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2013年11月12日
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:見る人の心奪う「野球」 ／東京
November 10, 2013(Mainichi Japan)
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: The power of baseball
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:見る人の心奪う「野球」 ／東京
This year's professional baseball Nippon Series really generated a buzz. The Yomiuri Giants and Rakuten Golden Eagles came to the plate with very different histories. Some people were moved to give the Golden Eagles their fervent support simply because they were a team from the disaster-hit northeast.
今年のプロ野球日本シリーズは大変盛り上がった。読売ジャイアンツと東北楽天ゴールデンイーグルスは球団の歴史も、戦歴も対照的。さらにイーグルスは東北の球団だけに被災地へ心を寄せる人たちも熱心に応援した。
Baseball fans were excited elsewhere as well. In American Major League Baseball the Boston Red Sox won the World Series, with Japanese pitchers Koji Uehara and Junichi Tazawa greatly contributing to the victory and grabbing the attention of fans in Japan, as well as those in the United States.
海の向こうの米国メジャーリーグではボストン・レッドソックスがワールドシリーズ制覇を果たしたが、同球団所属の上原浩治、田沢純一両投手が大活躍し、こちらも日米のファンは大いに沸いた。
This talk about baseball reminds me of the 1976 Academy Award winner "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest."
野球といえば１９７６年のアカデミー賞映画「カッコーの巣の上で」を思い出す。
Set in a 1960s American mental institution, a man pretending to be a psychiatric patient is admitted there and rebels against the administration. During a "discussion therapy" session that is anything but, he suddenly requests that the institution staff change the building's schedule so the patients can watch the World Series.
６０年代の米国の州立精神科病院が舞台のこの作品では病人を装って入院し、病棟の管理体制に反発する男が名ばかりの「ディスカッション療法」で突如、「ワールドシリーズ中継をテレビで見られるように病棟の日課を変更してほしい」と要求する。
Although the other patients at first say they want to watch baseball, when a vote is held only two others agree with the man.
口では「野球が見たい」と言いながらも、投票を行うと男に賛成したのは２人。
Afterwards, the man convinces the other patients that it's OK for them to express their opinions, and in a second vote on the baseball issue all the participating patients vote in favor of the man's proposal.
その後、男は入院患者を「自分の意見を言っていいんだ」と説得し、２回目の投票では参加した患者全員が賛同票を投じる。
However, the medical staff turn down the idea on the grounds that not all the patients participated in the vote, and in the end they refuse to allow them to watch the games.
しかし、医療スタッフ側は「投票に参加していない患者もいる」という理屈を持ち出して結局、野球中継の観戦は許可されなかった。
The movie was a heavy critique of mental institutions of the time that ignored patients' rights, and there are many things that can be learned from it. When I first watched it as a university student, I was moved by the power of baseball to motivate people to act, even when they were resigned to other things.
当時の人権を無視した精神医療への強烈な批判となっているこの作品から学ぶことはあまりに多いが、私は大学時代に本作を初めて見た時に「他のことでは我慢している人たちも、『野球が見たい』となると立ち上がるんだな」と、野球というスポーツが人をひき付ける力に感心した。
When I became a psychiatrist myself and began working in a hospital ward, I started experiencing that power again and again.
その後、自分も精神科医になって病棟に勤務するようになると、ますますそれを実感することになった。
Back then, many baseball games, Giants games in particular, were broadcast on television. When the clock went past 6 p.m., patients would gather around the television to watch games.
当時はジャイアンツ戦を中心に多くの試合が中継されていたが、午後６時を過ぎると多くの患者さんたちがテレビの周囲に集まってくる。
There were many times when I was surprised by a patient who, though normally reticent, would give swift responses when asked about their favorite baseball team or baseball player.
他の話題には乗ってこないような人に「好きな球団は？ ひいきの選手は？」と問いかけると即座に答えが返ってきて、驚くこともしばしばだった。
Afterwards, soccer replaced baseball as the more popular sport, and baseball games became a less common sight on TV.
その後、世間では野球よりもサッカー熱が高まり、地上波放送での野球中継も少なくなってしまった。
However, the roles of the different players in baseball are more clearly defined than in soccer, and the rule of changing batting and fielding roles every three outs, along with other aspects of the sport, give it ups and downs that continue to entertain audiences.
