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2018年04月02日
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2018年03月28日
2018年03月27日
旅の終わりに
どんなに楽しい旅であっても、終りのない旅はない。
また、どんなに苦しい旅であっても、終りのない旅はない。
どんな旅であっても、終りはかならずやってくるのだ。
旅は人生の縮図であるともいえるし、
旅とは実は人生そのものだということもできる。
一昨日２０１１年５月１日、夜８時半にコンケン駅で列車に飛び乗った。
２等車の座席は満席だった。
しかたなくバンコク、ホアランポーン駅まで３等車の狭くて堅い座席で我慢した。
さらに、ディーゼル車の先頭車両だったので、音がものすごく、排気ガスが容赦なく目や喉（のど）を責めたてる。
列車は到着予定時刻の早朝５時より大幅に遅れて６時過ぎにホアランポーン駅に滑り込んだ。
９時間に及ぶ、拷問のようなつらい時間であった。
それでは、悪いことばかりだったのか。
答えはノーだ。
普段めったに交際できないタイ人家族と心も体も触れあう旅が楽しめた。
真向かいの体重８０キロ超のおばさんは３０歳くらい。
４〜５歳の男の子を抱いている。
この堅い座席に座っているだけでも辛いのに子供を抱いているお母さんは柔和な表情をしている。
ときどき子供がむずかって、熟睡できないのか大声で泣きじゃぐる。
もしも白人の座席が近くにあれば間違いなくクレームをつけられるケースだ。
周囲のタイ人、全く動じない。動じているのは眠りを妨げられたスラチャイくらいのものだ。
満席状態で立ち席の人も多くいる。なんだか昔の日本の夜行列車の風景だ。
斜め前の２０〜３０代の姉妹。なかなかの美形だ。
スラチャイが美人だなって見つめているとそれを見透かされたように笑顔を返してくる。
やがて妹のほうが眠りはじめて、姉の右肩に頭を埋めてこっくりしている。
こんなところでも美しい姉妹愛は人を感動させる。
もしもスラチャイが若くて独身だったら間違いなく話しかけているケースだ。
ずーっと向こうの席では、美しい２０代の女性が大股開きでご開帳。
スラチャイが見て見ぬふりをして、そっと覗いていると、覗かれているのが分かるのか、閉じられてしまう。
こんな馬鹿なこと繰り返しているうちにも列車はひたすらバンコクを目指してがったんごっとん。
ご開帳のこの女性が突然目を覚ましてスラチャイと目があう。
赤くなって下を向いたのはスラチャイのほうであった。
横の３０〜４０代のおばさん、スラチャイの横でやたらと姿勢をかえる。
そうでなくとも密着しているので、とても寝ていられる状態ではない。
スラチャイの左肩に頭を埋めて熟睡しているこの女性の首をしめてやろうかと思った。
こちらは一睡もしていないのだぞ！
コンケンからバンコクまでたくさんの駅に停車する。
深夜に列車が駅に到着する毎に大勢の物売りが乗り込んできて商いを行う。
次の停車駅までが勝負なので、深夜にもかかわらず大声が飛び交う。
タイの夜行列車でも三等車の車内はこの雰囲気なのでとても眠ることなどできないのだ。
売り子のなかにはまだ１０代の美しいタイ娘がいたりするので、眠りかけていたスラチャイも現金なもの。
すぐに飛び起きて、飲み物や食べ物を買ってしまう。
サラパオ（中華まんじゅう）のお姉さんはまだ子供、多分１４〜１５歳。美人だったな。
すらりと伸びた美しい姿態に圧倒されてしまった。
一瞬の静けさは、これらの売り子が列車を降りてしまって、次の売り子が乗り込むまでのわずかな時間だけなのだ。
明け方の６時半ころホアランポーン駅に到着した。
車内では乗車券のチェックがあるが駅の出口には係員さえいない。
誰でも自由に出たり入ったりできる。
３バーツ支払ってトイレを借りる。
タイでは公共トイレは有料なのだ。
電気カミソリでばりばりとひげを剃ると周囲のタイ人たちが珍しそうな顔をする。
かまわず歯を磨いて、顔を洗う。
爽快な気分が体いっぱいにあふれてくる。
ホアランポーン駅から徒歩１０分で楽宮旅社、北京飯店がある。
スワニーさん元気にしているだろうか。
スワニーさんはまもなく８０歳になる女性。
日本の貧乏旅行者（バックパッカー）にとって、楽宮旅社、北京飯店は聖地である。
欧米人のバックパッカーがカオサンを目指すのと好対照なのだ。
スワニーさんの料理はそのスピードが信条。いつもさっとおいしい日本料理を食べさせてくれる。
バンコクで遊びほうけてお金がなくなっては、ここで安い日本食を食べさせてもらった。
無性にスワニーさんに会いたくなった。
誘惑を断ち切って、ホアランポーン駅の地下鉄に飛び乗る。
日本大使館のあるルムピニまでわずか三つ目の駅であり、１０分くらいで到着する。
早朝７時に日本大使館に到着、人影は全くない。
大使館領事部は８時半に業務開始であるが、８時には中に入れる。
８時にドアーが開くまで、チェンマイからやってきたビザ取得が目的の女性と、とりとめのない会話をする。
彼女は横須賀に行くと言っていた。
９時に在留証明申請を受け付けてもらったら、わずか３０分で発行された。
大使の署名付きであるが、最近大使が人事異動で入れ替わっていた。
タイの大使は入れ替わりが激しいような印象を受ける。
これでは地に着いた大使館業務、サービスは難しいのではと思った。
大使は日本を代表する表看板なのだから。
職員はこの１０年変わっていないようだ。
タイ語は流ちょうでもプライドが高すぎるような印象を受けた。（受け付けてもらった女性）
９時半に大使館の前からタクシーに飛び乗って、北バスターミナルへ。
いつもは高速道路を利用するが、運転手が今日はすいているので下を走りたいと抜かす。
何のことはない、時間をかけても走行距離を稼ぎたかっただけなのだ。
なつかしいあの道、この道、全部覚えていた。まるで昨日のことのように。
当時、バンコクの端から端までタクシーに乗っても１００バーツを超すことはなかった。
北バスターミナルでメーターを見たら、１３７バーツとなっていたので、１４０バーツ支払った。
高速道路を利用すれば８０バーツくらいなのだが、高速道路料金４０バーツは客が支払う。
結局、時間の浪費であったが、バンコク観光をした気分にはひたれた。
１０時半のバスに飛び乗って、夕方４時にはコンケンに無事戻ることができた。
コンケンのバスターミナルからローマホテルまで徒歩５分。
ローマホテルに駐車していた車に飛び乗って、団地に戻る。
まだ明るいので、娘たちは元気に外で遊んでいた。
バンコクからコンケンに戻ると空気までちがう。
安堵のため息をついたあとで、家族でローマホテルに出かけソレントレストランで食事をした。
酒を飲むので帰りはいつもタクシー。
わずか１００バーツのタクシー代をけちって、事故っても情けない話だから。
私は小さな幸せを感じていた。
2018年03月24日
2018年03月13日
What Can Be Done for a Nuclear Deal with North Korea?
Many people were shocked last week by news of the planned talks between the leaders of the United States and North Korea. U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un are supposed to meet by May.
Yet as of Monday, the Associated Press noted that North Korean media had yet to confirm the meeting. A South Korean spokesman said, “I feel they’re approaching this matter with caution and they need time to organize their stance.”
South Korea's National Security Office head Chung Eui-yong, center, Cho Yoon-je, the South Korean Ambassador to the U.S., right, and National Intelligence Service chief Suh Hoon, left, make an announcement about North Korea and the Trump administration last week.
