災教育や避難訓練の充実が欠かせない。
People should always be encouraged to recognize the importance of helping one other within their communities in the event of a disaster.
近隣で助け合う「共助」に日頃から心掛けておくべきだろう。
At a House of Councillors Budget Committee session, the prime minister emphasized the importance of imparting this nation’s hard-won knowledge to the rest of the world to promote disaster damage management worldwide. He said in the Diet that doing so “is Japan’s obligation as a nation that received helping hands from so many other countries in the wake of the [2011] great earthquake.”
首相は参院予算委員会で、防災に役立つ知見を世界に発信することが「大震災で多くの国々から支援の手を差し伸べられた日本の責務だ」との認識も示している。
Our nation is extraordinarily prone to such natural calamities as earthquakes, typhoons and landslides due to heavy rainfalls.
日本は、地震や台風、土石流など自然災害が突出して多い。
For years, our nation has offered disaster-damage reduction technologies to less developed countries in the form of official development assistance. The invaluable lessons Japan has learned from the various disasters it has overcome should be put to use to improve diplomatic relations with other countries.
これまでも政府開発援助（ＯＤＡ）で途上国に防災技術を供与してきたが、多様な災害から得た貴重な情報は外交にも生かすべきだ。
In March next year, the United Nations’ third World Conference on Disaster Reduction will be held in Sendai to discuss guidelines for disaster-damage management.
来年３月、仙台市で第３回国連防災世界会議が開かれ、防災政策の指針について話し合う。
Japan should not only lead discussions in the U.N. meeting. It should use the conference as an opportunity to show the rest of the world how far post-quake rehabilitation has come in areas hit by the 2011 catastrophe and demonstrate its efforts to make each community in this country strong and resilient against disaster damage.
日本にとっては、議論を主導するだけでなく、被災地の復興と災害に強い町づくりを国際社会にアピールする場としたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 12, 2014)
（2014年3月12日01時32分 読売新聞）
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2014年03月13日
復興加速へ 住まいの再建が喫緊の課題だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 11, 2014
Housing reconstruction remains an urgent task 3 years after disaster
復興加速へ 住まいの再建が喫緊の課題だ（3月11日付・読売社説）
◆支援の「格差」是正に目配りを
Today marks the third anniversary of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
東日本大震災から３年を迎えた。
In addition to 18,500 people who died or went missing in the earthquake and ensuing tsunami, disaster-related deaths have continued to rise. As many as 270,000 people are still living as evacuees, while 100,000 are living in prefabricated temporary housing.
１万８５００人の死者・行方不明者に加え、震災関連死も増え続ける。今も２７万人が避難生活を余儀なくされ、プレハブ仮設住宅で暮らす人は１０万人に上る。
It must be stressed anew that all-Japan efforts are needed to assist the disaster victims.
国を挙げて被災者を支援していく。その思いを新たにしたい。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told a news conference Monday that reconstruction is still just “halfway” done. “I am determined to make the people feel reconstruction this year,” Abe said. He announced plans to move people to higher ground in 200 locations and build more than 10,000 housing units by next March.
安倍首相は１０日、復興の現状について「道半ば」との認識を示した。「復興を実感できる１年にする決意だ」とも語り、来年３月までに、２００か所の高台移転や１万戸以上の住宅建設を実現させると表明した。
It is essential to carry out policies steadily to accelerate reconstruction.
政策を着実に実行し、復興の加速につなげることが肝要だ。
Difficulty in land acquisition
◆宅地確保が進まない
To secure stable housing, local governments in the disaster-affected areas are taking such measures as promoting mass moves to higher ground and construction of recovery housing units.
安定した住まいの確保策として被災地の自治体が進めているのが、高台への集団移転や復興住宅建設などである。
The government has come up with a policy to spur housing reconstruction by establishing a system under which measures are discussed by bureau-chief level officials of the government ministries and agencies concerned under the leadership of Takumi Nemoto, state minister for reconstruction. This is praiseworthy, to a degree, as a reinforcement of the Reconstruction Agency’s role as a control tower.
政府は、根本復興相の指揮下で関係省庁の局長級が対応を協議する仕組みを作り、住宅再建の促進策を打ち出してきた。復興庁の司令塔機能強化の具体策として、一定の評価はできよう。
The fact remains, however, that housing lots and reconstruction housing units made available to the disaster survivors in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures as of early February amounted to the equivalent of 985 units, a mere 2.1 percent of the total planned number. Thus, the delay in housing reconstruction is serious.
しかし、岩手、宮城、福島３県で、２月初めまでに被災者に引き渡された宅地や復興住宅は、総計画数の２・１％の９８５戸分に過ぎない。住宅再建の遅れは極めて深刻である。
One reason for that is the difficulty in acquiring land. It takes time to ascertain the rights related to plots of land because their owners are often unknown, posing a significant obstacle for land transactions.
原因の一つは、用地取得の難しさだ。所有者が不明で、権利関係の把握に時間のかかる土地が多いことが、障害になっている。
The Iwate prefectural government has asked the central government to allow starting construction without an owner’s permission in the case of land whose owners are not accounted for. The prefecture did so probably because it felt that only a limited effect can be obtained by implementing the government policies, such as shortening the screening period for land expropriation.
岩手県は、所有者不明の土地の場合、所有者の同意がなくても着工できる制度を設けるよう、政府に要望した。土地収用手続きの審査期間短縮といった政府の対策だけでは、限界があると実感しているのだろう。
Spikes in construction material prices and manpower shortages have further delayed housing projects.
建設資材の高騰や人手不足も、住宅整備の遅れに追い打ちをかけている。
Bidding on contracts to build reconstruction housing has failed time and again.
復興住宅建設などに絡む入札不調も相次いでいる。
The longer housing reconstruction is delayed, the more residents leave, thereby further accelerating the decline of disaster-stricken areas. The government must cope with the situation swiftly and flexibly by listening to the needs of local governments and residents.
住宅の整備が遅れるほど、住民が流出し、被災地は一層衰退してしまう。政府は、地元の要望に耳を傾け、迅速かつ柔軟に対応していくことが大切である。
Consensus needed fast
◆防潮堤合意を急ぎたい
Some communities were indeed protected from the quake-triggered tsunami by seawalls, so the central and local governments have been going ahead with seawall construction plans to prevent future tsunami deaths.
東日本大震災では、防潮堤に守られた集落があった。行政側は、住民を二度と津波の犠牲にしたくないとして、防潮堤の建設計画を進めている。
But residents in some areas are asking for a review of construction plans for seawalls in their communities. Some of the primary objections include the fear that a high seawall could lead to complacency, making people become too dependent on seawalls for safety and lowering their guard against tsunami, and the impact that a high seawall can make on natural scenery.
一方、住民の間には、計画の見直しを求める動きがある。防潮堤に頼り、かえって津波への警戒心が薄れる。高すぎて景観が損なわれる、といった理由からだ。
Abe said: “Residents’ feelings have become gradually settled [compared with immediately following the disaster]. With regards to the review [of the construction plans], the central government needs to consider the plans, while consulting with local governments.”
首相も、震災直後に比べて「住民の気持ちがだんだん落ち着いてきた。今後、見直しについて、国も自治体と相談しながら考えていく必要がある」と述べた。
In some districts, a compromise between residents and local governments has been reached over seawall plans by relocating the building site of a seawall to a higher, inland ground, allowing a decrease in the height of the seawall corresponding to the elevation.
防潮堤の場所を、標高の高い内陸側に移し、その分、高さを抑えることで折り合った地区もある。
Because the height of seawall construction is closely tied to the specifics of community reconstruction plans, including the location and extent of work to raise elevations in disaster-hit areas, local governments and residents should expedite their efforts to negotiate.
防潮堤の高さは、被災地のかさ上げの範囲など、地域の再興計画とも密接に関わるだけに、自治体と住民は協議を急ぐべきだ。
Compared with Iwate and Miyagi prefectures, post-disaster reconstruction in Fukushima Prefecture has been much delayed. In areas near Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No.1 nuclear power station, there are districts where even the removal of debris has made almost no progress.
岩手、宮城両県に比べ、福島県は復興の遅れが目立つ。東京電力福島第一原発周辺では、がれきの処理さえ進まない地域がある。
The government’s new guidelines on the reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture, made public in December, shift from the previous policy of “eventually having all those who were forced to live as evacuees return home” to include for the first time support measures for evacuees who have decided to live elsewhere than their hometown.
政府が昨年１２月に公表した福島復興の新指針は、これまでの「全員帰還」の方針を転換し、古里以外で住居を設けることにした避難者への支援策を初めて盛り込んだ。
In municipalities with districts that have unclear prospects for decontamination, and that have been deemed difficult for former residents to return to, a growing number of residents have chosen not to return to their original homes. The new guidelines do right by incorporating such ideas and facing up to reality.
除染の見通しが立たない帰還困難区域を抱える自治体などでは、元の家に戻らないと決めた住民も増えている。新指針は、そうした現実を直視した妥当な内容である。
Compensation from TEPCO has opened a separate and worrisome rift between residents who have received payment and those who have not. Residents are also divided over the amount of compensation they are receiving.
気がかりなのは、東電からの賠償金の有無や額を巡り、住民の間に溝が生まれていることだ。
In some cases, compensation amounts have differed among residents, even though their houses are located near the crippled power plant, with only small differences in distance. It is quite natural for residents to feel unconvinced. If sizable differences in the assistance distributed to residents exist, emotional conflicts could arise among them.
福島第一原発からのわずかな距離の違いで、受給額などに差が出るケースがある。住民が割り切れない思いを抱くのも無理はない。住民への支援に大きな格差が生じれば、感情的な対立までもが引き起こされる。
Long delays in Fukushima
◆遅れ目立つ福島の再生
Central and local governments must cooperate and hammer out measures that can relieve the sense of unfairness among them as much as possible.
政府と自治体が連携し、住民の不公平感を少しでも解消する方策を検討せねばならない。
In Fukushima Prefecture, incumbent mayors were defeated one after another in mayoral elections held last year in Koriyama, Iwaki and Fukushima cities. Their defeats are said to have stemmed from the voters’ demand for change, as residents seemed to be gripped by a feeling of helplessness over the poor progress made in reconstruction.
福島県では昨年、郡山、いわき、福島の３市長選などで現職が相次ぎ落選した。復興が進まないことによる閉塞感から、有権者が変化を求めた結果とみられている。
Residents were instructed to evacuate 11 cities, towns and villages. On April 1, evacuation instructions will be lifted for the first time for one district in the city of Tamura where the radiation level has declined thanks to the decontamination efforts. The lifting of evacuation instructions is a new step forward in post-disaster reconstruction.
１１市町村に及ぶ避難指示区域のうち、除染の効果で放射線量が低減した田村市の対象地域で、来月１日、初めて避難指示が解除される。復興に向けた新たな一歩と言えるだろう。
If the people of Tamura are able to bring their daily lives back on track, it will give hope to others in the prefecture.
帰還者の生活が軌道に乗れば、福島の人々に希望を与えよう。
The reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture is essential to move forward beyond the ravages of the quake and tsunami.
震災の惨禍を乗り越えるには、福島の復興が不可欠である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 11, 2014)
（2014年3月11日01時05分 読売新聞）
Housing reconstruction remains an urgent task 3 years after disaster
復興加速へ 住まいの再建が喫緊の課題だ（3月11日付・読売社説）
◆支援の「格差」是正に目配りを
Today marks the third anniversary of the Great East Japan Earthquake.
東日本大震災から３年を迎えた。
In addition to 18,500 people who died or went missing in the earthquake and ensuing tsunami, disaster-related deaths have continued to rise. As many as 270,000 people are still living as evacuees, while 100,000 are living in prefabricated temporary housing.
１万８５００人の死者・行方不明者に加え、震災関連死も増え続ける。今も２７万人が避難生活を余儀なくされ、プレハブ仮設住宅で暮らす人は１０万人に上る。
It must be stressed anew that all-Japan efforts are needed to assist the disaster victims.
国を挙げて被災者を支援していく。その思いを新たにしたい。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told a news conference Monday that reconstruction is still just “halfway” done. “I am determined to make the people feel reconstruction this year,” Abe said. He announced plans to move people to higher ground in 200 locations and build more than 10,000 housing units by next March.
安倍首相は１０日、復興の現状について「道半ば」との認識を示した。「復興を実感できる１年にする決意だ」とも語り、来年３月までに、２００か所の高台移転や１万戸以上の住宅建設を実現させると表明した。
It is essential to carry out policies steadily to accelerate reconstruction.
政策を着実に実行し、復興の加速につなげることが肝要だ。
Difficulty in land acquisition
◆宅地確保が進まない
To secure stable housing, local governments in the disaster-affected areas are taking such measures as promoting mass moves to higher ground and construction of recovery housing units.
安定した住まいの確保策として被災地の自治体が進めているのが、高台への集団移転や復興住宅建設などである。
The government has come up with a policy to spur housing reconstruction by establishing a system under which measures are discussed by bureau-chief level officials of the government ministries and agencies concerned under the leadership of Takumi Nemoto, state minister for reconstruction. This is praiseworthy, to a degree, as a reinforcement of the Reconstruction Agency’s role as a control tower.