ただ、サッカー以上にそれぞれの役割がはっきり分かれており、「３アウトで攻守がチェンジ」などメリハリがある野球は今でも見ている誰もが楽しめ、心を奪うスポーツであることは確かなのではないだろうか。
I no longer work in the hospital where I watched the baseball games with the patients, but I think nostalgically about whether those patients watched and enjoyed the Nippon Series this year.
患者さんたちと一緒に野球中継を見た病院から私は異動してしまったが、彼らも今年の日本シリーズに胸を熱くしただろうか、と懐かしく思い出すのだ。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2013年11月05日 地方版
〔都内版〕
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: The power of baseball
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:見る人の心奪う「野球」 ／東京
This year's professional baseball Nippon Series really generated a buzz. The Yomiuri Giants and Rakuten Golden Eagles came to the plate with very different histories. Some people were moved to give the Golden Eagles their fervent support simply because they were a team from the disaster-hit northeast.
今年のプロ野球日本シリーズは大変盛り上がった。読売ジャイアンツと東北楽天ゴールデンイーグルスは球団の歴史も、戦歴も対照的。さらにイーグルスは東北の球団だけに被災地へ心を寄せる人たちも熱心に応援した。
Baseball fans were excited elsewhere as well. In American Major League Baseball the Boston Red Sox won the World Series, with Japanese pitchers Koji Uehara and Junichi Tazawa greatly contributing to the victory and grabbing the attention of fans in Japan, as well as those in the United States.
海の向こうの米国メジャーリーグではボストン・レッドソックスがワールドシリーズ制覇を果たしたが、同球団所属の上原浩治、田沢純一両投手が大活躍し、こちらも日米のファンは大いに沸いた。
This talk about baseball reminds me of the 1976 Academy Award winner "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest."
野球といえば１９７６年のアカデミー賞映画「カッコーの巣の上で」を思い出す。
Set in a 1960s American mental institution, a man pretending to be a psychiatric patient is admitted there and rebels against the administration. During a "discussion therapy" session that is anything but, he suddenly requests that the institution staff change the building's schedule so the patients can watch the World Series.
６０年代の米国の州立精神科病院が舞台のこの作品では病人を装って入院し、病棟の管理体制に反発する男が名ばかりの「ディスカッション療法」で突如、「ワールドシリーズ中継をテレビで見られるように病棟の日課を変更してほしい」と要求する。
Although the other patients at first say they want to watch baseball, when a vote is held only two others agree with the man.
口では「野球が見たい」と言いながらも、投票を行うと男に賛成したのは２人。
Afterwards, the man convinces the other patients that it's OK for them to express their opinions, and in a second vote on the baseball issue all the participating patients vote in favor of the man's proposal.
その後、男は入院患者を「自分の意見を言っていいんだ」と説得し、２回目の投票では参加した患者全員が賛同票を投じる。
However, the medical staff turn down the idea on the grounds that not all the patients participated in the vote, and in the end they refuse to allow them to watch the games.
しかし、医療スタッフ側は「投票に参加していない患者もいる」という理屈を持ち出して結局、野球中継の観戦は許可されなかった。
The movie was a heavy critique of mental institutions of the time that ignored patients' rights, and there are many things that can be learned from it. When I first watched it as a university student, I was moved by the power of baseball to motivate people to act, even when they were resigned to other things.
当時の人権を無視した精神医療への強烈な批判となっているこの作品から学ぶことはあまりに多いが、私は大学時代に本作を初めて見た時に「他のことでは我慢している人たちも、『野球が見たい』となると立ち上がるんだな」と、野球というスポーツが人をひき付ける力に感心した。
When I became a psychiatrist myself and began working in a hospital ward, I started experiencing that power again and again.
その後、自分も精神科医になって病棟に勤務するようになると、ますますそれを実感することになった。
Back then, many baseball games, Giants games in particular, were broadcast on television. When the clock went past 6 p.m., patients would gather around the television to watch games.
当時はジャイアンツ戦を中心に多くの試合が中継されていたが、午後６時を過ぎると多くの患者さんたちがテレビの周囲に集まってくる。
There were many times when I was surprised by a patient who, though normally reticent, would give swift responses when asked about their favorite baseball team or baseball player.