Observers say the meeting has raised expectations of progress in resolving the nuclear crisis on the Korean peninsula. But they warn the process leading to removal of all nuclear weapons from the area is complex.
Can a deal be reached?
On Saturday, Trump said his talks with Kim could end with no agreement or they could be “the greatest deal for the world.”
Cheong Seong-chang is an expert on North Korea at the Sejong Institute in South Korea. He is hopeful about the meeting.
“It is expected that there will be more rapid progress regarding the freezing and dismantling of the North Korean nuclear program than in the past, as the leaders of the U.S. and North Korea will meet directly this time,” he said.
Experts suggest North Korea could offer to stop developing intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM). The country has said its missiles can hit the United States.
The experts believe that North Korea could announce an extension of its freeze on missile and nuclear tests. They also say the North could even offer to reduce the amount of nuclear materials it has saved for making nuclear weapons.
It is unclear what the U.S. government might offer in return. The Trump administration is concerned about offering help in exchange for promises. Officials note that North Korea failed to honor earlier agreements.
Experts suggest the U.S. would likely demand that international inspectors be given permission to verify any freeze or break up of the nuclear program. Only then, they say, would economic actions against the North be reduced.
However, the U.S. government would have to offer something that North Korea wants in return.
Go Myong-Hyun is a North Korea expert with the Asan Institute for Policy Studies in Seoul. He said, “In order to make the whole process successful, for which Donald Trump will be responsible, he would have to provide economic concessions.”
Both sides have acted to moderate the situation
North Korea and the United States have made the possibility of talks more likely by easing tensions.
The North Korean government has not tested nuclear weapons or long distance missiles since November of last year.
The U.S. side has dropped its condition that North Korea take real measures to end its nuclear program before talks can begin. The Trump administration, however, says its “maximum pressure” campaign will remain in place until a deal is reached.
The U.S. has led efforts in the United Nations Security Council to put in place sanctions that have cost North Korea billions of dollars in trade. Security Council measures also have punished individuals and companies linked to the North Korean government.
Concerns about North Korea’s true goals
Some experts are concerned that North Korea could be seeking to delay international action while strengthening its nuclear program.
A North Korean nuclear plant is seen before demolishing a cooling tower (R) in Yongbyon, in this photo taken June 27, 2008 and released by Kyodo. North Korea is to restart the mothballed Yongbyon nuclear reactor that has been closed since 2007.
Some experts think North Korea has from 13 to 30 nuclear weapons. The North continues to produce nuclear fuel, plutonium, at its Yongbyon nuclear center.
Experts say it could take years for inspectors to confirm that the production had been stopped. In that time, they say, North Korea could add to its nuclear weapons stockpile.
The Asan Institute’s Go Myong-Hyun said, “If North Korea can have nuclear weapons for the next 20 years in the process of nuclear disarmament, then North Korea becomes a de facto nuclear state.”