政府は、根本復興相の指揮下で関係省庁の局長級が対応を協議する仕組みを作り、住宅再建の促進策を打ち出してきた。復興庁の司令塔機能強化の具体策として、一定の評価はできよう。
The fact remains, however, that housing lots and reconstruction housing units made available to the disaster survivors in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures as of early February amounted to the equivalent of 985 units, a mere 2.1 percent of the total planned number. Thus, the delay in housing reconstruction is serious.
しかし、岩手、宮城、福島３県で、２月初めまでに被災者に引き渡された宅地や復興住宅は、総計画数の２・１％の９８５戸分に過ぎない。住宅再建の遅れは極めて深刻である。
One reason for that is the difficulty in acquiring land. It takes time to ascertain the rights related to plots of land because their owners are often unknown, posing a significant obstacle for land transactions.
原因の一つは、用地取得の難しさだ。所有者が不明で、権利関係の把握に時間のかかる土地が多いことが、障害になっている。
The Iwate prefectural government has asked the central government to allow starting construction without an owner’s permission in the case of land whose owners are not accounted for. The prefecture did so probably because it felt that only a limited effect can be obtained by implementing the government policies, such as shortening the screening period for land expropriation.
岩手県は、所有者不明の土地の場合、所有者の同意がなくても着工できる制度を設けるよう、政府に要望した。土地収用手続きの審査期間短縮といった政府の対策だけでは、限界があると実感しているのだろう。
Spikes in construction material prices and manpower shortages have further delayed housing projects.
建設資材の高騰や人手不足も、住宅整備の遅れに追い打ちをかけている。
Bidding on contracts to build reconstruction housing has failed time and again.
復興住宅建設などに絡む入札不調も相次いでいる。
The longer housing reconstruction is delayed, the more residents leave, thereby further accelerating the decline of disaster-stricken areas. The government must cope with the situation swiftly and flexibly by listening to the needs of local governments and residents.
住宅の整備が遅れるほど、住民が流出し、被災地は一層衰退してしまう。政府は、地元の要望に耳を傾け、迅速かつ柔軟に対応していくことが大切である。
Consensus needed fast
◆防潮堤合意を急ぎたい
Some communities were indeed protected from the quake-triggered tsunami by seawalls, so the central and local governments have been going ahead with seawall construction plans to prevent future tsunami deaths.
東日本大震災では、防潮堤に守られた集落があった。行政側は、住民を二度と津波の犠牲にしたくないとして、防潮堤の建設計画を進めている。
But residents in some areas are asking for a review of construction plans for seawalls in their communities. Some of the primary objections include the fear that a high seawall could lead to complacency, making people become too dependent on seawalls for safety and lowering their guard against tsunami, and the impact that a high seawall can make on natural scenery.
一方、住民の間には、計画の見直しを求める動きがある。防潮堤に頼り、かえって津波への警戒心が薄れる。高すぎて景観が損なわれる、といった理由からだ。
Abe said: “Residents’ feelings have become gradually settled [compared with immediately following the disaster]. With regards to the review [of the construction plans], the central government needs to consider the plans, while consulting with local governments.”
首相も、震災直後に比べて「住民の気持ちがだんだん落ち着いてきた。今後、見直しについて、国も自治体と相談しながら考えていく必要がある」と述べた。
In some districts, a compromise between residents and local governments has been reached over seawall plans by relocating the building site of a seawall to a higher, inland ground, allowing a decrease in the height of the seawall corresponding to the elevation.
防潮堤の場所を、標高の高い内陸側に移し、その分、高さを抑えることで折り合った地区もある。
Because the height of seawall construction is closely tied to the specifics of community reconstruction plans, including the location and extent of work to raise elevations in disaster-hit areas, local governments and residents should expedite their efforts to negotiate.
防潮堤の高さは、被災地のかさ上げの範囲など、地域の再興計画とも密接に関わるだけに、自治体と住民は協議を急ぐべきだ。
Compared with Iwate and Miyagi prefectures, post-disaster reconstruction in Fukushima Prefecture has been much delayed. In areas near Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No.1 nuclear power station, there are districts where even the removal of debris has made almost no progress.
岩手、宮城両県に比べ、福島県は復興の遅れが目立つ。東京電力福島第一原発周辺では、がれきの処理さえ進まない地域がある。
The government’s new guidelines on the reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture, made public in December, shift from the previous policy of “eventually having all those who were forced to live as evacuees return home” to include for the first time support measures for evacuees who have decided to live elsewhere than their hometown.
政府が昨年１２月に公表した福島復興の新指針は、これまでの「全員帰還」の方針を転換し、古里以外で住居を設けることにした避難者への支援策を初めて盛り込んだ。
In municipalities with districts that have unclear prospects for decontamination, and that have been deemed difficult for former residents to return to, a growing number of residents have chosen not to return to their original homes. The new guidelines do right by incorporating such ideas and facing up to reality.
除染の見通しが立たない帰還困難区域を抱える自治体などでは、元の家に戻らないと決めた住民も増えている。新指針は、そうした現実を直視した妥当な内容である。
Compensation from TEPCO has opened a separate and worrisome rift between residents who have received payment and those who have not. Residents are also divided over the amount of compensation they are receiving.
気がかりなのは、東電からの賠償金の有無や額を巡り、住民の間に溝が生まれていることだ。
In some cases, compensation amounts have differed among residents, even though their houses are located near the crippled power plant, with only small differences in distance. It is quite natural for residents to feel unconvinced. If sizable differences in the assistance distributed to residents exist, emotional conflicts could arise among them.
福島第一原発からのわずかな距離の違いで、受給額などに差が出るケースがある。住民が割り切れない思いを抱くのも無理はない。住民への支援に大きな格差が生じれば、感情的な対立までもが引き起こされる。
Long delays in Fukushima
◆遅れ目立つ福島の再生
Central and local governments must cooperate and hammer out measures that can relieve the sense of unfairness among them as much as possible.
政府と自治体が連携し、住民の不公平感を少しでも解消する方策を検討せねばならない。
In Fukushima Prefecture, incumbent mayors were defeated one after another in mayoral elections held last year in Koriyama, Iwaki and Fukushima cities. Their defeats are said to have stemmed from the voters’ demand for change, as residents seemed to be gripped by a feeling of helplessness over the poor progress made in reconstruction.
福島県では昨年、郡山、いわき、福島の３市長選などで現職が相次ぎ落選した。復興が進まないことによる閉塞感から、有権者が変化を求めた結果とみられている。
Residents were instructed to evacuate 11 cities, towns and villages. On April 1, evacuation instructions will be lifted for the first time for one district in the city of Tamura where the radiation level has declined thanks to the decontamination efforts. The lifting of evacuation instructions is a new step forward in post-disaster reconstruction.
１１市町村に及ぶ避難指示区域のうち、除染の効果で放射線量が低減した田村市の対象地域で、来月１日、初めて避難指示が解除される。復興に向けた新たな一歩と言えるだろう。
If the people of Tamura are able to bring their daily lives back on track, it will give hope to others in the prefecture.
帰還者の生活が軌道に乗れば、福島の人々に希望を与えよう。
The reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture is essential to move forward beyond the ravages of the quake and tsunami.
震災の惨禍を乗り越えるには、福島の復興が不可欠である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 11, 2014)
（2014年3月11日01時05分 読売新聞）
2014年03月12日
被災地の教育 心のケアはこれから正念場だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 10, 2014
Need for mental care for children in disaster areas facing crucial phase
被災地の教育 心のケアはこれから正念場だ（3月10日付・読売社説）
In areas devastated by the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami, many children suffer anxiety disorders for such reasons as the deaths of relatives in the disaster and subsequent drastic changes to their living conditions.
東日本大震災の被災地では、肉親との死別や生活環境の変化などから、心に不安を抱える子供が少なくない。
It took three years after the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake for the number of primary and middle school students requiring psychological care in connection with the earthquake to peak, and so the need to provide children affected by the March 2011 calamity with such mental care is entering a critical phase.
１９９５年の阪神大震災の３年後に、精神面の配慮が必要な小中学生の数がピークとなったことを考えると、これからが心のケアの正念場と言える。
According to a survey by a Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry study team, which released its findings earlier this month, about 30 percent of children in the three Tohoku prefectures of Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima aged 3 to 5 at the time of the disaster exhibited symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, such as flashbacks of their horrific experiences.
今月発表された厚生労働省研究班の調査結果によると、岩手、宮城、福島の東北３県で３〜５歳の時に震災を経験した子供の３割に、怖い体験がよみがえるといった心的外傷後ストレス障害（ＰＴＳＤ）の症状がみられた。
The more painful events a child has experienced, such as witnessing his or her home being swept away by tsunami and losing friends, the more likely the child is to show PTSD symptoms, according to an analysis of the findings.
津波で家屋が流されるのを目撃したり、友達を亡くしたりするなどのつらい体験を多く経た子供ほど、ＰＴＳＤの症状が出やすいと分析している。
Many children are under great stress because they suppress their sadness and other disaster-related feelings out of consideration for people around them.
周囲に気兼ねして、悲しみなどの感情を抑え込み、ストレスをためる子供も多いとされる。
It is extremely important for homeroom teachers as well as school nurses to be mindful of the well-being of the students by creating a classroom atmosphere in which they can confide their worries to teachers. If a child is suspected of developing psychological anomalies, it may be necessary for the problem to be diagnosed by a medical institution.
担任の教師や養護教諭が、日頃から子供たちの様子に目を配り、子供が悩みを打ち明けやすい雰囲気を作ることが大切だ。心の変調が疑われる場合には、医療機関に診断を求める必要もあろう。
The truancy that has become conspicuous at schools in the disaster areas is also worrisome.
被災地で、不登校が顕在化していることも問題だ。
Power of neighborhoods
According to a survey recently conducted by The Yomiuri Shimbun in 42 cities, towns and villages in the coastal regions of the three disaster-struck prefectures and in the vicinity of Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, 2,414 students enrolled at publicly operated primary and middle schools refused to go to school during the school year that ended on March 31, 2013. That was an increase of 76 from the figure just before the disaster.
読売新聞が東北３県の沿岸部や東京電力福島第一原子力発電所周辺の４２市町村を調べたところ、２０１２年度に不登校となった公立小中学校の子供は２４１４人で、震災前より７６人増えた。
About half the municipalities surveyed cited the impact of the earthquake and the nuclear crisis at the TEPCO plant as reasons behind the rise in truancy. Some students reportedly were distressed about attending school after being repeatedly shunted from one place to another because of the nuclear crisis.
原因として、震災や原発事故の影響を挙げている市町村が約半数にのぼった。原発事故で避難を繰り返すうちに、学校に通う気力をなくした子もいるという。
The Yomiuri Shimbun survey’s findings are particularly disturbing, given that truancy has declined on a nationwide basis.
全国的に見ると、不登校の小中学生は減少傾向にあるだけに、気がかりな結果である。
Children’s parents and other guardians in the disaster areas are often on the verge of a nervous breakdown because of the instability of their livelihoods.
生活が安定しない被災地の保護者は、精神的な余裕をなくしがちだ。
Both the central and local governments should improve counseling arrangements through such steps as increasing school social workers, who would visit children’s homes and help improve living environments.
子供の家庭を訪問し、環境改善を図るスクールソーシャルワーカーの増員など相談体制の強化が、国や自治体に求められる。
As they have spent a long time living in temporary housing with little floor space, many children have difficulty finding sufficient time to study at home.
手狭な仮設住宅の暮らしが長期化する中、家庭学習の時間が確保しづらいという傾向もある。
In the town of Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture, the nonprofit organization Katariba has been running Onagawa Kogakukan, an after-school tutoring course in cooperation with the local board of education. About 30 percent of the town’s primary and middle school students attend.
宮城県女川町では、ＮＰＯ法人「カタリバ」が教育委員会と協力して、放課後の学習塾「女川向学館」を運営している。町の小中学生の約３割が通ってくる。
Instructors at Onagawa Kogaku- kan, including a former lecturer at a preparatory school, inform the children’s guardians and their schoolteachers about what the children are learning there. This undertaking seems to be designed to help improve disaster-affected children’s scholastic abilities on the strength of the collective effort of local neighborhoods.
塾の中で子供たちがどのように学習しているかを、指導役の元塾講師らが学校の教師や保護者にも伝えている。地域ぐるみで学力向上を図る仕組みだ。
Cooperation between the government and public sectors should be encouraged to ensure a good learning environment for children.
官民の連携で、こうした試みを継続し、学習環境を整えたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 10, 2014)
（2014年3月10日00時55分 読売新聞）
Need for mental care for children in disaster areas facing crucial phase
被災地の教育 心のケアはこれから正念場だ（3月10日付・読売社説）
In areas devastated by the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami, many children suffer anxiety disorders for such reasons as the deaths of relatives in the disaster and subsequent drastic changes to their living conditions.
東日本大震災の被災地では、肉親との死別や生活環境の変化などから、心に不安を抱える子供が少なくない。
It took three years after the 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake for the number of primary and middle school students requiring psychological care in connection with the earthquake to peak, and so the need to provide children affected by the March 2011 calamity with such mental care is entering a critical phase.
１９９５年の阪神大震災の３年後に、精神面の配慮が必要な小中学生の数がピークとなったことを考えると、これからが心のケアの正念場と言える。
According to a survey by a Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry study team, which released its findings earlier this month, about 30 percent of children in the three Tohoku prefectures of Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima aged 3 to 5 at the time of the disaster exhibited symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, such as flashbacks of their horrific experiences.