他の話題には乗ってこないような人に「好きな球団は？ ひいきの選手は？」と問いかけると即座に答えが返ってきて、驚くこともしばしばだった。
Afterwards, soccer replaced baseball as the more popular sport, and baseball games became a less common sight on TV.
その後、世間では野球よりもサッカー熱が高まり、地上波放送での野球中継も少なくなってしまった。
However, the roles of the different players in baseball are more clearly defined than in soccer, and the rule of changing batting and fielding roles every three outs, along with other aspects of the sport, give it ups and downs that continue to entertain audiences.
ただ、サッカー以上にそれぞれの役割がはっきり分かれており、「３アウトで攻守がチェンジ」などメリハリがある野球は今でも見ている誰もが楽しめ、心を奪うスポーツであることは確かなのではないだろうか。
I no longer work in the hospital where I watched the baseball games with the patients, but I think nostalgically about whether those patients watched and enjoyed the Nippon Series this year.
患者さんたちと一緒に野球中継を見た病院から私は異動してしまったが、彼らも今年の日本シリーズに胸を熱くしただろうか、と懐かしく思い出すのだ。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2013年11月05日 地方版
〔都内版〕
2013年11月11日
中国連続爆発 共産党統治への反発の表れか
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 10, 2013
Do Shanxi bombings reflect anger at Chinese Communist Party rule?
中国連続爆発 共産党統治への反発の表れか（11月9日付・読売社説）
Another violent incident has occurred in China, underscoring the seriousness of the social unrest in the country. Does this represent repugnance over the Communist Party’s rule?
中国の社会不安の深刻さを裏付ける事件が、また発生した。共産党の統治に対する強い反発の表れだろうか。
A series of explosions occurred at the Communist Party’s provincial committee headquarters in the inland city of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, on Wednesday, killing one person and injuring eight others.
内陸部にある山西省太原の省党委員会庁舎前で６日、連続爆発が起こり、１人が死亡し、８人が重軽傷を負った。
The provincial authorities have detained a 41-year-old Taiyuan resident. Handmade explosive devices and other material evidence were reportedly found at his home, but the background and motives behind the bombings are not yet known. The Communist Party’s provincial committees have supreme power in their respective provinces, and the Taiyuan incident apparently stunned the party.
当局は、地元の４１歳の男を拘束した。自宅から手製の爆発装置などが見つかったという。背景や動機は不明だが、党委員会は地方で最高の権力を持つ組織だ。党にとって、衝撃的な事件と言える。
The latest incident came after a car crashed and exploded in flames in a deadly attack late last month in front of Tiananmen Gate in central Beijing, which features a huge portrait of Mao Zedong.
先月末には、毛沢東の巨大な肖像が掲げられた、北京の天安門前に車が突入して炎上する事件が発生したばかりだ。
Investigative authorities determined that the attack was committed at the direction of an international terrorist organization. But there are strong suspicions among some people that the attack was committed by Uygurs with personal grudges against the Communist Party.
当局は国際テロ組織の指示を受けた犯行と断定したが、党に個人的な恨みを持つウイグル族住民の仕業との見方も依然根強い。
Shanxi Province, where the latest incident took place, is known for its huge coal mining industry. Like other regions in China, the gap between rich and poor is wide.
今回事件が起きた山西省は、石炭の大産地だ。中国の他地域と同様、貧富の格差が顕著である。
Mine operators are known for using their financial muscle to buy up real estate in such urban areas as Beijing and Shanghai. Corruption has long been said to involve officials with the power to grant mining rights.
炭鉱経営者は、財力に物を言わせて、北京や上海などで不動産を買いあさることで有名だ。採掘許可権限を持つ当局者の腐敗も指摘されて久しい。
Many coal miners work in poor environments, and many of them are believed to have lost their jobs as coal prices have fallen due to the slowdown in economic growth in recent years.
炭鉱労働者の多くは、劣悪な環境で働いている。近年の成長減速に伴う石炭価格下落により、職を失った者も多いとみられる。
Coal miners are not the only Chinese who are discontent. The petition counter at the provincial committee’s headquarters building, the scene of the latest incident, is said to be overflowing with petitions from residents protesting unfair court decisions and forcible expropriation of land.
不満を抱いているのは、炭鉱労働者だけではない。事件のあった党委庁舎の陳情窓口には、不公正な司法や土地の強制収用に抗議する住民が殺到していたという。
In the eyes of workers and farmers, party leaders appear to be using their power to enrich themselves.