Many issues, sides to be considered
South Korean President Moon Jae-in is to hold talks with Kim Jong Un in April before the proposed meeting with the U.S. president
Moon and Kim are expected to talk about a proposal for restarting communications between the North and South Korean militaries. Other subjects for discussion include reunions for families separated by the Korean War and restarting humanitarian aid.
The Moon administration also may offer North Korea an economic deal tied to progress in denuclearization.
North Korean workers assemble jackets at a factory of a South Korean-owned company at the jointly-run Kaesong Industrial Complex, in Kaesong, North Korea, on Dec. 19, 2013.
The South Korean leader might offer to reopen the Kaesong industrial center, which was closed after a North Korean nuclear test in 2016. The factory complex provided jobs to thousands of North Koreans. The international community accused the North of using money from the complex for its weapons programs.
On Monday, South Korea’s national security adviser praised China, another country with an interest in the denuclearization talks.
The official, Chung Eui-yong, met with Yang Jiechi, China’s top foreign policy adviser.
Chung said South Korean government officials “believe that various advances toward achieving the goal of peace and denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula were made with active support and contribution from President Xi Jinping and the Chinese government.”
Yang repeated China’s position that it wants denuclearization on the Korean Peninsula and problems to be solved through talks.
A permanent peace?
In the past, North Korea has called for a permanent peace to replace the armistice that ended fighting in the Korean War.
Cheong Soeng Chang spoke about the possibility of North Korea giving up its nuclear and missile programs. For that to happen, he said, “the United States will have to cease all joint South Korea-US military exercises, completely eliminate the international community’s sanctions on North Korea, and to accept establishing diplomatic ties between the US and North Korea.”
The United States and South Korea have said they oppose ending their long military alliance in exchange for the North’s denuclearization.
The U.S. military currently keeps about 28,000 soldiers and other armed forces members in South Korea.
2017年11月15日
South Korea Says North Shot at Soldier Trying to Defect
North Korean soldiers shot at and wounded another soldier who was crossing the border between the North and South.
The South Korean military said Monday the soldier was trying to defect in the Joint Security Area of the Demilitarized Zone, or DMZ.
North Korean soldiers have crossed the border to defect at times. But it is rare for a North Korean soldier to defect by crossing the DMZ. North and South Korean soldiers stand meters away from each other.
The North Korean soldier left from a guard post at the northern side of Panmunjom village to the southern side of the village. He was shot in the shoulder and elbow and was taken to a South Korean hospital, said the South’s Defense Ministry.
It was not immediately known how serious his injuries were or why he decided to defect.
South Korean troops found the injured soldier south of the border after hearing the sound of gunfire. South Korean troops did not fire at Northern soldiers, a South Korean Defense Ministry official said.
The defection came at a time of heightened tension over North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. North Korea has normally accused South Korea of enticing its citizens to defect, something the South denies.
Panmunjom and other DMZ areas are guarded by hundreds of thousands of troops from North Korea and the United Nations Command. The command includes troops from the United States and South Korea.
The area is a popular stop for visitors from both sides. American presidents often visit the DMZ during their trips to South Korea. President Donald Trump planned to visit the DMZ during his visit to South Korea. But bad weather prevented his helicopter from landing near the border area.
It is estimated that about 30,000 North Koreans have defected to South Korea since the end of the Korean War in 1953. But most of them travel through China.
In 1998, a North Korean soldier fled to the South through the DMZ, but there have been few incidents in recent years.
Earlier in 1976, North Korean soldiers with axes and knives attacked a group of soldiers in the DMZ, killing two American soldiers and injuring five South Korean soldiers. The U.S. then flew nuclear-capable B-52 bombers toward the DMZ as a warning to North Korea.
In 1984, North Korean and U.N. Command soldiers exchanged gunfire after a Soviet citizen defected by sprinting to the South Korean side of the village. Three North Korean soldiers and one South Korean soldier died in the gunfire.
The South Korean military said Monday the soldier was trying to defect in the Joint Security Area of the Demilitarized Zone, or DMZ.
North Korean soldiers have crossed the border to defect at times. But it is rare for a North Korean soldier to defect by crossing the DMZ. North and South Korean soldiers stand meters away from each other.
The North Korean soldier left from a guard post at the northern side of Panmunjom village to the southern side of the village. He was shot in the shoulder and elbow and was taken to a South Korean hospital, said the South’s Defense Ministry.
It was not immediately known how serious his injuries were or why he decided to defect.
South Korean troops found the injured soldier south of the border after hearing the sound of gunfire. South Korean troops did not fire at Northern soldiers, a South Korean Defense Ministry official said.
The defection came at a time of heightened tension over North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. North Korea has normally accused South Korea of enticing its citizens to defect, something the South denies.
Panmunjom and other DMZ areas are guarded by hundreds of thousands of troops from North Korea and the United Nations Command. The command includes troops from the United States and South Korea.
The area is a popular stop for visitors from both sides. American presidents often visit the DMZ during their trips to South Korea. President Donald Trump planned to visit the DMZ during his visit to South Korea. But bad weather prevented his helicopter from landing near the border area.
It is estimated that about 30,000 North Koreans have defected to South Korea since the end of the Korean War in 1953. But most of them travel through China.