今月発表された厚生労働省研究班の調査結果によると、岩手、宮城、福島の東北３県で３〜５歳の時に震災を経験した子供の３割に、怖い体験がよみがえるといった心的外傷後ストレス障害（ＰＴＳＤ）の症状がみられた。
The more painful events a child has experienced, such as witnessing his or her home being swept away by tsunami and losing friends, the more likely the child is to show PTSD symptoms, according to an analysis of the findings.
津波で家屋が流されるのを目撃したり、友達を亡くしたりするなどのつらい体験を多く経た子供ほど、ＰＴＳＤの症状が出やすいと分析している。
Many children are under great stress because they suppress their sadness and other disaster-related feelings out of consideration for people around them.
周囲に気兼ねして、悲しみなどの感情を抑え込み、ストレスをためる子供も多いとされる。
It is extremely important for homeroom teachers as well as school nurses to be mindful of the well-being of the students by creating a classroom atmosphere in which they can confide their worries to teachers. If a child is suspected of developing psychological anomalies, it may be necessary for the problem to be diagnosed by a medical institution.
担任の教師や養護教諭が、日頃から子供たちの様子に目を配り、子供が悩みを打ち明けやすい雰囲気を作ることが大切だ。心の変調が疑われる場合には、医療機関に診断を求める必要もあろう。
The truancy that has become conspicuous at schools in the disaster areas is also worrisome.
被災地で、不登校が顕在化していることも問題だ。
Power of neighborhoods
According to a survey recently conducted by The Yomiuri Shimbun in 42 cities, towns and villages in the coastal regions of the three disaster-struck prefectures and in the vicinity of Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, 2,414 students enrolled at publicly operated primary and middle schools refused to go to school during the school year that ended on March 31, 2013. That was an increase of 76 from the figure just before the disaster.
読売新聞が東北３県の沿岸部や東京電力福島第一原子力発電所周辺の４２市町村を調べたところ、２０１２年度に不登校となった公立小中学校の子供は２４１４人で、震災前より７６人増えた。
About half the municipalities surveyed cited the impact of the earthquake and the nuclear crisis at the TEPCO plant as reasons behind the rise in truancy. Some students reportedly were distressed about attending school after being repeatedly shunted from one place to another because of the nuclear crisis.
原因として、震災や原発事故の影響を挙げている市町村が約半数にのぼった。原発事故で避難を繰り返すうちに、学校に通う気力をなくした子もいるという。
The Yomiuri Shimbun survey’s findings are particularly disturbing, given that truancy has declined on a nationwide basis.
全国的に見ると、不登校の小中学生は減少傾向にあるだけに、気がかりな結果である。
Children’s parents and other guardians in the disaster areas are often on the verge of a nervous breakdown because of the instability of their livelihoods.
生活が安定しない被災地の保護者は、精神的な余裕をなくしがちだ。
Both the central and local governments should improve counseling arrangements through such steps as increasing school social workers, who would visit children’s homes and help improve living environments.
子供の家庭を訪問し、環境改善を図るスクールソーシャルワーカーの増員など相談体制の強化が、国や自治体に求められる。
As they have spent a long time living in temporary housing with little floor space, many children have difficulty finding sufficient time to study at home.
手狭な仮設住宅の暮らしが長期化する中、家庭学習の時間が確保しづらいという傾向もある。
In the town of Onagawa, Miyagi Prefecture, the nonprofit organization Katariba has been running Onagawa Kogakukan, an after-school tutoring course in cooperation with the local board of education. About 30 percent of the town’s primary and middle school students attend.
宮城県女川町では、ＮＰＯ法人「カタリバ」が教育委員会と協力して、放課後の学習塾「女川向学館」を運営している。町の小中学生の約３割が通ってくる。
Instructors at Onagawa Kogaku- kan, including a former lecturer at a preparatory school, inform the children’s guardians and their schoolteachers about what the children are learning there. This undertaking seems to be designed to help improve disaster-affected children’s scholastic abilities on the strength of the collective effort of local neighborhoods.
塾の中で子供たちがどのように学習しているかを、指導役の元塾講師らが学校の教師や保護者にも伝えている。地域ぐるみで学力向上を図る仕組みだ。
Cooperation between the government and public sectors should be encouraged to ensure a good learning environment for children.
官民の連携で、こうした試みを継続し、学習環境を整えたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 10, 2014)
（2014年3月10日00時55分 読売新聞）
2014年03月11日
集団的自衛権 行使容認へ与党の議論深めよ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 09, 2014
LDP should have in-depth talks on collective right to self-defense
集団的自衛権 行使容認へ与党の議論深めよ（3月9日付・読売社説）
As a first step toward reviewing the government’s current constitutional interpretation to enable the country to exercise its right to collective self-defense, it is crucial for the ruling Liberal Democratic Party to accelerate intraparty discussions to develop a common perception and consensus among party members.
集団的自衛権の行使の容認を実現するため、まずは与党内で大いに議論し、共通理解と合意を形成することが大切だ。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe last week told LDP Secretary General Shigeru Ishiba and other senior officials to hold in-depth discussions with the party’s coalition partner, New Komeito, with an eye on seeking Cabinet approval to revise the constitutional interpretation on the right to collective self-defense.
安倍首相が自民党の石破幹事長らに対し、集団的自衛権に関する憲法解釈の変更の閣議決定に向けて自民、公明両党内の調整を本格化するよう指示した。
The LDP will hold an unofficial meeting of its General Council members later this month, in addition to a study session open to all party members.
自民党は月内に総務懇談会や、全議員対象の勉強会を開く。
The Advisory Panel on Reconstruction of the Legal Basis for Security is scheduled to release a report next month, after which the ruling camp is expected to start discussions on revising the constitutional interpretation on the right to collective self-defense.
４月に予定される政府の有識者会議の報告後には、解釈変更に関する与党協議が始まる見通しだ。
Abe and Ishiba are among LDP members who favor the revision, while others remain skeptical. Komeito takes an even more cautious stance.
首相や石破氏らは解釈変更に前向きだが、自民党の一部には消極論もある。公明党は、より慎重だ。
Yoshio Urushibara, chairman of Komeito’s Diet Affairs Committee, has criticized Abe, saying: “In expressing his views, the prime minister fails to consider a most important element−listening to the voices of the public. We can’t agree with him.”
漆原良夫国会対策委員長は「首相の考えは『国民の声を聴く』という一番大切な部分が欠落しており、賛成できない」と主張する。
Some Komeito members insist that Cabinet approval should be put off. However, it is unreasonable for the party to try to postpone a decision on this issue before talks have even started.
公明党には閣議決定の見送り論があるが、最初から結論の先送りを図るのはおかしい。
How can Japan maintain the nation’s peace and prosperity in the face of the deteriorating security environment? Komeito should take a positive stance in holding discussions on the right to collective self-defense.
日本の安全保障環境が悪化する中、いかに平和と繁栄を維持するか。この観点から前向きな議論をすべきだ。
It is not problematic for the government to review its current constitutional interpretation on the matter after taking steps in the right direction−which include ensuring consistency with past government views and seeking Cabinet approval.
政府が、過去の見解との論理的整合性を取り、閣議決定などの手続きをきちんと踏んで、解釈を見直すことに何ら問題はない。
Avoid misconceptions
However, it is important for the LDP to hold in-depth intraparty discussions to avoid misconceptions that the government planned to review its constitutional interpretation on the basis of decisions taken by a limited number of officials. These efforts will promote public understanding about why the current government constitutional interpretation should be reviewed and that the steps needed to carry out the process are justified.
ただ、一部の独断で解釈を変更するかのような誤解を招かないためには、与党内での徹底した議論が欠かせない。それが、解釈変更の必要性や正当性への国民の理解を広げることにつながろう。
We hope Abe and Ishiba will exercise leadership in this respect.
首相や石破氏は、積極的に論議を主導してもらいたい。
Shinichi Kitaoka, acting chairman of the government-appointed expert panel, has set five conditions to allow Japan to exercise the right to collective self-defense. For example, it should be exercised only when a nation with which Japan has close ties comes under attack and when the nation’s security would be seriously threatened if Japan did not do anything for a particular situation.
有識者会議の北岡伸一座長代理は、集団的自衛権の行使に必要な５条件を示している。「密接な関係にある国への攻撃」「放置すれば日本の安全に大きな影響が出る」
Two other conditions cited by Kitaoka were obtaining Diet approval first and receiving a request for Japan’s help when that country came under attack.
「当該国からの明確な要請」「国会承認」などだ。
We believe these conditions are reasonable. The most important condition is that Japan’s right to collective self-defense should be exercised when the nation’s security is seriously threatened if Japan did not do anything for a particular situation.
妥当な内容である。特に重要なのが「放置すれば日本の安全に大きな影響が出る」との条件だ。
Japan has been able to maintain its security since the end of the World War II mainly because of its alliance with the United States. Under the government’s current constitutional interpretation on its right to collective self-defense, however, Japan would not be able to help even if a U.S. warship came under attack in international waters. The Japan-U.S. alliance would collapse if Japan were confronted by such an event.
日本が戦後、自国の安全を確保できたのは日米同盟に負う部分が大きい。だが、米軍艦船が公海上で攻撃されても、現行の憲法解釈では、日本は「放置」するしかない。実際にそんな事態に直面すれば、同盟関係は崩壊しかねない。
Japan should not remain aloof if the United States or any other country comes under attack. Under a revised constitutional interpretation, even if Japan acted in such a situation, this action would not be deemed as exceeding the “minimum action necessary” to defend the nation, as permitted under the Constitution.
米国などが攻撃され、日本として「放置」できない事態は、起こり得る。その際の日本の反撃は、憲法の認める「必要最小限の実力行使」の範囲内にとどまる、という新解釈は十分成り立とう。
Needless to say, it is necessary to take steps to prevent the right to collective self-defense from being abused. It is time for the LDP to launch in-depth discussions on when the right to collective self-defense should be exercised and how to put a brake on it.
無論、集団的自衛権の際限のない拡大は防ぐ必要がある。どんな場合に行使を可能にし、どう歯止めをかけるのか。与党は、そうした具体論を始める時である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 9, 2014)
（2014年3月9日01時22分 読売新聞）
LDP should have in-depth talks on collective right to self-defense
集団的自衛権 行使容認へ与党の議論深めよ（3月9日付・読売社説）
As a first step toward reviewing the government’s current constitutional interpretation to enable the country to exercise its right to collective self-defense, it is crucial for the ruling Liberal Democratic Party to accelerate intraparty discussions to develop a common perception and consensus among party members.
集団的自衛権の行使の容認を実現するため、まずは与党内で大いに議論し、共通理解と合意を形成することが大切だ。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe last week told LDP Secretary General Shigeru Ishiba and other senior officials to hold in-depth discussions with the party’s coalition partner, New Komeito, with an eye on seeking Cabinet approval to revise the constitutional interpretation on the right to collective self-defense.
安倍首相が自民党の石破幹事長らに対し、集団的自衛権に関する憲法解釈の変更の閣議決定に向けて自民、公明両党内の調整を本格化するよう指示した。
The LDP will hold an unofficial meeting of its General Council members later this month, in addition to a study session open to all party members.
自民党は月内に総務懇談会や、全議員対象の勉強会を開く。
The Advisory Panel on Reconstruction of the Legal Basis for Security is scheduled to release a report next month, after which the ruling camp is expected to start discussions on revising the constitutional interpretation on the right to collective self-defense.
４月に予定される政府の有識者会議の報告後には、解釈変更に関する与党協議が始まる見通しだ。
Abe and Ishiba are among LDP members who favor the revision, while others remain skeptical. Komeito takes an even more cautious stance.
首相や石破氏らは解釈変更に前向きだが、自民党の一部には消極論もある。公明党は、より慎重だ。
Yoshio Urushibara, chairman of Komeito’s Diet Affairs Committee, has criticized Abe, saying: “In expressing his views, the prime minister fails to consider a most important element−listening to the voices of the public. We can’t agree with him.”
漆原良夫国会対策委員長は「首相の考えは『国民の声を聴く』という一番大切な部分が欠落しており、賛成できない」と主張する。
Some Komeito members insist that Cabinet approval should be put off. However, it is unreasonable for the party to try to postpone a decision on this issue before talks have even started.
公明党には閣議決定の見送り論があるが、最初から結論の先送りを図るのはおかしい。
How can Japan maintain the nation’s peace and prosperity in the face of the deteriorating security environment? Komeito should take a positive stance in holding discussions on the right to collective self-defense.
日本の安全保障環境が悪化する中、いかに平和と繁栄を維持するか。この観点から前向きな議論をすべきだ。
It is not problematic for the government to review its current constitutional interpretation on the matter after taking steps in the right direction−which include ensuring consistency with past government views and seeking Cabinet approval.
政府が、過去の見解との論理的整合性を取り、閣議決定などの手続きをきちんと踏んで、解釈を見直すことに何ら問題はない。
Avoid misconceptions
However, it is important for the LDP to hold in-depth intraparty discussions to avoid misconceptions that the government planned to review its constitutional interpretation on the basis of decisions taken by a limited number of officials. These efforts will promote public understanding about why the current government constitutional interpretation should be reviewed and that the steps needed to carry out the process are justified.