労働者や農民には、党幹部が権力をかさに、私腹を肥やしているように見えるのではないか。
Huge number of protests
Public discontent against the Communist Party and the government has triggered numerous incidents in various parts of the country. According to some sources, there are about 180,000 mass protests a year.
中国各地で、党や政府への民衆の不満が引き金となった事件が続発している。集団抗議行動は年間１８万件に上るとの情報もある。
In April, about 4,000 residents of Xiamen (Amoy) in Fujian Province stormed into the provincial government building to protest unfair land transactions by the authorities concerned. In August, about 10,000 residents of Guanxi Zhuang Autonomous Region clashed with police during a protest rally over deaths allegedly caused by the discharge of water at a dam.
今年４月、福建省アモイでは、当局の土地不正取引に反対する住民約４０００人が政府庁舎に押しかけた。８月には、広西チワン族自治区で、ダムの放水で死者が出たとして住民約１万人が抗議、警官隊と衝突した。
To deal with these incidents, the administration of President Xi Jinping has ordered thorough implementation of antiterrorist measures. In line with this harsh approach, the president has inspected poor farming communities in an effort to show his concern for local residents. But it is open to question whether these efforts have had the desired results.
こうした事態に対し、習近平政権は、「テロ対策」徹底を命じる一方、習国家主席自身が貧しい農村を視察するなど、硬軟両様の姿勢で臨んでいる。だが、成果が上がっているとは言えない。
The Xi administration, which will shortly enter its second year, opens the third plenary meeting of the Chinese Communist Party’s 18th Central Committee on Saturday. Focal points of discussion at the meeting will be economic structure reforms aimed at correcting the gap between rich and poor, among other issues.
まもなく２年目に入る習政権は９日から、党の第１８期中央委員会第３回総会（３中総会）を開く。格差是正も視野に入れた経済構造改革などが焦点になるだろう。
Can China achieve stable growth while reining in public anxiety? The Xi government faces a difficult job steering the country.
民衆の動揺を抑えつつ、安定成長を実現できるのか。習政権は、厳しい舵(かじ)取りを迫られている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 9, 2013)
（2013年11月9日01時30分 読売新聞）
Do Shanxi bombings reflect anger at Chinese Communist Party rule?
中国連続爆発 共産党統治への反発の表れか（11月9日付・読売社説）
Another violent incident has occurred in China, underscoring the seriousness of the social unrest in the country. Does this represent repugnance over the Communist Party’s rule?
中国の社会不安の深刻さを裏付ける事件が、また発生した。共産党の統治に対する強い反発の表れだろうか。
A series of explosions occurred at the Communist Party’s provincial committee headquarters in the inland city of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, on Wednesday, killing one person and injuring eight others.
内陸部にある山西省太原の省党委員会庁舎前で６日、連続爆発が起こり、１人が死亡し、８人が重軽傷を負った。
The provincial authorities have detained a 41-year-old Taiyuan resident. Handmade explosive devices and other material evidence were reportedly found at his home, but the background and motives behind the bombings are not yet known. The Communist Party’s provincial committees have supreme power in their respective provinces, and the Taiyuan incident apparently stunned the party.
当局は、地元の４１歳の男を拘束した。自宅から手製の爆発装置などが見つかったという。背景や動機は不明だが、党委員会は地方で最高の権力を持つ組織だ。党にとって、衝撃的な事件と言える。
The latest incident came after a car crashed and exploded in flames in a deadly attack late last month in front of Tiananmen Gate in central Beijing, which features a huge portrait of Mao Zedong.
先月末には、毛沢東の巨大な肖像が掲げられた、北京の天安門前に車が突入して炎上する事件が発生したばかりだ。
Investigative authorities determined that the attack was committed at the direction of an international terrorist organization. But there are strong suspicions among some people that the attack was committed by Uygurs with personal grudges against the Communist Party.
当局は国際テロ組織の指示を受けた犯行と断定したが、党に個人的な恨みを持つウイグル族住民の仕業との見方も依然根強い。
Shanxi Province, where the latest incident took place, is known for its huge coal mining industry. Like other regions in China, the gap between rich and poor is wide.