In 1998, a North Korean soldier fled to the South through the DMZ, but there have been few incidents in recent years.
Earlier in 1976, North Korean soldiers with axes and knives attacked a group of soldiers in the DMZ, killing two American soldiers and injuring five South Korean soldiers. The U.S. then flew nuclear-capable B-52 bombers toward the DMZ as a warning to North Korea.
In 1984, North Korean and U.N. Command soldiers exchanged gunfire after a Soviet citizen defected by sprinting to the South Korean side of the village. Three North Korean soldiers and one South Korean soldier died in the gunfire.
2017年11月03日
Today's math question
Today's math question
2017-11-03
question
１，１，１，５，５，５の６つの数字のうちから３つを選んで，３けたの数をつくるとき，□ 通りの整数ができます。
When choosing 3 out of 6 numbers of 1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, and making a 3-digit number, you can make □ types of integer.
เมื่อเลือก 3 ใน 6 จำนวน 1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5 และสร้างตัวเลข 3 หลัก จะสามารถสร้าง □ ชนิดของจำนวนเต็ม
วิธีทำ
2x2x2=8 ชนิด
2017-11-03
question
１，１，１，５，５，５の６つの数字のうちから３つを選んで，３けたの数をつくるとき，□ 通りの整数ができます。
When choosing 3 out of 6 numbers of 1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5, and making a 3-digit number, you can make □ types of integer.
เมื่อเลือก 3 ใน 6 จำนวน 1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 5 และสร้างตัวเลข 3 หลัก จะสามารถสร้าง □ ชนิดของจำนวนเต็ม
วิธีทำ
2x2x2=8 ชนิด
2016年10月01日
US Brings Legal Action Against Chinese Company for North Korea Ties
2016-10-01 from VOA
US Brings Legal Action Against Chinese Company for North Korea Ties
The United States announced criminal charges and economic sanctions against four Chinese individuals and a Chinese company earlier this week.
The U.S. government said it acted to punish them for suspected support for North Korea's nuclear weapons program.
On Wednesday, a State Department official suggested that more Chinese companies and individuals could face investigation for suspected violations of sanctions on North Korea.
The State Department’s coordinator for Sanctions Policy, Daniel Fried, spoke to the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee.
He said, “It would also be useful if Chinese banks and companies understood that increasingly dealing with North Korean companies, especially those that are sanctioned, is going to be risky.”
Two days earlier, the Treasury Department announced criminal charges and economic actions against a Chinese seller of industrial machinery. It named four top officials of Dandong Hongxiang Industrial Developmental Company Limited (DHID).
The four include the company’s chairwoman, Ma Xiaohong. They are accused of plotting to avoid sanctions against North Korea, and using American financial businesses to hide the money they earned illegally.
Chinese officials also are investigating the company. They are looking at its connection with the Kwangson Banking Corporation, a North Korean bank. U.S. and United Nations have said the bank has provided financial services in support of North Korea’s weapons programs.
A State Department officials said, “This shows we can work cooperatively with China; we both see it in our interests to apply greater pressure on North Korea.”
On Tuesday, a Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs official spoke to reporters about the U.S. action. Spokesman Geng Shuang said China was prepared to support U.N. resolutions against North Korea. The resolutions call for sanctions to punish the North for its nuclear and missile tests.
However, the spokesman expressed opposition to other countries using their own laws against companies or people within China.
“I want to stress that we oppose any country enacting so-called ‘long-arm jurisdiction,’ using its own domestic laws against a Chinese entity or individual,” he said.
In March, China agreed to the strongest U.N. Security Council sanctions yet to limit trade with North Korea.
The council's members have approved other actions to punish the country for its nuclear activities and missile program. Those restrictions have largely halted North Korean trade with countries other than China.
North Korea has faced severe international sanctions to punish the country for its nuclear activity and missile program.
Those restrictions have largely halted North Korean trade with countries other than China.
However, new research suggests that North Korean state-operated businesses are using middlemen in China to avoid sanctions.
I’m Mario Ritter.
This story was written from reports by Pete Cobus and Nike Ching for VOA News. Mario Ritter adapted it for VOA Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
_____________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
entity –n. a legal business or organization, something that exists by itself and is separate from other things
middlemen –n. people who buy goods from a producer and sell them to someone else
US Brings Legal Action Against Chinese Company for North Korea Ties
The United States announced criminal charges and economic sanctions against four Chinese individuals and a Chinese company earlier this week.
The U.S. government said it acted to punish them for suspected support for North Korea's nuclear weapons program.
On Wednesday, a State Department official suggested that more Chinese companies and individuals could face investigation for suspected violations of sanctions on North Korea.
The State Department’s coordinator for Sanctions Policy, Daniel Fried, spoke to the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee.
He said, “It would also be useful if Chinese banks and companies understood that increasingly dealing with North Korean companies, especially those that are sanctioned, is going to be risky.”
Two days earlier, the Treasury Department announced criminal charges and economic actions against a Chinese seller of industrial machinery. It named four top officials of Dandong Hongxiang Industrial Developmental Company Limited (DHID).
The four include the company’s chairwoman, Ma Xiaohong. They are accused of plotting to avoid sanctions against North Korea, and using American financial businesses to hide the money they earned illegally.