ただ、一部の独断で解釈を変更するかのような誤解を招かないためには、与党内での徹底した議論が欠かせない。それが、解釈変更の必要性や正当性への国民の理解を広げることにつながろう。
We hope Abe and Ishiba will exercise leadership in this respect.
首相や石破氏は、積極的に論議を主導してもらいたい。
Shinichi Kitaoka, acting chairman of the government-appointed expert panel, has set five conditions to allow Japan to exercise the right to collective self-defense. For example, it should be exercised only when a nation with which Japan has close ties comes under attack and when the nation’s security would be seriously threatened if Japan did not do anything for a particular situation.
有識者会議の北岡伸一座長代理は、集団的自衛権の行使に必要な５条件を示している。「密接な関係にある国への攻撃」「放置すれば日本の安全に大きな影響が出る」
Two other conditions cited by Kitaoka were obtaining Diet approval first and receiving a request for Japan’s help when that country came under attack.
「当該国からの明確な要請」「国会承認」などだ。
We believe these conditions are reasonable. The most important condition is that Japan’s right to collective self-defense should be exercised when the nation’s security is seriously threatened if Japan did not do anything for a particular situation.
妥当な内容である。特に重要なのが「放置すれば日本の安全に大きな影響が出る」との条件だ。
Japan has been able to maintain its security since the end of the World War II mainly because of its alliance with the United States. Under the government’s current constitutional interpretation on its right to collective self-defense, however, Japan would not be able to help even if a U.S. warship came under attack in international waters. The Japan-U.S. alliance would collapse if Japan were confronted by such an event.
日本が戦後、自国の安全を確保できたのは日米同盟に負う部分が大きい。だが、米軍艦船が公海上で攻撃されても、現行の憲法解釈では、日本は「放置」するしかない。実際にそんな事態に直面すれば、同盟関係は崩壊しかねない。
Japan should not remain aloof if the United States or any other country comes under attack. Under a revised constitutional interpretation, even if Japan acted in such a situation, this action would not be deemed as exceeding the “minimum action necessary” to defend the nation, as permitted under the Constitution.
米国などが攻撃され、日本として「放置」できない事態は、起こり得る。その際の日本の反撃は、憲法の認める「必要最小限の実力行使」の範囲内にとどまる、という新解釈は十分成り立とう。
Needless to say, it is necessary to take steps to prevent the right to collective self-defense from being abused. It is time for the LDP to launch in-depth discussions on when the right to collective self-defense should be exercised and how to put a brake on it.
無論、集団的自衛権の際限のない拡大は防ぐ必要がある。どんな場合に行使を可能にし、どう歯止めをかけるのか。与党は、そうした具体論を始める時である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 9, 2014)
（2014年3月9日01時22分 読売新聞）
2014年03月10日
中間貯蔵施設 「２町集約」で早期完成目指せ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 08, 2014
Construct facilities to store N-waste to get decontamination work on track
中間貯蔵施設 「２町集約」で早期完成目指せ（3月8日付・読売社説）
Constructing interim facilities for the bulk storage of radioactive waste is key to quickly pushing forward with the reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture.
福島の復興を加速させるカギとなるのが、放射性物質に汚染された廃棄物を一括保管する中間貯蔵施設の建設だ。
It is indispensable for the Environment Ministry to give thorough explanations to local residents about why such facilities are needed and what kinds of safety measures will be taken, and finish building the storage sites as soon as possible.
環境省は地元住民に必要性や安全対策を丁寧に説明し、早期完成を図る必要がある。
The facilities will store soil contaminated by the crisis at Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, and ash from burning contaminated items. They will accommodate enough waste to fill Tokyo Dome more than 20 times. The government has decided to procure \1.1 trillion in construction costs from part of revenues from the promotion of power-resource development tax.
中間貯蔵施設に搬入するのは、東京電力福島第一原子力発電所の事故により汚染された土や焼却灰だ。最大で東京ドーム２０杯分以上の廃棄物を保管する。政府は１・１兆円の建設費に電源開発促進税を充てることを決めている。
Contaminated soil removed during decontamination work and other waste is now being stored at temporary sites at municipalities across the prefecture. As there has been no progress in the plan to construct the facilities, contaminated waste is stuck at the temporary sites. In addition, such sites are in short supply.
除染作業で除去された汚染土などは現在、県内各地の仮置き場で保管されている。中間貯蔵施設の建設が前に進まないため、仮置き場から動かせない。仮置き場も不足している。
As the things stand now, the vicious cycle in which the shortage of storage sites is suspending decontamination work cannot be broken.
このままでは、除染作業が滞る悪循環は解消しない。
Last December, Environment Minister Nobuteru Ishihara asked that the three towns of Futaba, Okuma and Naraha, which are located close to the crippled nuclear power plant, host the storage facilities. Under the proposal, the state would purchase a total of 19 square kilometers of land tracts for the facilities.
石原環境相は昨年１２月、福島第一原発に近い双葉、大熊、楢葉の３町に建設の受け入れを要請した。用地として、計１９平方キロを国有化する計画だった。
Fukushima Gov. Yuhei Sato consulted with the three towns and other parties concerned last month, and asked Ishihara to drop Naraha from the list and make Futaba and Okuma the only candidate sites for construction.
これに対し、福島県の佐藤雄平知事が先月、３町などと調整した上で、楢葉町を建設候補地から除外し、双葉、大熊両町に集約するよう石原環境相に要請した。
Naraha’s airborne radioactive material readings have been lower than those of Futaba and Okuma, which has raised the prospect of evacuated residents making an early return. It is therefore understandable that Naraha residents do not want to have a large facility storing high-level radioactive waste in their town.
楢葉町は、双葉、大熊両町に比べ、空間放射線量が低い。住民の早期帰還が期待できるだけに、高濃度汚染ごみの大規模保管施設を町内に設置してほしくないという住民の声は理解できる。
Encouraging residents’ return
Naraha Mayor Yukiei Matsumoto, while giving thoughtful consideration to the other two towns, has commented that if the town is excluded from the list of candidate sites, it will likely increase the number of evacuated residents who want to return.
楢葉町の松本幸英町長は、両町に配慮しつつ、建設地から外れることで、「楢葉に戻りたいという住民が増えるのでは」と語る。
Accepting such facilities would likely be an agonizing choice for Futaba and Okuma, where there are currently no prospects of allowing their residents to return, made to facilitate the reconstruction of the prefecture as a whole.
一方、住民帰還の見通しが立たない双葉、大熊両町にとっては、福島全体の復興を考慮した苦渋の選択だと言えよう。
Aiming to start sending radioactive waste to the new facilities in January 2015, the Environment Ministry plans to present a new construction plan to the prefectural government. It is hoped that narrowing down the candidates to the two towns will break the impasse.
環境省は２０１５年１月の搬入開始を目指し、近く新たな建設案を県側に示す。２町集約を早期建設の突破口としたい。
The government plans to propose regional promotion measures for Futaba and Okuma. What kinds of promotion measures will be effective for the towns, where contamination makes it difficult for residents to return? It is essential for the government to grasp the needs of evacuated residents and provide them with finely tuned support.
政府は、双葉、大熊両町の地域振興策も提示する方針だ。帰還困難な地域に、どのような振興策が効果的なのか。避難住民のニーズを把握し、きめ細かい支援に徹することが重要である。
The interim storage sites are to operate for up to 30 years. On final disposal sites beyond that, the government said it intends to build them outside the prefecture, but there are no prospects for such sites.
中間貯蔵施設での保管期間は最長３０年だ。しかし、その先の最終処分場について、政府は県外設置の方針を明らかにしただけで、全くメドがついていない。
Residents of the candidate sites for the interim facilities continue to suspect that the sites will eventually be used for final disposal facilities. The government must take the lead in working to select final disposal sites.
中間貯蔵施設候補地の住民の間では、「結局、最終処分場になるのではないか」という不信感が根強い。政府は、最終処分場の選定についても、前面に出て対応していかねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 8, 2014)
（2014年3月8日02時02分 読売新聞）
Construct facilities to store N-waste to get decontamination work on track
中間貯蔵施設 「２町集約」で早期完成目指せ（3月8日付・読売社説）
Constructing interim facilities for the bulk storage of radioactive waste is key to quickly pushing forward with the reconstruction of Fukushima Prefecture.
福島の復興を加速させるカギとなるのが、放射性物質に汚染された廃棄物を一括保管する中間貯蔵施設の建設だ。
It is indispensable for the Environment Ministry to give thorough explanations to local residents about why such facilities are needed and what kinds of safety measures will be taken, and finish building the storage sites as soon as possible.
環境省は地元住民に必要性や安全対策を丁寧に説明し、早期完成を図る必要がある。
The facilities will store soil contaminated by the crisis at Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, and ash from burning contaminated items. They will accommodate enough waste to fill Tokyo Dome more than 20 times. The government has decided to procure \1.1 trillion in construction costs from part of revenues from the promotion of power-resource development tax.
中間貯蔵施設に搬入するのは、東京電力福島第一原子力発電所の事故により汚染された土や焼却灰だ。最大で東京ドーム２０杯分以上の廃棄物を保管する。政府は１・１兆円の建設費に電源開発促進税を充てることを決めている。
Contaminated soil removed during decontamination work and other waste is now being stored at temporary sites at municipalities across the prefecture. As there has been no progress in the plan to construct the facilities, contaminated waste is stuck at the temporary sites. In addition, such sites are in short supply.
除染作業で除去された汚染土などは現在、県内各地の仮置き場で保管されている。中間貯蔵施設の建設が前に進まないため、仮置き場から動かせない。仮置き場も不足している。
As the things stand now, the vicious cycle in which the shortage of storage sites is suspending decontamination work cannot be broken.
このままでは、除染作業が滞る悪循環は解消しない。
Last December, Environment Minister Nobuteru Ishihara asked that the three towns of Futaba, Okuma and Naraha, which are located close to the crippled nuclear power plant, host the storage facilities. Under the proposal, the state would purchase a total of 19 square kilometers of land tracts for the facilities.
石原環境相は昨年１２月、福島第一原発に近い双葉、大熊、楢葉の３町に建設の受け入れを要請した。用地として、計１９平方キロを国有化する計画だった。
Fukushima Gov. Yuhei Sato consulted with the three towns and other parties concerned last month, and asked Ishihara to drop Naraha from the list and make Futaba and Okuma the only candidate sites for construction.
これに対し、福島県の佐藤雄平知事が先月、３町などと調整した上で、楢葉町を建設候補地から除外し、双葉、大熊両町に集約するよう石原環境相に要請した。
Naraha’s airborne radioactive material readings have been lower than those of Futaba and Okuma, which has raised the prospect of evacuated residents making an early return. It is therefore understandable that Naraha residents do not want to have a large facility storing high-level radioactive waste in their town.
楢葉町は、双葉、大熊両町に比べ、空間放射線量が低い。住民の早期帰還が期待できるだけに、高濃度汚染ごみの大規模保管施設を町内に設置してほしくないという住民の声は理解できる。
Encouraging residents’ return
Naraha Mayor Yukiei Matsumoto, while giving thoughtful consideration to the other two towns, has commented that if the town is excluded from the list of candidate sites, it will likely increase the number of evacuated residents who want to return.
楢葉町の松本幸英町長は、両町に配慮しつつ、建設地から外れることで、「楢葉に戻りたいという住民が増えるのでは」と語る。
Accepting such facilities would likely be an agonizing choice for Futaba and Okuma, where there are currently no prospects of allowing their residents to return, made to facilitate the reconstruction of the prefecture as a whole.
一方、住民帰還の見通しが立たない双葉、大熊両町にとっては、福島全体の復興を考慮した苦渋の選択だと言えよう。
Aiming to start sending radioactive waste to the new facilities in January 2015, the Environment Ministry plans to present a new construction plan to the prefectural government. It is hoped that narrowing down the candidates to the two towns will break the impasse.
環境省は２０１５年１月の搬入開始を目指し、近く新たな建設案を県側に示す。２町集約を早期建設の突破口としたい。
The government plans to propose regional promotion measures for Futaba and Okuma. What kinds of promotion measures will be effective for the towns, where contamination makes it difficult for residents to return? It is essential for the government to grasp the needs of evacuated residents and provide them with finely tuned support.
政府は、双葉、大熊両町の地域振興策も提示する方針だ。帰還困難な地域に、どのような振興策が効果的なのか。避難住民のニーズを把握し、きめ細かい支援に徹することが重要である。
The interim storage sites are to operate for up to 30 years. On final disposal sites beyond that, the government said it intends to build them outside the prefecture, but there are no prospects for such sites.
中間貯蔵施設での保管期間は最長３０年だ。しかし、その先の最終処分場について、政府は県外設置の方針を明らかにしただけで、全くメドがついていない。
Residents of the candidate sites for the interim facilities continue to suspect that the sites will eventually be used for final disposal facilities. The government must take the lead in working to select final disposal sites.
中間貯蔵施設候補地の住民の間では、「結局、最終処分場になるのではないか」という不信感が根強い。政府は、最終処分場の選定についても、前面に出て対応していかねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 8, 2014)
（2014年3月8日02時02分 読売新聞）
2014年03月09日
クリミア情勢 国際圧力でロシア軍撤収迫れ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 07, 2014
International community must pressure Russia to remove troops from Crimea
クリミア情勢 国際圧力でロシア軍撤収迫れ（3月7日付・読売社説）
Russia has taken full military control of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in Ukraine. International pressure must be stepped up on Russia, which has infringed on the sovereignty of a foreign country.