今回事件が起きた山西省は、石炭の大産地だ。中国の他地域と同様、貧富の格差が顕著である。
Mine operators are known for using their financial muscle to buy up real estate in such urban areas as Beijing and Shanghai. Corruption has long been said to involve officials with the power to grant mining rights.
炭鉱経営者は、財力に物を言わせて、北京や上海などで不動産を買いあさることで有名だ。採掘許可権限を持つ当局者の腐敗も指摘されて久しい。
Many coal miners work in poor environments, and many of them are believed to have lost their jobs as coal prices have fallen due to the slowdown in economic growth in recent years.
炭鉱労働者の多くは、劣悪な環境で働いている。近年の成長減速に伴う石炭価格下落により、職を失った者も多いとみられる。
Coal miners are not the only Chinese who are discontent. The petition counter at the provincial committee’s headquarters building, the scene of the latest incident, is said to be overflowing with petitions from residents protesting unfair court decisions and forcible expropriation of land.
不満を抱いているのは、炭鉱労働者だけではない。事件のあった党委庁舎の陳情窓口には、不公正な司法や土地の強制収用に抗議する住民が殺到していたという。
In the eyes of workers and farmers, party leaders appear to be using their power to enrich themselves.
労働者や農民には、党幹部が権力をかさに、私腹を肥やしているように見えるのではないか。
Huge number of protests
Public discontent against the Communist Party and the government has triggered numerous incidents in various parts of the country. According to some sources, there are about 180,000 mass protests a year.
中国各地で、党や政府への民衆の不満が引き金となった事件が続発している。集団抗議行動は年間１８万件に上るとの情報もある。
In April, about 4,000 residents of Xiamen (Amoy) in Fujian Province stormed into the provincial government building to protest unfair land transactions by the authorities concerned. In August, about 10,000 residents of Guanxi Zhuang Autonomous Region clashed with police during a protest rally over deaths allegedly caused by the discharge of water at a dam.
今年４月、福建省アモイでは、当局の土地不正取引に反対する住民約４０００人が政府庁舎に押しかけた。８月には、広西チワン族自治区で、ダムの放水で死者が出たとして住民約１万人が抗議、警官隊と衝突した。
To deal with these incidents, the administration of President Xi Jinping has ordered thorough implementation of antiterrorist measures. In line with this harsh approach, the president has inspected poor farming communities in an effort to show his concern for local residents. But it is open to question whether these efforts have had the desired results.
こうした事態に対し、習近平政権は、「テロ対策」徹底を命じる一方、習国家主席自身が貧しい農村を視察するなど、硬軟両様の姿勢で臨んでいる。だが、成果が上がっているとは言えない。
The Xi administration, which will shortly enter its second year, opens the third plenary meeting of the Chinese Communist Party’s 18th Central Committee on Saturday. Focal points of discussion at the meeting will be economic structure reforms aimed at correcting the gap between rich and poor, among other issues.
まもなく２年目に入る習政権は９日から、党の第１８期中央委員会第３回総会（３中総会）を開く。格差是正も視野に入れた経済構造改革などが焦点になるだろう。
Can China achieve stable growth while reining in public anxiety? The Xi government faces a difficult job steering the country.