Chinese officials also are investigating the company. They are looking at its connection with the Kwangson Banking Corporation, a North Korean bank. U.S. and United Nations have said the bank has provided financial services in support of North Korea’s weapons programs.
A State Department officials said, “This shows we can work cooperatively with China; we both see it in our interests to apply greater pressure on North Korea.”
On Tuesday, a Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs official spoke to reporters about the U.S. action. Spokesman Geng Shuang said China was prepared to support U.N. resolutions against North Korea. The resolutions call for sanctions to punish the North for its nuclear and missile tests.
However, the spokesman expressed opposition to other countries using their own laws against companies or people within China.
“I want to stress that we oppose any country enacting so-called ‘long-arm jurisdiction,’ using its own domestic laws against a Chinese entity or individual,” he said.
In March, China agreed to the strongest U.N. Security Council sanctions yet to limit trade with North Korea.
The council's members have approved other actions to punish the country for its nuclear activities and missile program. Those restrictions have largely halted North Korean trade with countries other than China.
North Korea has faced severe international sanctions to punish the country for its nuclear activity and missile program.
Those restrictions have largely halted North Korean trade with countries other than China.
However, new research suggests that North Korean state-operated businesses are using middlemen in China to avoid sanctions.
I’m Mario Ritter.
This story was written from reports by Pete Cobus and Nike Ching for VOA News. Mario Ritter adapted it for VOA Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
_____________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
entity –n. a legal business or organization, something that exists by itself and is separate from other things
middlemen –n. people who buy goods from a producer and sell them to someone else
2016年08月16日
終戦の日 確かな「平和と繁栄」を築こう
The Yomiuri Shimbun
War-end anniversary start for constructive peace, prosperity
終戦の日 確かな「平和と繁栄」を築こう
◆世界に伝える日米の新たな和解◆
Today marks the 71st anniversary of the end of World War II. This day offers an opportunity to mourn the 3.1 million people who died in the war and renew our vow for peace.
７１回目の終戦の日を迎えた。先の大戦で亡くなった３１０万の人々を追悼し、平和への誓いを新たにする日である。
A government-sponsored memorial service for the war dead will be held at the Nippon Budokan hall in Tokyo’s Kitanomaru Park.
東京・北の丸公園の日本武道館では、政府主催の全国戦没者追悼式が行われる。
Aug. 15 has long been established as the anniversary of the war’s end, marking the same day in 1945 when Emperor Showa told the people of the war’s termination.
昭和天皇が国民に終戦を伝えた８月１５日が、日本では長く終戦記念日として定着している。
Strictly speaking, however, the end of all combative activities was formalized on Sept. 2 that year. Aboard the USS Missouri, which was anchored in Tokyo Bay, representatives of Japan and the Allied Powers signed an instrument of surrender on that day.
ただし、戦闘の終結が確定したのは、厳密には９月２日である。東京湾に停泊する米戦艦ミズーリ号上で、日本と連合国の代表が降伏文書に調印した。
Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima
◆真珠湾と広島で発信を
The Battleship Missouri, preserved at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, is open for public viewing. Located at the bottom of the sea nearby, the USS Arizona, the battleship that was sunk during the Japanese surprise attack on the harbor, is the resting place of more than 1,100 officers and sailors.
戦艦ミズーリは現在、ハワイ・ホノルルの真珠湾に係留され、一般公開されている。近くの海底には、日本の奇襲攻撃で撃沈された戦艦アリゾナが、１１００人を超える将兵とともに眠る。
The cry of “No more Hiroshimas” can be answered with “Remember Pearl Harbor!” The atomic bombings and the Pearl Harbor attack are thorns in an unfortunate piece of Japan-U.S. history.
「ノーモア・ヒロシマ」と叫べば、「リメンバー・パールハーバー」と反論される。「原爆投下」と「真珠湾攻撃」は、日米の不幸な歴史のトゲのような存在だ。
During a visit to Pearl Harbor in 1997, then Chinese President Jiang Zemin made a speech in which he said the Chinese and the Americans had “stood side by side in the fight against the fascist invasion.” His speech was intended to emphasize cooperation between the United States and China, and thereby drive a wedge into the Japan-U.S. alliance.
１９９７年に中国の江沢民国家主席が真珠湾を訪問した際、「ファシストの侵略に対して中米両国民は肩を並べて戦った」などと演説したこともあった。米中の連携を強調し、日米同盟に楔くさびを打ち込もうとしたものだ。
However, both Pearl Harbor and Hiroshima are being transformed into a theater of reconciliation.
しかし、真珠湾も広島も、和解の舞台へと変わりつつある。
Since 2013, a tiny folded paper crane has been displayed in a corner of the USS Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor. The origami crane, produced by the late Sadako Sasaki, a survivor of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, was donated by her bereaved family to the memorial. The Children’s Peace Monument in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park is modeled on Sasaki.
真珠湾のアリゾナ記念館の一角には、小さな折り鶴が２０１３年から展示されている。広島平和記念公園内にある「原爆の子の像」のモデル、佐々木禎子さんが折った１羽を、遺族が寄贈した。
The city government in Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture − birthplace of Isoroku Yamamoto, commander in chief of the prewar Combined Fleet, who led the Pearl Harbor raid − has conducted exchange activities with Honolulu since the two cities established a sister-city relationship in 2012.