ロシアがウクライナのクリミア自治共和国を軍事的に掌握した。他国の主権を侵害したロシアに対し、国際社会は圧力を強めねばならない。
Russia should pull its troops out of Crimea immediately.
ロシアは直ちに展開した部隊を撤収すべきである。
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry has conferred with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in Paris, the first foreign ministerial meeting between the two countries since the collapse of the former Ukraine government. They remained apart on the issue, as Kerry called for the withdrawal of Russian troops, but Lavrov refused the demand.
ケリー米国務長官はロシアのラブロフ外相とパリで会談した。ウクライナ政変後初の米露外相の直接交渉だったが、ロシア軍の撤収を求める米側の主張に露側が応じず、議論は平行線をたどった。
U.S. President Barack Obama has announced a plan to study economic and diplomatic sanctions against Russia. His administration has also taken steps to restrict the entry into the United States of people whom it accuses of threatening Ukraine’s sovereignty. Attention is now focused on what economic sanctions Washington will adopt.
オバマ米大統領は、ロシアへの「経済的、外交的手段」の検討を表明している。主権侵害に関与した人物への入国制限などの措置を取ったが、さらにどのような経済制裁を行うかが焦点となろう。
The European Union, for its part, has entered into discussions on concrete steps to be taken against Russia.
一方、欧州連合（ＥＵ）も具体的な措置の協議に入った。
The economic relationship between Europe and Russia is profound, with Europe importing natural gas from Russia. Germany and Britain are wary of economic sanctions, while Poland and other Eastern European countries that formerly belonged to the Soviet-led Eastern bloc during the Cold War are insisting on hard-line measures toward Russia. It is uncertain whether the European countries will be able to iron out their differences and agree on stern sanctions.
欧州は、天然ガスを輸入するなど、ロシアとの経済関係が深い。ドイツや英国は経済制裁に慎重だ。ポーランドなど旧東側陣営諸国は、強硬策を主張している。足並みをそろえて厳しい措置で合意できるかは不透明である。
A summit meeting of the Group of Eight major powers is scheduled for June in Sochi, Russia. Japan and six other G-8 members, excluding Russia, have lashed out at Moscow, saying Russia has violated Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, thereby threatening the holding of the summit meeting.
ロシア・ソチでは６月に主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）が予定されているが、ロシアを除く日本など７か国は「ウクライナの主権と領土の一体性に違反した」とロシアを強く非難した。首脳会議の実施が危ぶまれる状況だ。
Russia is being increasingly isolated from the international community.
ロシアは孤立を深めている。
Putin refutes criticism
Russian President Vladimir Putin has brushed aside international criticism as groundless, even denying Russia’s military deployment in Crimea. Regarding wider military intervention in Ukraine, Putin has said it will not be necessary for now.
プーチン・ロシア大統領は、クリミアでのロシア軍展開自体を否定して、国際的非難には根拠がないとの立場だ。ウクライナへの軍事介入についても「今のところ必要はない」と述べている。
He apparently believes that Russia has achieved its purpose for the moment, now that it has Crimea under its control.
クリミアを事実上、支配下に置いたことで当面の目的は達成したと考えているのだろう。
A referendum will be held in Crimea on March 16 to decide whether the autonomous republic should become part of Russia. Given the fact that Russian-affiliated people account for a majority of the republic’s population, it is most certain that pro-integration votes will prevail. Russia is expected to go ahead with the integration of Crimea once the results are known.
クリミアでは、今月１６日に、ロシアへの編入の是非を問う住民投票が行われることになった。ロシア系住民が多いため、編入支持の結果が出るのは確実である。ロシアは、それを受けて、併合に突き進むつもりではないか。
Japan cannot sit back and watch Russia’s actions. If the United States and Europe implement sanctions, Japan will have no alternative but to go along with them eventually. However, it is also true that Japan wants to avoid deterioration in its relations with Moscow, which would adversely affect bilateral negotiations over the return of the four islands off eastern Hokkaido that have been held by Russia since the end of World War II.
日本も、ロシアの行動を座視してはいられない。米欧が制裁に踏み切れば、最終的に同調せざるを得まい。ただ、日露関係が悪化し北方領土交渉に影響を及ぼす事態は避けたいのも確かだ。
While the United States and other countries have canceled plans to send government officials to the Paralympics opening in Sochi on Friday, Japan will send Yoshitaka Sakurada, a senior vice minister of education, culture, sports and science and technology.
ソチで開幕するパラリンピックに、米国などが政府代表団派遣をとりやめる中、日本は桜田義孝文部科学副大臣を派遣する。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said, “A prudent stance must be taken about bringing the political situation to the Paralympics.”
菅官房長官は、「パラリンピックに政治状況を持ち込むことには慎重であるべきだ」と述べた。
It is imperative for Tokyo to carry out strategic diplomacy based on maintaining cooperation with the United States and Europe.
日本は、米欧との協調を軸とした戦略的外交が問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 7, 2014)
（2014年3月7日01時23分 読売新聞）
International community must pressure Russia to remove troops from Crimea
クリミア情勢 国際圧力でロシア軍撤収迫れ（3月7日付・読売社説）
Russia has taken full military control of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in Ukraine. International pressure must be stepped up on Russia, which has infringed on the sovereignty of a foreign country.
ロシアがウクライナのクリミア自治共和国を軍事的に掌握した。他国の主権を侵害したロシアに対し、国際社会は圧力を強めねばならない。
Russia should pull its troops out of Crimea immediately.
ロシアは直ちに展開した部隊を撤収すべきである。
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry has conferred with Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov in Paris, the first foreign ministerial meeting between the two countries since the collapse of the former Ukraine government. They remained apart on the issue, as Kerry called for the withdrawal of Russian troops, but Lavrov refused the demand.
ケリー米国務長官はロシアのラブロフ外相とパリで会談した。ウクライナ政変後初の米露外相の直接交渉だったが、ロシア軍の撤収を求める米側の主張に露側が応じず、議論は平行線をたどった。
U.S. President Barack Obama has announced a plan to study economic and diplomatic sanctions against Russia. His administration has also taken steps to restrict the entry into the United States of people whom it accuses of threatening Ukraine’s sovereignty. Attention is now focused on what economic sanctions Washington will adopt.
オバマ米大統領は、ロシアへの「経済的、外交的手段」の検討を表明している。主権侵害に関与した人物への入国制限などの措置を取ったが、さらにどのような経済制裁を行うかが焦点となろう。
The European Union, for its part, has entered into discussions on concrete steps to be taken against Russia.
一方、欧州連合（ＥＵ）も具体的な措置の協議に入った。
The economic relationship between Europe and Russia is profound, with Europe importing natural gas from Russia. Germany and Britain are wary of economic sanctions, while Poland and other Eastern European countries that formerly belonged to the Soviet-led Eastern bloc during the Cold War are insisting on hard-line measures toward Russia. It is uncertain whether the European countries will be able to iron out their differences and agree on stern sanctions.
欧州は、天然ガスを輸入するなど、ロシアとの経済関係が深い。ドイツや英国は経済制裁に慎重だ。ポーランドなど旧東側陣営諸国は、強硬策を主張している。足並みをそろえて厳しい措置で合意できるかは不透明である。
A summit meeting of the Group of Eight major powers is scheduled for June in Sochi, Russia. Japan and six other G-8 members, excluding Russia, have lashed out at Moscow, saying Russia has violated Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, thereby threatening the holding of the summit meeting.
ロシア・ソチでは６月に主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）が予定されているが、ロシアを除く日本など７か国は「ウクライナの主権と領土の一体性に違反した」とロシアを強く非難した。首脳会議の実施が危ぶまれる状況だ。
Russia is being increasingly isolated from the international community.
ロシアは孤立を深めている。
Putin refutes criticism
Russian President Vladimir Putin has brushed aside international criticism as groundless, even denying Russia’s military deployment in Crimea. Regarding wider military intervention in Ukraine, Putin has said it will not be necessary for now.
プーチン・ロシア大統領は、クリミアでのロシア軍展開自体を否定して、国際的非難には根拠がないとの立場だ。ウクライナへの軍事介入についても「今のところ必要はない」と述べている。
He apparently believes that Russia has achieved its purpose for the moment, now that it has Crimea under its control.
クリミアを事実上、支配下に置いたことで当面の目的は達成したと考えているのだろう。
A referendum will be held in Crimea on March 16 to decide whether the autonomous republic should become part of Russia. Given the fact that Russian-affiliated people account for a majority of the republic’s population, it is most certain that pro-integration votes will prevail. Russia is expected to go ahead with the integration of Crimea once the results are known.
クリミアでは、今月１６日に、ロシアへの編入の是非を問う住民投票が行われることになった。ロシア系住民が多いため、編入支持の結果が出るのは確実である。ロシアは、それを受けて、併合に突き進むつもりではないか。
Japan cannot sit back and watch Russia’s actions. If the United States and Europe implement sanctions, Japan will have no alternative but to go along with them eventually. However, it is also true that Japan wants to avoid deterioration in its relations with Moscow, which would adversely affect bilateral negotiations over the return of the four islands off eastern Hokkaido that have been held by Russia since the end of World War II.
日本も、ロシアの行動を座視してはいられない。米欧が制裁に踏み切れば、最終的に同調せざるを得まい。ただ、日露関係が悪化し北方領土交渉に影響を及ぼす事態は避けたいのも確かだ。
While the United States and other countries have canceled plans to send government officials to the Paralympics opening in Sochi on Friday, Japan will send Yoshitaka Sakurada, a senior vice minister of education, culture, sports and science and technology.
ソチで開幕するパラリンピックに、米国などが政府代表団派遣をとりやめる中、日本は桜田義孝文部科学副大臣を派遣する。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said, “A prudent stance must be taken about bringing the political situation to the Paralympics.”
菅官房長官は、「パラリンピックに政治状況を持ち込むことには慎重であるべきだ」と述べた。
It is imperative for Tokyo to carry out strategic diplomacy based on maintaining cooperation with the United States and Europe.
日本は、米欧との協調を軸とした戦略的外交が問われよう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 7, 2014)
（2014年3月7日01時23分 読売新聞）
2014年03月08日
中国国防費膨張 平和を脅かす露骨な軍拡路線
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 06, 2014
China’s blatant military buildup threatens peace in Asia-Pacific region
中国国防費膨張 平和を脅かす露骨な軍拡路線（3月6日付・読売社説）
In a bid for hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region, the administration of Chinese President Xi Jinping is rapidly proceeding with its military buildup. These moves are certain to reinforce the opinion that China may pose a great threat to other countries.
アジア太平洋で覇権を握ろうと、中国の習近平政権が急速な軍備増強を進めている。中国脅威論にも拍車がかかろう。
The 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) began in Beijing on Wednesday, at which the Chinese government announced that its national defense spending for this year will total about 808.2 billion yuan (about \13 trillion), up 12.2 percent from last year.
北京で全国人民代表大会が開幕した。中国政府が公表した今年の国防予算は、前年実績比１２・２％増の約８０８２億元（約１３兆円）となった。
This will mark the fourth consecutive year of a year-on-year double-digit increase, and bring China’s defense expenditures to nearly three times those of Japan.
４年連続２桁の伸びで、日本の防衛費の３倍近くに膨れあがった。
This is the first NPC to be held under the leadership of Xi and Premier Li Keqiang. It also can be said that the administration has bluntly indicated its intention of pursuing military buildup.
今回は、習国家主席と李克強首相が主導する初めての全人代だ。軍備増強への意思を露骨なまでに示したと言える。
China’s national defense budget has become ever more opaque, as military spending by local governments, which had been included in the nation’s total military spending until last year, was excluded from this year’s outlay.
中国の国防費は、一段と不透明になった。昨年まで含まれていた地方分予算が、今年は除外されたためだ。
The prevailing view is that actual defense spending, including expenditures on related research and development, will be double the amount made public.
研究開発費などを含めた実際の国防予算は、公表分の２倍程度に上るとの見方が強い。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga has indicated that Japan will urge China to enhance transparency in its military spending, saying that China’s military expenditures “have become a cause for concern for the international community.” Such a stance is quite reasonable.
菅官房長官が、「国際社会の懸念事項になっている」として、中国に透明性の向上を働きかける意向を示したのは当然である。
In a government work report, which is equivalent to a policy speech in Japan, Li emphasized that China would “make great effort in the building of a maritime power.” He also said China would “place war preparations on a regular footing and enhance border, coastal and air defenses.”
李首相は、施政方針演説にあたる政府活動報告で、「海洋強国の建設に大いに力を入れる」と強調した。「平時における戦闘への備えと、国境・領海・領空防衛の管理を強化する」とも宣言した。
Aggression may be prolonged
Such remarks can be interpreted as Beijing’s intention to expand its claimed national interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea.
東シナ海や南シナ海で、権益拡大を図る意図が読み取れる。
Japan must be prepared for the possibility that China’s attempts to change the status quo through the use of force, such as China’s entry into Japan’s territorial waters around the Senkaku Islands, may last for an extended period. At the same time, it will become necessary for both countries to have a dialogue to avoid accidental clashes between vessels or aircraft.