真珠湾攻撃を指揮した連合艦隊司令長官・山本五十六の出身地、新潟県長岡市は１２年の姉妹都市提携以来、ホノルル市と交流を続ける。
In a memorial ceremony held in August 2015, the 70th year of the postwar period, fireworks from Nagaoka were set off in Pearl Harbor’s night sky, accompanied by a prayer for peace.
戦後７０年の１５年８月の追悼式典では、平和を祈念する長岡の花火が真珠湾の夜空を飾った。
A visit to Hiroshima by U.S. President Barack Obama in May was the result of a wise decision made despite persistent opinion in the United States that the atomic bombings were justified. His 17-minute remarks went right to the hearts of many people. Although the Japanese side has not accepted this inhumane action, it has not demanded an apology from the United States.
今年５月のオバマ米大統領の広島訪問は、米国で原爆投下を正当化する意見が根強い中での英断であり、１７分間に及ぶ声明は多くの人の心を打った。日本側も、非人道的な行為を容認したわけではないが、謝罪を求めなかった。
Obama’s historic visit symbolized the mature nature of Japan-U.S. relations. This has been founded on a relationship of trust built over the years by the two allies, which share such values as freedom, democracy and human rights.
成熟した日米関係を象徴する歴史的な訪問だった。その土台には、自由や民主主義、人権といった価値観を共有する同盟国が長年築いてきた信頼関係がある。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s statement last August expressing anew “remorse and apology” for Japan’s wartime actions has been taken positively by the United States and many other countries.
先の大戦への反省とお詫わびを改めて表明した昨年８月の安倍首相談話は、米国をはじめ、多くの国に肯定的に受け止められた。
The current stable bilateral relations between Japan and the United States should be developed further.
今日の安定した日米関係を、さらに発展させたい。
In contrast to the United States, China continues to use the historical perception issue as a diplomatic card. When Obama visited Hiroshima, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said bluntly that “Nanjing should not be forgotten and deserves even more attention.”
米国とは対照的に、歴史を外交カードにし続けているのが中国である。オバマ氏の広島訪問の際、王毅外相は「南京は更に忘れるべきではない」と言い放った。
China against intl order
◆秩序に挑むのは中国だ
China has unilaterally asserted that 300,000 people were killed during the Nanjing Incident and has had “Documents of the Nanjing Massacre” added to the UNESCO’s Memory of the World list.
中国は、南京事件で３０万人が殺されたと一方的に主張し、「南京大虐殺の文書」のユネスコ世界記憶遺産登録を実現させた。
On the anniversary of the country’s “victory” in the “War of Resistance Against Japan” last September, China held a military parade in front of about 30 heads of state and leaders of the world, emphasizing China as a “victorious nation” in World War II.
昨年９月の「抗日戦勝記念日」には、約３０か国の元首・首脳の前で軍事パレードを披露し、中国が「戦勝国」であると誇示した。
Yet China’s foreign policies as a “victor country,” in which it proclaims that it backed the international order, while trying to change the international maritime order in the East and South China seas through force, has not won empathy from the international community.
だが、東・南シナ海で力による海洋秩序の変更を試みる一方、自らが国際秩序の側にあるように喧伝けんでんする「戦勝国外交」は、国際社会の共感を得ていない。
South Korea, which had attempted to join hands with China in addressing issues related to historical perception, has shifted its stance to improve its relationship with Japan, following the bilateral deal Japan and South Korea reached late last year on the issue of the so-called comfort women. Japan will contribute \1 billion to a foundation set up by South Korea to support former comfort women as early as this month.
中国と“歴史共闘”を進めてきた韓国は、慰安婦問題を巡る昨年末の日韓合意を機に、対日関係の改善に転じた。日本は月内にも、元慰安婦を支援する韓国の財団に１０億円を拠出する方針だ。
Yet a support group for former comfort women and others have not relaxed their stance of opposing the foundation. Also, a comfort woman statue was unveiled at a ceremony in Australia early this month, following similar ceremonies in the United States. The misperception that these women were forcibly taken by the now-defunct Imperial Japanese Army prevails in the world even today.
ただ、元慰安婦支援団体などは、財団に反対する姿勢を崩していない。米国に続いてオーストラリアでも今月上旬、慰安婦像の除幕式が行われた。慰安婦は旧日本軍に強制連行されたという誤解が今なお、世界に広がっている。
Refute distortions
◆史実の歪曲に反論せよ
The Japanese government must continue to appropriately refute distortions of various historical facts related to the war. It is also important to urge China and other countries to abide by the rules of the international community.
日本政府は、戦争に関する様々な史実の歪曲わいきょくに対し、的確な反論を続けねばならない。国際社会のルールの順守を中国などに働きかけることも大切だ。
Efforts must also be made to resolve the issue of the northern territories with Russia.
ロシアとの北方領土問題の解決にも力を入れる必要がある。
A more strategic approach is required for Japan to resolve pending postwar issues with Russia, which remain unsettled even after the passage of 71 years since the end of the war, and conclude a peace treaty.
７１年を経ても未解決の戦後処理問題を決着させ、日露平和条約を締結するには、一段と戦略的なアプローチが求められる。
After Russia’s annexation of Crimea in March 2014, European countries and the United States continue to impose sanctions against that country. In the meantime, Abe has been exploring ways to resolve the territorial issues through repeated talks with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Abe will visit Russia’s Far East early next month at the soonest.
１４年３月のロシアのクリミア併合以降、欧米諸国は対露制裁を続けるが、安倍首相は、プーチン大統領との会談を重ね、領土問題の打開の道を探っている。来月上旬にも、ロシア極東を訪れる。
By pursuing constructive relations with other countries, the peace and prosperity that Japan has been building since the end of the war should be made more solid. Such efforts will also contribute to responding to hopes of those who lost their lives during the war.
各国との建設的な関係を追求して、戦後日本が築いてきた平和と繁栄をより確かなものとしたい。先の大戦で犠牲となった戦没者の思いに応えることにもなろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 15, 2016)
War-end anniversary start for constructive peace, prosperity
終戦の日 確かな「平和と繁栄」を築こう
◆世界に伝える日米の新たな和解◆
Today marks the 71st anniversary of the end of World War II. This day offers an opportunity to mourn the 3.1 million people who died in the war and renew our vow for peace.
７１回目の終戦の日を迎えた。先の大戦で亡くなった３１０万の人々を追悼し、平和への誓いを新たにする日である。
A government-sponsored memorial service for the war dead will be held at the Nippon Budokan hall in Tokyo’s Kitanomaru Park.
東京・北の丸公園の日本武道館では、政府主催の全国戦没者追悼式が行われる。
Aug. 15 has long been established as the anniversary of the war’s end, marking the same day in 1945 when Emperor Showa told the people of the war’s termination.
昭和天皇が国民に終戦を伝えた８月１５日が、日本では長く終戦記念日として定着している。
Strictly speaking, however, the end of all combative activities was formalized on Sept. 2 that year. Aboard the USS Missouri, which was anchored in Tokyo Bay, representatives of Japan and the Allied Powers signed an instrument of surrender on that day.
ただし、戦闘の終結が確定したのは、厳密には９月２日である。東京湾に停泊する米戦艦ミズーリ号上で、日本と連合国の代表が降伏文書に調印した。
Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima
◆真珠湾と広島で発信を
The Battleship Missouri, preserved at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, is open for public viewing. Located at the bottom of the sea nearby, the USS Arizona, the battleship that was sunk during the Japanese surprise attack on the harbor, is the resting place of more than 1,100 officers and sailors.
戦艦ミズーリは現在、ハワイ・ホノルルの真珠湾に係留され、一般公開されている。近くの海底には、日本の奇襲攻撃で撃沈された戦艦アリゾナが、１１００人を超える将兵とともに眠る。
The cry of “No more Hiroshimas” can be answered with “Remember Pearl Harbor!” The atomic bombings and the Pearl Harbor attack are thorns in an unfortunate piece of Japan-U.S. history.
「ノーモア・ヒロシマ」と叫べば、「リメンバー・パールハーバー」と反論される。「原爆投下」と「真珠湾攻撃」は、日米の不幸な歴史のトゲのような存在だ。
During a visit to Pearl Harbor in 1997, then Chinese President Jiang Zemin made a speech in which he said the Chinese and the Americans had “stood side by side in the fight against the fascist invasion.” His speech was intended to emphasize cooperation between the United States and China, and thereby drive a wedge into the Japan-U.S. alliance.
１９９７年に中国の江沢民国家主席が真珠湾を訪問した際、「ファシストの侵略に対して中米両国民は肩を並べて戦った」などと演説したこともあった。米中の連携を強調し、日米同盟に楔くさびを打ち込もうとしたものだ。
However, both Pearl Harbor and Hiroshima are being transformed into a theater of reconciliation.
しかし、真珠湾も広島も、和解の舞台へと変わりつつある。
Since 2013, a tiny folded paper crane has been displayed in a corner of the USS Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor. The origami crane, produced by the late Sadako Sasaki, a survivor of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, was donated by her bereaved family to the memorial. The Children’s Peace Monument in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park is modeled on Sasaki.
真珠湾のアリゾナ記念館の一角には、小さな折り鶴が２０１３年から展示されている。広島平和記念公園内にある「原爆の子の像」のモデル、佐々木禎子さんが折った１羽を、遺族が寄贈した。
The city government in Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture − birthplace of Isoroku Yamamoto, commander in chief of the prewar Combined Fleet, who led the Pearl Harbor raid − has conducted exchange activities with Honolulu since the two cities established a sister-city relationship in 2012.
真珠湾攻撃を指揮した連合艦隊司令長官・山本五十六の出身地、新潟県長岡市は１２年の姉妹都市提携以来、ホノルル市と交流を続ける。
In a memorial ceremony held in August 2015, the 70th year of the postwar period, fireworks from Nagaoka were set off in Pearl Harbor’s night sky, accompanied by a prayer for peace.
戦後７０年の１５年８月の追悼式典では、平和を祈念する長岡の花火が真珠湾の夜空を飾った。
A visit to Hiroshima by U.S. President Barack Obama in May was the result of a wise decision made despite persistent opinion in the United States that the atomic bombings were justified. His 17-minute remarks went right to the hearts of many people. Although the Japanese side has not accepted this inhumane action, it has not demanded an apology from the United States.