日本は、尖閣諸島周辺での領海侵入といった、中国の力による現状変更の試みが長期化することを覚悟せねばなるまい。同時に、艦船や航空機の偶発的衝突を避けるための対話も必要となろう。
Li said: “China will maintain the postwar international order at all costs. We will never let the course of history turn back.”
一方、李首相は、「中国は、戦後の国際秩序を守り抜く。歴史の流れを逆行させることは、決して許さない」と述べた。
If this remark was made to criticize Japan in light of the recent visit to Yasukuni Shrine by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, it is widely off the mark. Rather it is China that has been rocking the postwar international order by taking such actions as its unilateral announcement of an air-defense identification zone in the East China Sea.
安倍首相の靖国神社参拝を念頭に置いた日本批判だとしたら、見当違いだ。一方的な防空識別圏設定などで、戦後秩序を揺さぶっているのは、むしろ中国である。
Li’s report has also brought to the fore the country’s thorny management of its domestic affairs. In the report, the administration set the nation’s economic growth target for this year at 7.5 percent, unchanged for three years in a row. This demonstrates the administration’s stance of maintaining stable growth amid spreading concern over the nation’s future economic prospects.
首相報告は、難しい内政運営も浮き彫りにした。今年の経済成長率の目標を、３年連続で７・５％に据え置いたのは、景気の先行きに不安が広がる中で、安定成長を維持したい姿勢の表れだ。
With regards to corruption, toward which the people harbor strong antipathy, Li said, “We would never pardon any corrupt elements.” As countermeasures to air pollution, he unveiled numerical targets for such measures as scrapping coal boilers. However, the degree to which the administration can achieve tangible results in such areas remains to be seen.
国民の反感が強い汚職について「いかなる腐敗分子も容赦しない」と断じ、大気汚染対策では石炭ボイラー廃棄などの数値目標を示した。具体的成果が問われよう。
Social unrest is spreading, as demonstrated by the mass murder incident in Yunnan Province recently. Li indicated that the administration would further intensify public security measures.
雲南省で無差別大量殺人事件が起こるなど、社会に動揺が広がっている。李首相は、治安対策をさらに強める考えを示した。
Tightening domestic security measures may lead to the administration’s taking a hard-line stance toward foreign countries in an attempt to divert public frustration. Japan, for its part, has to keep a close watch on such moves.
国内での引き締めは、国民の不満をそらすための対外強硬姿勢につながりやすい。日本も、その動きを注視しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 6, 2014)
（2014年3月6日02時01分 読売新聞）
China’s blatant military buildup threatens peace in Asia-Pacific region
中国国防費膨張 平和を脅かす露骨な軍拡路線（3月6日付・読売社説）
In a bid for hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region, the administration of Chinese President Xi Jinping is rapidly proceeding with its military buildup. These moves are certain to reinforce the opinion that China may pose a great threat to other countries.
アジア太平洋で覇権を握ろうと、中国の習近平政権が急速な軍備増強を進めている。中国脅威論にも拍車がかかろう。
The 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) began in Beijing on Wednesday, at which the Chinese government announced that its national defense spending for this year will total about 808.2 billion yuan (about \13 trillion), up 12.2 percent from last year.
北京で全国人民代表大会が開幕した。中国政府が公表した今年の国防予算は、前年実績比１２・２％増の約８０８２億元（約１３兆円）となった。
This will mark the fourth consecutive year of a year-on-year double-digit increase, and bring China’s defense expenditures to nearly three times those of Japan.
４年連続２桁の伸びで、日本の防衛費の３倍近くに膨れあがった。
This is the first NPC to be held under the leadership of Xi and Premier Li Keqiang. It also can be said that the administration has bluntly indicated its intention of pursuing military buildup.
今回は、習国家主席と李克強首相が主導する初めての全人代だ。軍備増強への意思を露骨なまでに示したと言える。
China’s national defense budget has become ever more opaque, as military spending by local governments, which had been included in the nation’s total military spending until last year, was excluded from this year’s outlay.
中国の国防費は、一段と不透明になった。昨年まで含まれていた地方分予算が、今年は除外されたためだ。
The prevailing view is that actual defense spending, including expenditures on related research and development, will be double the amount made public.
研究開発費などを含めた実際の国防予算は、公表分の２倍程度に上るとの見方が強い。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga has indicated that Japan will urge China to enhance transparency in its military spending, saying that China’s military expenditures “have become a cause for concern for the international community.” Such a stance is quite reasonable.
菅官房長官が、「国際社会の懸念事項になっている」として、中国に透明性の向上を働きかける意向を示したのは当然である。
In a government work report, which is equivalent to a policy speech in Japan, Li emphasized that China would “make great effort in the building of a maritime power.” He also said China would “place war preparations on a regular footing and enhance border, coastal and air defenses.”
李首相は、施政方針演説にあたる政府活動報告で、「海洋強国の建設に大いに力を入れる」と強調した。「平時における戦闘への備えと、国境・領海・領空防衛の管理を強化する」とも宣言した。
Aggression may be prolonged
Such remarks can be interpreted as Beijing’s intention to expand its claimed national interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea.
東シナ海や南シナ海で、権益拡大を図る意図が読み取れる。
Japan must be prepared for the possibility that China’s attempts to change the status quo through the use of force, such as China’s entry into Japan’s territorial waters around the Senkaku Islands, may last for an extended period. At the same time, it will become necessary for both countries to have a dialogue to avoid accidental clashes between vessels or aircraft.
日本は、尖閣諸島周辺での領海侵入といった、中国の力による現状変更の試みが長期化することを覚悟せねばなるまい。同時に、艦船や航空機の偶発的衝突を避けるための対話も必要となろう。
Li said: “China will maintain the postwar international order at all costs. We will never let the course of history turn back.”
一方、李首相は、「中国は、戦後の国際秩序を守り抜く。歴史の流れを逆行させることは、決して許さない」と述べた。
If this remark was made to criticize Japan in light of the recent visit to Yasukuni Shrine by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, it is widely off the mark. Rather it is China that has been rocking the postwar international order by taking such actions as its unilateral announcement of an air-defense identification zone in the East China Sea.
安倍首相の靖国神社参拝を念頭に置いた日本批判だとしたら、見当違いだ。一方的な防空識別圏設定などで、戦後秩序を揺さぶっているのは、むしろ中国である。
Li’s report has also brought to the fore the country’s thorny management of its domestic affairs. In the report, the administration set the nation’s economic growth target for this year at 7.5 percent, unchanged for three years in a row. This demonstrates the administration’s stance of maintaining stable growth amid spreading concern over the nation’s future economic prospects.
首相報告は、難しい内政運営も浮き彫りにした。今年の経済成長率の目標を、３年連続で７・５％に据え置いたのは、景気の先行きに不安が広がる中で、安定成長を維持したい姿勢の表れだ。
With regards to corruption, toward which the people harbor strong antipathy, Li said, “We would never pardon any corrupt elements.” As countermeasures to air pollution, he unveiled numerical targets for such measures as scrapping coal boilers. However, the degree to which the administration can achieve tangible results in such areas remains to be seen.
国民の反感が強い汚職について「いかなる腐敗分子も容赦しない」と断じ、大気汚染対策では石炭ボイラー廃棄などの数値目標を示した。具体的成果が問われよう。
Social unrest is spreading, as demonstrated by the mass murder incident in Yunnan Province recently. Li indicated that the administration would further intensify public security measures.
雲南省で無差別大量殺人事件が起こるなど、社会に動揺が広がっている。李首相は、治安対策をさらに強める考えを示した。
Tightening domestic security measures may lead to the administration’s taking a hard-line stance toward foreign countries in an attempt to divert public frustration. Japan, for its part, has to keep a close watch on such moves.
国内での引き締めは、国民の不満をそらすための対外強硬姿勢につながりやすい。日本も、その動きを注視しなければならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 6, 2014)
（2014年3月6日02時01分 読売新聞）
2014年03月07日
ＰＭ２・５汚染 中国の排出源対策が急務だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 05, 2014
Press China to take measures against its horrendous pollution
ＰＭ２・５汚染 中国の排出源対策が急務だ（3月5日付・読売社説）
Air pollution is becoming ever more serious in China. It is mainly caused by a high density of particulate matter 2.5, or PM2.5, which is apparently reaching Japan on a massive scale after sweeping over the sea.
中国で大気汚染が深刻の度を増している。主因の微小粒子状物質（ＰＭ２・５）は、海を越えて日本にも大量に飛散しているとみられる。
Immediate measures must be taken to curb PM2.5. There is no time to waste.
ＰＭ２・５の発生を抑える対策は待ったなしである。
PM2.5 is the general term for the microparticle substances with a diameter of up to 2.5 micrometers (one micrometer is equivalent to one-thousandth of a millimeter). Their size is about one-tenth that of a grain of Japanese cedar pollen, and they can travel deep into the lungs once inhaled. Experts say that PM2.5 causes such diseases as asthma and bronchitis.
ＰＭ２・５は、直径２・５マイクロ・メートル（１マイクロ・メートルは１０００分の１ミリ）以下の物質の総称だ。スギ花粉の１０分の１ほどの粒子で、吸い込むと肺の奥まで入りやすい。ぜんそくや気管支炎などの原因になるとも指摘される。
At one point on Feb. 26, the concentration of PM2.5 exceeded 500 micrograms per cubic meter of air in Beijing. In Japan, local governments issue alerts to the public if the daily average amount of PM2.5 exceeds 70 micrograms per cubic meter. Beijing’s figure shows how serious China’s air pollution has become.
北京市では２月２６日、ＰＭ２・５の大気中濃度が、１立方メートル当たり５００マイクロ・グラムを超えた。日本国内で自治体が住民に注意喚起をする濃度は７０マイクロ・グラムだ。中国の汚染の深刻さが分かる。
The Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, a public research organization, has warned that Beijing’s pollution is “approaching a level unsuitable for inhabitation.” Air pollution is also becoming acute in cities and regions other than Beijing.
公的研究機関の上海社会科学院は、北京の状況について、「居住に適さないレベルに近づいている」と警告した。北京以外の地域でも汚染が悪化している。
The rapid increase of PM2.5 is caused by soot produced when burning coal, as well as vehicle emissions. Last month, Chinese President Xi Jinping traveled around smog-covered Beijing and ordered factories to curb their use of coal. Xi also ordered regulations for car usage.
ＰＭ２・５急増の原因は、石炭を燃やす際に生じる煤煙(ばいえん)や自動車の排ガスだ。習近平国家主席は先月、濃霧の北京市内を視察し、工場での石炭使用の抑制や自動車の利用規制などを指示した。
Ineffective measures
The Chinese government has periodically announced measures to tackle air pollution, but no significant improvement has been seen. We believe the reason for this is that many factories have ignored government regulations, putting short-term profits ahead of environmental issues.
中国政府はこれまでも、大気汚染対策の実施を表明してきたが、大きな改善はみられない。多くの生産現場が、環境問題よりも目先の利益を優先し、規制を無視してきたということだろう。
The National People’s Congress was set to convene Wednesday, and air pollution is likely to be one of the main issues on the agenda. We urge the Chinese government to take this opportunity to come up with comprehensive measures to deal with the problem.
５日に開幕する全国人民代表大会では、大気汚染問題も重要テーマになる見通しだ。抜本対策に着手する契機としてもらいたい。
From now on, Japan and South Korea will have to bear the full brunt of PM2.5 sweeping from China as westerly winds become stronger.
日本や韓国が中国からのＰＭ２・５の影響をもろに受けるのは、偏西風が強まるこれからの時期だ。
On Feb. 26, the day China’s PM2.5 concentration exceeded 500 micrograms per cubic meter, the particulate concentration rose in wide areas of western Japan and the Hokuriku region, prompting 10 prefectural governments to issue alerts.
北京の汚染濃度が５００マイクロ・グラムを記録した同じ日、西日本と北陸などで濃度が上昇し、１０府県が住民に注意を促した。
Environment Minister Nobuteru Ishihara said the main cause of the phenomenon was “transborder pollution caused by China.”
石原環境相は、主な要因に「中国からの越境汚染」を挙げた。
It will be crucial for the Environment Ministry and local governments to continue providing prompt detailed information on PM2.5 to the public.
環境省と各自治体は今後とも、住民にきめ細かい情報を迅速に提供していくことが重要だ。
Of course, the issuance of alerts does not mean that people are under immediate threat to their health. We urge people to act calmly, refrain from going out unless necessary and avoid opening windows or using ventilators.
注意喚起がなされたからといって、直ちに健康被害の危険があるわけではない。不要不急の外出を控える。窓の開閉や換気は最小限にとどめる――。住民は冷静な対応を心がけてほしい。
People who have respiratory or heart problems, as well as elderly people, should especially be careful of their health. The physical conditions of children should also be monitored frequently.
呼吸器や心臓に病気がある人や高齢者、子供の体調管理には、十分に留意せねばならない。
This month, officials from Japan, China and South Korea will hold a policy dialogue to discuss measures to deal with the PM2.5 problem in Beijing. It will be an important opportunity to share PM2.5 data, but it is also essential to pressure China to reinforce measures to curb emissions of the microparticle substances.
日中韓の担当者は今月、ＰＭ２・５対策を協議する政策対話を北京で行う。観測情報を共有するほか、中国に対し、排出抑制策の強化を求めることが肝要だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 5, 2014)
（2014年3月5日01時29分 読売新聞）
Press China to take measures against its horrendous pollution
ＰＭ２・５汚染 中国の排出源対策が急務だ（3月5日付・読売社説）
Air pollution is becoming ever more serious in China. It is mainly caused by a high density of particulate matter 2.5, or PM2.5, which is apparently reaching Japan on a massive scale after sweeping over the sea.
中国で大気汚染が深刻の度を増している。主因の微小粒子状物質（ＰＭ２・５）は、海を越えて日本にも大量に飛散しているとみられる。
Immediate measures must be taken to curb PM2.5. There is no time to waste.
ＰＭ２・５の発生を抑える対策は待ったなしである。
PM2.5 is the general term for the microparticle substances with a diameter of up to 2.5 micrometers (one micrometer is equivalent to one-thousandth of a millimeter). Their size is about one-tenth that of a grain of Japanese cedar pollen, and they can travel deep into the lungs once inhaled. Experts say that PM2.5 causes such diseases as asthma and bronchitis.
ＰＭ２・５は、直径２・５マイクロ・メートル（１マイクロ・メートルは１０００分の１ミリ）以下の物質の総称だ。スギ花粉の１０分の１ほどの粒子で、吸い込むと肺の奥まで入りやすい。ぜんそくや気管支炎などの原因になるとも指摘される。
At one point on Feb. 26, the concentration of PM2.5 exceeded 500 micrograms per cubic meter of air in Beijing. In Japan, local governments issue alerts to the public if the daily average amount of PM2.5 exceeds 70 micrograms per cubic meter. Beijing’s figure shows how serious China’s air pollution has become.
北京市では２月２６日、ＰＭ２・５の大気中濃度が、１立方メートル当たり５００マイクロ・グラムを超えた。日本国内で自治体が住民に注意喚起をする濃度は７０マイクロ・グラムだ。中国の汚染の深刻さが分かる。
The Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, a public research organization, has warned that Beijing’s pollution is “approaching a level unsuitable for inhabitation.” Air pollution is also becoming acute in cities and regions other than Beijing.
公的研究機関の上海社会科学院は、北京の状況について、「居住に適さないレベルに近づいている」と警告した。北京以外の地域でも汚染が悪化している。
The rapid increase of PM2.5 is caused by soot produced when burning coal, as well as vehicle emissions. Last month, Chinese President Xi Jinping traveled around smog-covered Beijing and ordered factories to curb their use of coal. Xi also ordered regulations for car usage.
ＰＭ２・５急増の原因は、石炭を燃やす際に生じる煤煙(ばいえん)や自動車の排ガスだ。習近平国家主席は先月、濃霧の北京市内を視察し、工場での石炭使用の抑制や自動車の利用規制などを指示した。
Ineffective measures
The Chinese government has periodically announced measures to tackle air pollution, but no significant improvement has been seen. We believe the reason for this is that many factories have ignored government regulations, putting short-term profits ahead of environmental issues.
中国政府はこれまでも、大気汚染対策の実施を表明してきたが、大きな改善はみられない。多くの生産現場が、環境問題よりも目先の利益を優先し、規制を無視してきたということだろう。
The National People’s Congress was set to convene Wednesday, and air pollution is likely to be one of the main issues on the agenda. We urge the Chinese government to take this opportunity to come up with comprehensive measures to deal with the problem.
５日に開幕する全国人民代表大会では、大気汚染問題も重要テーマになる見通しだ。抜本対策に着手する契機としてもらいたい。
From now on, Japan and South Korea will have to bear the full brunt of PM2.5 sweeping from China as westerly winds become stronger.
日本や韓国が中国からのＰＭ２・５の影響をもろに受けるのは、偏西風が強まるこれからの時期だ。
On Feb. 26, the day China’s PM2.5 concentration exceeded 500 micrograms per cubic meter, the particulate concentration rose in wide areas of western Japan and the Hokuriku region, prompting 10 prefectural governments to issue alerts.
北京の汚染濃度が５００マイクロ・グラムを記録した同じ日、西日本と北陸などで濃度が上昇し、１０府県が住民に注意を促した。
Environment Minister Nobuteru Ishihara said the main cause of the phenomenon was “transborder pollution caused by China.”
石原環境相は、主な要因に「中国からの越境汚染」を挙げた。
It will be crucial for the Environment Ministry and local governments to continue providing prompt detailed information on PM2.5 to the public.
環境省と各自治体は今後とも、住民にきめ細かい情報を迅速に提供していくことが重要だ。
Of course, the issuance of alerts does not mean that people are under immediate threat to their health. We urge people to act calmly, refrain from going out unless necessary and avoid opening windows or using ventilators.
注意喚起がなされたからといって、直ちに健康被害の危険があるわけではない。不要不急の外出を控える。窓の開閉や換気は最小限にとどめる――。住民は冷静な対応を心がけてほしい。
People who have respiratory or heart problems, as well as elderly people, should especially be careful of their health. The physical conditions of children should also be monitored frequently.
呼吸器や心臓に病気がある人や高齢者、子供の体調管理には、十分に留意せねばならない。
This month, officials from Japan, China and South Korea will hold a policy dialogue to discuss measures to deal with the PM2.5 problem in Beijing. It will be an important opportunity to share PM2.5 data, but it is also essential to pressure China to reinforce measures to curb emissions of the microparticle substances.
日中韓の担当者は今月、ＰＭ２・５対策を協議する政策対話を北京で行う。観測情報を共有するほか、中国に対し、排出抑制策の強化を求めることが肝要だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 5, 2014)
（2014年3月5日01時29分 読売新聞）
2014年03月06日
「アンネの日記」 「知の遺産」に対する蛮行だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 04, 2014
Vandalism of Anne Frank books a blow against intellectual heritage
「アンネの日記」 「知の遺産」に対する蛮行だ（3月4日付・読売社説）
Who was behind the many recent acts of vandalism against books relating to Anne Frank, and why did they do it? This sort of criminality can never be pardoned.
誰がどのような目的で行ったのか。許すことのできない蛮行である。
At public libraries and bookstores in and outside of Tokyo, Japanese-language copies of “The Diary of a Young Girl,” which tells of Nazi Germany’s persecution of the Jewish people, and related books have been found vandalized with pages ripped out. All told, the number of books damaged exceeded 300.
東京都内などの図書館や書店で、ナチス・ドイツによるユダヤ人への迫害を伝える「アンネの日記」や関連書籍が破られる事件が相次いでいる。被害を受けた本は、３００冊を超える。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga expressed strong displeasure over the incidents, saying, “Such acts are shameful and can never be pardoned in this country.” It was a natural reaction.
菅官房長官が「わが国として受け入れられるものではなく、恥ずべきこと」と、強い不快感を示したのは当然である。
The Metropolitan Police Department has established an investigation headquarters, a rare move in property damage cases, as it works to find the culprit.
警視庁は器物損壊事件として異例の捜査本部を設置し、犯人の割り出しを急いでいる。
This vandalism cannot be shrugged off as simple property damage. This crime could trample on the efforts of many men and women who have looked squarely at history and fought against discrimination based on prejudice.
一連の事件は、単なる器物損壊では片づけられない。歴史の汚点を直視し、偏見に基づく差別を克服しようとしてきた人類の努力を踏みにじる行為だからだ。
“The Diary of a Young Girl” is a notebook left behind by Anne Frank, a Jewish girl who lived with her family in a hidden room of a house in the Netherlands to evade being detected and forcibly relocated by the Nazis during World War II. The diary expresses her anxieties and fears as well as hope for the future.
「アンネの日記」は、第２次大戦下のオランダで、ナチスの強制連行から逃れるため、家族と共に隠れ家で生活したユダヤ人少女、アンネ・フランクが残した手記だ。不安、恐怖と共に未来への希望がつづられている。
The Japanese translation of the diary has been read for generations. The original diary was registered as a Memory of the World in 2009.
日本でも多くの人々に読み継がれてきた。２００９年には世界記憶遺産にも登録された。
Other books damaged in the incidents include materials relating to Chiune Sugihara, who served as Japan’s vice consul in Lithuania during World War II. Sugihara is remembered for his act of conscience, issuing transit visas to Japan to 6,000 Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazis.
「アンネの日記」のほか、第２次大戦中、駐リトアニア領事代理だった杉原千畝の関連書籍なども被害を受けた。杉原は、ナチスから逃れたユダヤ人難民６０００人に自らの判断で日本通過のビザを発給したことで知られる。
An organized act?
The Simon Wiesenthal Center, a Jewish human rights organization in the United States, has expressed deep concern over the incidents. The organization suspects that the vandalism was committed by “an organized effort to denigrate the memory” of Jewish victims of the Holocaust.
事件について、米国のユダヤ系人権団体「サイモン・ウィーゼンタール・センター」は「深い懸念」を表明した。虐殺犠牲者の記憶を侮辱する組織的試みがあるのではないか、とも指摘している。
One matter of concern is whether these incidents will fuel the spread of mistaken perceptions of Japan around the world.
日本に対する誤った認識が世界に広がらないか、心配だ。
Some media outlets in the United States and South Korea have reported on the incidents, connecting them to a purported rightward shift in Japan. Their arguments miss the mark, because they draw mainly on discourse from an extremely limited number of Internet posts expressing admiration for Adolf Hitler.
米国や韓国などの一部メディアは、「日本の右傾化」と関連づけて報じている。ヒトラーを礼賛するような、ネット上の極めて限られた言説などを根拠としているが、的外れな論調である。
Japan has never engaged in anti-Semitism, even during the prewar period.
日本は、戦前も含め、反ユダヤ政策に同調したことはない。
The Israeli Embassy in Tokyo has received many phone calls and e-mails of apology and encouragement from the Japanese people.
在日イスラエル大使館には、日本国民から謝罪や励ましの電話、メールが多数寄せられている。
The embassy expressed gratitude for these sentiments, calling the damage to the books sad, adding that they had also received warm words of support from the Japanese people. The embassy also donated more than 300 copies of Anne Frank-related books to the libraries affected by the vandalism.
大使館でも「被害は悲しいが、日本のみなさんから温かく励ましの言葉をもらった」と感謝の意を表し、被害を受けた図書館に約３００冊の本を寄贈した。
Libraries are tasked with providing intellectual wealth to the people. As a defensive measure, Tokyo libraries have begun putting Anne Frank-related books on shelves within sight of library staff. We hope to see an early resolution to this shameful vandalism.
図書館は、知の資産を市民に提供する場である。都内の図書館では、自衛策として関連図書を職員の目が届く場所に置いている。事件の早期解決を望みたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 4, 2014)
（2014年3月4日01時54分 読売新聞）
Vandalism of Anne Frank books a blow against intellectual heritage
「アンネの日記」 「知の遺産」に対する蛮行だ（3月4日付・読売社説）
Who was behind the many recent acts of vandalism against books relating to Anne Frank, and why did they do it? This sort of criminality can never be pardoned.
誰がどのような目的で行ったのか。許すことのできない蛮行である。
At public libraries and bookstores in and outside of Tokyo, Japanese-language copies of “The Diary of a Young Girl,” which tells of Nazi Germany’s persecution of the Jewish people, and related books have been found vandalized with pages ripped out. All told, the number of books damaged exceeded 300.
東京都内などの図書館や書店で、ナチス・ドイツによるユダヤ人への迫害を伝える「アンネの日記」や関連書籍が破られる事件が相次いでいる。被害を受けた本は、３００冊を超える。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga expressed strong displeasure over the incidents, saying, “Such acts are shameful and can never be pardoned in this country.” It was a natural reaction.
菅官房長官が「わが国として受け入れられるものではなく、恥ずべきこと」と、強い不快感を示したのは当然である。
The Metropolitan Police Department has established an investigation headquarters, a rare move in property damage cases, as it works to find the culprit.
警視庁は器物損壊事件として異例の捜査本部を設置し、犯人の割り出しを急いでいる。
This vandalism cannot be shrugged off as simple property damage. This crime could trample on the efforts of many men and women who have looked squarely at history and fought against discrimination based on prejudice.
一連の事件は、単なる器物損壊では片づけられない。歴史の汚点を直視し、偏見に基づく差別を克服しようとしてきた人類の努力を踏みにじる行為だからだ。
“The Diary of a Young Girl” is a notebook left behind by Anne Frank, a Jewish girl who lived with her family in a hidden room of a house in the Netherlands to evade being detected and forcibly relocated by the Nazis during World War II. The diary expresses her anxieties and fears as well as hope for the future.
「アンネの日記」は、第２次大戦下のオランダで、ナチスの強制連行から逃れるため、家族と共に隠れ家で生活したユダヤ人少女、アンネ・フランクが残した手記だ。不安、恐怖と共に未来への希望がつづられている。
The Japanese translation of the diary has been read for generations. The original diary was registered as a Memory of the World in 2009.
日本でも多くの人々に読み継がれてきた。２００９年には世界記憶遺産にも登録された。
Other books damaged in the incidents include materials relating to Chiune Sugihara, who served as Japan’s vice consul in Lithuania during World War II. Sugihara is remembered for his act of conscience, issuing transit visas to Japan to 6,000 Jewish refugees fleeing the Nazis.