今年５月のオバマ米大統領の広島訪問は、米国で原爆投下を正当化する意見が根強い中での英断であり、１７分間に及ぶ声明は多くの人の心を打った。日本側も、非人道的な行為を容認したわけではないが、謝罪を求めなかった。
Obama’s historic visit symbolized the mature nature of Japan-U.S. relations. This has been founded on a relationship of trust built over the years by the two allies, which share such values as freedom, democracy and human rights.
成熟した日米関係を象徴する歴史的な訪問だった。その土台には、自由や民主主義、人権といった価値観を共有する同盟国が長年築いてきた信頼関係がある。
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s statement last August expressing anew “remorse and apology” for Japan’s wartime actions has been taken positively by the United States and many other countries.
先の大戦への反省とお詫わびを改めて表明した昨年８月の安倍首相談話は、米国をはじめ、多くの国に肯定的に受け止められた。
The current stable bilateral relations between Japan and the United States should be developed further.
今日の安定した日米関係を、さらに発展させたい。
In contrast to the United States, China continues to use the historical perception issue as a diplomatic card. When Obama visited Hiroshima, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said bluntly that “Nanjing should not be forgotten and deserves even more attention.”
米国とは対照的に、歴史を外交カードにし続けているのが中国である。オバマ氏の広島訪問の際、王毅外相は「南京は更に忘れるべきではない」と言い放った。
China against intl order
◆秩序に挑むのは中国だ
China has unilaterally asserted that 300,000 people were killed during the Nanjing Incident and has had “Documents of the Nanjing Massacre” added to the UNESCO’s Memory of the World list.
中国は、南京事件で３０万人が殺されたと一方的に主張し、「南京大虐殺の文書」のユネスコ世界記憶遺産登録を実現させた。
On the anniversary of the country’s “victory” in the “War of Resistance Against Japan” last September, China held a military parade in front of about 30 heads of state and leaders of the world, emphasizing China as a “victorious nation” in World War II.
昨年９月の「抗日戦勝記念日」には、約３０か国の元首・首脳の前で軍事パレードを披露し、中国が「戦勝国」であると誇示した。
Yet China’s foreign policies as a “victor country,” in which it proclaims that it backed the international order, while trying to change the international maritime order in the East and South China seas through force, has not won empathy from the international community.
だが、東・南シナ海で力による海洋秩序の変更を試みる一方、自らが国際秩序の側にあるように喧伝けんでんする「戦勝国外交」は、国際社会の共感を得ていない。
South Korea, which had attempted to join hands with China in addressing issues related to historical perception, has shifted its stance to improve its relationship with Japan, following the bilateral deal Japan and South Korea reached late last year on the issue of the so-called comfort women. Japan will contribute \1 billion to a foundation set up by South Korea to support former comfort women as early as this month.
中国と“歴史共闘”を進めてきた韓国は、慰安婦問題を巡る昨年末の日韓合意を機に、対日関係の改善に転じた。日本は月内にも、元慰安婦を支援する韓国の財団に１０億円を拠出する方針だ。
Yet a support group for former comfort women and others have not relaxed their stance of opposing the foundation. Also, a comfort woman statue was unveiled at a ceremony in Australia early this month, following similar ceremonies in the United States. The misperception that these women were forcibly taken by the now-defunct Imperial Japanese Army prevails in the world even today.
ただ、元慰安婦支援団体などは、財団に反対する姿勢を崩していない。米国に続いてオーストラリアでも今月上旬、慰安婦像の除幕式が行われた。慰安婦は旧日本軍に強制連行されたという誤解が今なお、世界に広がっている。
Refute distortions
◆史実の歪曲に反論せよ
The Japanese government must continue to appropriately refute distortions of various historical facts related to the war. It is also important to urge China and other countries to abide by the rules of the international community.
日本政府は、戦争に関する様々な史実の歪曲わいきょくに対し、的確な反論を続けねばならない。国際社会のルールの順守を中国などに働きかけることも大切だ。
Efforts must also be made to resolve the issue of the northern territories with Russia.
ロシアとの北方領土問題の解決にも力を入れる必要がある。
A more strategic approach is required for Japan to resolve pending postwar issues with Russia, which remain unsettled even after the passage of 71 years since the end of the war, and conclude a peace treaty.
７１年を経ても未解決の戦後処理問題を決着させ、日露平和条約を締結するには、一段と戦略的なアプローチが求められる。
After Russia’s annexation of Crimea in March 2014, European countries and the United States continue to impose sanctions against that country. In the meantime, Abe has been exploring ways to resolve the territorial issues through repeated talks with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Abe will visit Russia’s Far East early next month at the soonest.
１４年３月のロシアのクリミア併合以降、欧米諸国は対露制裁を続けるが、安倍首相は、プーチン大統領との会談を重ね、領土問題の打開の道を探っている。来月上旬にも、ロシア極東を訪れる。
By pursuing constructive relations with other countries, the peace and prosperity that Japan has been building since the end of the war should be made more solid. Such efforts will also contribute to responding to hopes of those who lost their lives during the war.
各国との建設的な関係を追求して、戦後日本が築いてきた平和と繁栄をより確かなものとしたい。先の大戦で犠牲となった戦没者の思いに応えることにもなろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Aug. 15, 2016)