「アンネの日記」のほか、第２次大戦中、駐リトアニア領事代理だった杉原千畝の関連書籍なども被害を受けた。杉原は、ナチスから逃れたユダヤ人難民６０００人に自らの判断で日本通過のビザを発給したことで知られる。
An organized act?
The Simon Wiesenthal Center, a Jewish human rights organization in the United States, has expressed deep concern over the incidents. The organization suspects that the vandalism was committed by “an organized effort to denigrate the memory” of Jewish victims of the Holocaust.
事件について、米国のユダヤ系人権団体「サイモン・ウィーゼンタール・センター」は「深い懸念」を表明した。虐殺犠牲者の記憶を侮辱する組織的試みがあるのではないか、とも指摘している。
One matter of concern is whether these incidents will fuel the spread of mistaken perceptions of Japan around the world.
日本に対する誤った認識が世界に広がらないか、心配だ。
Some media outlets in the United States and South Korea have reported on the incidents, connecting them to a purported rightward shift in Japan. Their arguments miss the mark, because they draw mainly on discourse from an extremely limited number of Internet posts expressing admiration for Adolf Hitler.
米国や韓国などの一部メディアは、「日本の右傾化」と関連づけて報じている。ヒトラーを礼賛するような、ネット上の極めて限られた言説などを根拠としているが、的外れな論調である。
Japan has never engaged in anti-Semitism, even during the prewar period.
日本は、戦前も含め、反ユダヤ政策に同調したことはない。
The Israeli Embassy in Tokyo has received many phone calls and e-mails of apology and encouragement from the Japanese people.
在日イスラエル大使館には、日本国民から謝罪や励ましの電話、メールが多数寄せられている。
The embassy expressed gratitude for these sentiments, calling the damage to the books sad, adding that they had also received warm words of support from the Japanese people. The embassy also donated more than 300 copies of Anne Frank-related books to the libraries affected by the vandalism.
大使館でも「被害は悲しいが、日本のみなさんから温かく励ましの言葉をもらった」と感謝の意を表し、被害を受けた図書館に約３００冊の本を寄贈した。
Libraries are tasked with providing intellectual wealth to the people. As a defensive measure, Tokyo libraries have begun putting Anne Frank-related books on shelves within sight of library staff. We hope to see an early resolution to this shameful vandalism.
図書館は、知の資産を市民に提供する場である。都内の図書館では、自衛策として関連図書を職員の目が届く場所に置いている。事件の早期解決を望みたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 4, 2014)
（2014年3月4日01時54分 読売新聞）
2014年03月05日
ウクライナ危機 露の軍事介入は容認できない
The Yomiuri Shimbun March 03, 2014
Russia’s military intervention in Ukraine is absolutely unacceptable
ウクライナ危機 露の軍事介入は容認できない（3月3日付・読売社説）
The situation in Ukraine has become increasingly tense. There are absolutely no circumstances under which Russia should be allowed to conduct a military intervention in Ukraine.
ウクライナ情勢が緊迫の度を増してきた。ロシアの軍事介入は到底認められない。
Russian President Vladimir Putin submitted a motion Saturday to the upper house of Russia’s parliament to exercise Moscow’s military might in the territory of Ukraine, and obtained the permission of the legislature.
ロシアのプーチン大統領は、ウクライナ領内で軍事力を行使することを上院に提案し、承認を得た。
In seeking parliamentary approval, Putin insisted the plan to send military forces is aimed at “protecting the lives of Russian citizens and military personnel” amid political turmoil until Ukraine is stabilized.
政治が正常化するまで、「ロシアの国民・同胞、ロシア軍要員の安全を守る」のが目的だという。
There are certainly many Russian-speaking residents in Ukraine, which was part of the former Soviet Union. What Russia likely aims to do, however, is put pressure on Ukraine’s new government, which is friendly to the United States and European countries and came into being by ousting a pro-Russia president, with a view to keeping Ukraine in Russia’s sphere of influence.
旧ソ連の一部だったウクライナにロシア系住民が多いのは確かだ。だが、ロシアの狙いは、親露派の大統領を解任して誕生した親欧米政権に圧力をかけて、ウクライナをロシアの勢力圏につなぎとめておくことではないか。
Russia’s military intervention plans target the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in southern Ukraine.
ロシアが、軍事介入の準備を進めているのは、ウクライナ南部のクリミア自治共和国だ。
In the Crimea region, residents who identify as Russian account for about 60 percent of the population. The president of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is friendly to the Russian Federation, and some residents have repeatedly called for Crimea to break off from Ukraine.
クリミアはロシア系住民が全体の約６割を占める。自治共和国首相も親露派で、住民の間からウクライナからの分離を求める声がかねて上がっていた。
Russia has its key Black Sea Fleet stationed in a naval port on the Black Sea. An airport and other installations in the port’s vicinity have already been seized by Russian troops.
黒海沿いの軍港にはロシアの黒海艦隊が駐留している。空港などは既にロシア軍兵士によって占拠されている。
Avoid chaos, bloodshed
Should Russia resort to a full-scale military intervention, it would certainly have an impact not only on Crimea but also the entire eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, where many Russians live. Demands from separatists in those areas would intensify all the more, aggravating the chaos.
ロシアが本格的な軍事介入に踏み切れば、クリミアだけでなく、ロシア系住民の多い東部や南部全体に影響が及ぶのは確実だ。住民の分離要求は一層激しくなり、混乱は拡大しよう。
There are even concerns that the western region of Ukraine, which has tilted in favor of Europe, and the country’s pro-Russia eastern and southern regions could possibly move toward a split.
親欧州的傾向の強い西部と親露的傾向が強い東部・南部が分裂に向かう可能性すら懸念される。
In 2008, Russia made military inroads into Georgia, whose administration was also friendly to the United States and Europe, under the claim of protecting Russian nationals, incurring condemnation from the international community. Moscow must never repeat the same mistake.
ロシアは２００８年に、ウクライナ同様の親欧米政権だったグルジアに自国民保護の名目で武力侵攻し、国際的非難を浴びた。同じ過ちを繰り返してはならない。
It is essential for the international community to step up efforts to ensure that Putin stops short of engaging in military intervention.
国際社会が、軍事介入を思いとどまるよう、プーチン氏への働きかけを強めることが肝要だ。
U.S. President Barack Obama spoke with Putin by telephone on Saturday, expressing his “deep concern” about Russia’s behavior, which he called a “violation of international law.” Although Obama subsequently called for Russia to pull its troops out of Crimea, the talks ended inconclusively.
米国のオバマ大統領は、電話会談で、プーチン氏に対し、ロシアの行動は「国際法違反だ」として「深い懸念」を表明した。その上で、露軍兵士を撤収させるよう求めたが、物別れに終わった。
An emergency session of the U.N. Security Council was convened on Saturday, during which Russia was strongly criticized by ambassadors of various countries.
国連安全保障理事会でも緊急会合が開かれ、各国大使からロシアへの強い非難が相次いだ。
The United States and Canada have indicated they are poised to boycott Moscow’s plans to host a Group of Eight economic summit scheduled for June at Russia’s Black Sea resort of Sochi if Russia intervenes militarily in Ukraine.
米国やカナダは、軍事介入があれば、６月にロシアのソチで行われる主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）をボイコットする構えだ。
The government must carefully consider how to respond to the situation.
日本政府の対応も問われよう。
Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida has made a statement on the matter, calling on all parties involved in the situation in Crimea to “exercise maximum restraint and act responsibly by respecting the rule of law and the territorial integrity” of Ukraine.
岸田外相は、「全ての当事者が法の支配と領土の一体性を尊重し、最大限の自制を発揮するよう求める」との談話を発表した。
Putin is strongly urged to listen to voices from the international community and do his utmost to avoid the chaos and bloodshed that could be brought about by military intervention.
プーチン氏は、国際社会の声に耳を傾け、軍事介入がもたらす混乱と流血を回避すべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 3, 2014)
（2014年3月3日02時12分 読売新聞）
Russia’s military intervention in Ukraine is absolutely unacceptable
ウクライナ危機 露の軍事介入は容認できない（3月3日付・読売社説）
The situation in Ukraine has become increasingly tense. There are absolutely no circumstances under which Russia should be allowed to conduct a military intervention in Ukraine.
ウクライナ情勢が緊迫の度を増してきた。ロシアの軍事介入は到底認められない。
Russian President Vladimir Putin submitted a motion Saturday to the upper house of Russia’s parliament to exercise Moscow’s military might in the territory of Ukraine, and obtained the permission of the legislature.
ロシアのプーチン大統領は、ウクライナ領内で軍事力を行使することを上院に提案し、承認を得た。
In seeking parliamentary approval, Putin insisted the plan to send military forces is aimed at “protecting the lives of Russian citizens and military personnel” amid political turmoil until Ukraine is stabilized.
政治が正常化するまで、「ロシアの国民・同胞、ロシア軍要員の安全を守る」のが目的だという。
There are certainly many Russian-speaking residents in Ukraine, which was part of the former Soviet Union. What Russia likely aims to do, however, is put pressure on Ukraine’s new government, which is friendly to the United States and European countries and came into being by ousting a pro-Russia president, with a view to keeping Ukraine in Russia’s sphere of influence.
旧ソ連の一部だったウクライナにロシア系住民が多いのは確かだ。だが、ロシアの狙いは、親露派の大統領を解任して誕生した親欧米政権に圧力をかけて、ウクライナをロシアの勢力圏につなぎとめておくことではないか。
Russia’s military intervention plans target the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in southern Ukraine.
ロシアが、軍事介入の準備を進めているのは、ウクライナ南部のクリミア自治共和国だ。
In the Crimea region, residents who identify as Russian account for about 60 percent of the population. The president of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is friendly to the Russian Federation, and some residents have repeatedly called for Crimea to break off from Ukraine.
クリミアはロシア系住民が全体の約６割を占める。自治共和国首相も親露派で、住民の間からウクライナからの分離を求める声がかねて上がっていた。
Russia has its key Black Sea Fleet stationed in a naval port on the Black Sea. An airport and other installations in the port’s vicinity have already been seized by Russian troops.
黒海沿いの軍港にはロシアの黒海艦隊が駐留している。空港などは既にロシア軍兵士によって占拠されている。
Avoid chaos, bloodshed
Should Russia resort to a full-scale military intervention, it would certainly have an impact not only on Crimea but also the entire eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, where many Russians live. Demands from separatists in those areas would intensify all the more, aggravating the chaos.
ロシアが本格的な軍事介入に踏み切れば、クリミアだけでなく、ロシア系住民の多い東部や南部全体に影響が及ぶのは確実だ。住民の分離要求は一層激しくなり、混乱は拡大しよう。
There are even concerns that the western region of Ukraine, which has tilted in favor of Europe, and the country’s pro-Russia eastern and southern regions could possibly move toward a split.
親欧州的傾向の強い西部と親露的傾向が強い東部・南部が分裂に向かう可能性すら懸念される。
In 2008, Russia made military inroads into Georgia, whose administration was also friendly to the United States and Europe, under the claim of protecting Russian nationals, incurring condemnation from the international community. Moscow must never repeat the same mistake.
ロシアは２００８年に、ウクライナ同様の親欧米政権だったグルジアに自国民保護の名目で武力侵攻し、国際的非難を浴びた。同じ過ちを繰り返してはならない。
It is essential for the international community to step up efforts to ensure that Putin stops short of engaging in military intervention.
国際社会が、軍事介入を思いとどまるよう、プーチン氏への働きかけを強めることが肝要だ。
U.S. President Barack Obama spoke with Putin by telephone on Saturday, expressing his “deep concern” about Russia’s behavior, which he called a “violation of international law.” Although Obama subsequently called for Russia to pull its troops out of Crimea, the talks ended inconclusively.
米国のオバマ大統領は、電話会談で、プーチン氏に対し、ロシアの行動は「国際法違反だ」として「深い懸念」を表明した。その上で、露軍兵士を撤収させるよう求めたが、物別れに終わった。
An emergency session of the U.N. Security Council was convened on Saturday, during which Russia was strongly criticized by ambassadors of various countries.
国連安全保障理事会でも緊急会合が開かれ、各国大使からロシアへの強い非難が相次いだ。
The United States and Canada have indicated they are poised to boycott Moscow’s plans to host a Group of Eight economic summit scheduled for June at Russia’s Black Sea resort of Sochi if Russia intervenes militarily in Ukraine.
米国やカナダは、軍事介入があれば、６月にロシアのソチで行われる主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）をボイコットする構えだ。
The government must carefully consider how to respond to the situation.
日本政府の対応も問われよう。
Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida has made a statement on the matter, calling on all parties involved in the situation in Crimea to “exercise maximum restraint and act responsibly by respecting the rule of law and the territorial integrity” of Ukraine.
岸田外相は、「全ての当事者が法の支配と領土の一体性を尊重し、最大限の自制を発揮するよう求める」との談話を発表した。
Putin is strongly urged to listen to voices from the international community and do his utmost to avoid the chaos and bloodshed that could be brought about by military intervention.
プーチン氏は、国際社会の声に耳を傾け、軍事介入がもたらす混乱と流血を回避すべきである。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, March 3, 2014)
（2014年3月3日02時12分 読売新聞）