民衆の動揺を抑えつつ、安定成長を実現できるのか。習政権は、厳しい舵(かじ)取りを迫られている。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 9, 2013)
（2013年11月9日01時30分 読売新聞）
2013年11月10日
バンコクへの小旅行だったら「TSUNAGU」のWi-Fi接続サービスで十分です
50才で会社を早期退職してから、来年で65歳になります。
ということはタイで15年間も過ごしたということになります。
早期退職直後に決行したタイ旅行がきっかけとなった分けで、人間の運命の不思議さを思い知らされます。
さて、タイでのWi-Fi利用情報 に関して、若干述べさせていただきます。
私はコンケン市在住ですが、コンケン市内だったら、まずどこでもWi-Fiが使用出来ます。
LAN接続で何台ものPCやノートブックにだって接続出きるので大変便利ですが、そのためには多少の知識は必要です。
ただ一台だけ機械（PCとか携帯）を使用しないのだったら、まったく問題はありません。
暗証番号を入力するだけで簡単にインターネット接続が出来ちゃいます。
田舎のコンケンでもこのくらいの普及率なので、バンコクあたりでは100％可能なのではないかと思います。
Wi-Fi接続は実にお手軽なんです。
電波の強い３G接続だってありますが、事前に現地（タイ）で契約する必要があります。
日本から出発前に契約できる「TSUNAGU」のWi-Fi接続サービスはビジネスマンの強い味方となり得ます。
気になる使用料金ですが、一日当り1000円以内で使い放題のところが多いですね。
バンコクへの短期出張とか旅行だったら「TSUNAGU」のWi-Fi接続サービスで十分でしょう。
レビューブログからの情報です
うーん、久々に感動のダイエット商品に出会えました スルスルこうそ
「スルスルこうそ」の動画があのユーチューブで公開されています。
百聞は一見にしかずと申します。
僅か2分間くらいの短い動画ですが、その凄い威力が実感出来ました。
実験は至極簡単なんです。
片栗粉を熱湯で固めた透明のデンプンにカプセル内のスルスルこうそを振り掛けてかき混ぜる。
片栗粉のデンプンは一瞬にして分解されました。
さらに米のおかゆなんです。
こちらもカプセル内のスルスルこうそを振り掛けてかき混ぜると、一瞬にして炭水化物が分解されてしまいました。
これならば、食事制限をしなくとも安心して楽に痩せられるのではないかと確信しました。
ダイエットは食事制限など無理とも思える方法は身体に良くありません。
健康に痩せるためには酵素が絶対必要なんですね。
スルスルこうそは小麦発酵エキスからつくられる栄養士がつくった奇跡の酵素なんです。
私はお酒が大好きなので二日酔いを軽減してくれる、スルスルこうそはありがたいですね。
女性だったら、足のむくみなどが無くなるそうですよ。
スルスルこうそ、まさに奇跡の酵素と言うことが出来ます。
ダイエットは食事制限しても、なかなか思った通りやせませんし、うまく行ったと思ってもリバウンドですぐに元に戻ってしまいます。
ここは、スルスルこうそ に頼りたいものです。
レビューブログからの情報です
秘密保護法案 後世の検証が可能な仕組みに
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 9, 2013
Establish framework to guarantee posterity can verify validity of ‘secrets’
秘密保護法案 後世の検証が可能な仕組みに（11月8日付・読売社説）
◆国民の懸念払拭へ審議を尽くせ◆
Classified information related to the nation’s security that could affect the survival of this country must certainly be protected. It is very important to establish a solid legal system to protect information while also paying due attention to the people’s right to know.
国の存亡にかかわる安全保障上の機密は、守らなければならない。国民の「知る権利」に配慮しつつ、情報保全法制を整備することが肝要だ。
Diet deliberations started Thursday on a bill to ensure protection of specially designated state secrets.
特定秘密保護法案の国会審議が７日から始まった。
Under the proposed legislation, the government will designate information that is believed to require especially high confidentiality as “special secrets” in the four fields of defense, diplomacy, counterintelligence and counterterrorism. The envisaged law allows for harsher punishment of public servants who leak such secrets.
防衛、外交、スパイ活動防止、テロ防止の４分野で特に秘匿性の高い情報を、「特定秘密」に指定し、漏えいした公務員らの罰則を強化する内容である。
Key to security strategy
◆安保戦略に欠かせない◆
The aim of the bill is to ensure the creation of a structure that will prevent important information related to the country’s security from being casually divulged.
法案の狙いは、国の安全保障に関する重要情報が簡単に漏えいしない仕組みを構築することだ。
The situation surrounding Japan is increasingly severe, including North Korea’s nuclear weapons and missile development programs and moves by China to augment its arsenal.
北朝鮮の核・ミサイル開発や中国の軍備増強など、日本を取り巻く情勢は厳しさを増している。
To ensure the nation’s peace and security, the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has been seeking to establish a Japanese version of the U.S. National Security Council as a control tower for the government’s diplomatic and security policies.
日本の平和と安全を確保するため、安倍政権は、外交・安全保障政策の司令塔となる国家安全保障会議（日本版ＮＳＣ）の創設を目指している。
A bill to launch the Japanese NSC passed a plenary session of the House of Representatives on Thursday.
設置法案は７日、衆院を通過した。
For the Japanese NSC to function properly, it is indispensable for it to share important information with Japan’s allies and other friendly countries.
日本版ＮＳＣを機能させるには同盟国や友好国と重要情報を共有することが欠かせない。
All countries will be understandably reluctant to provide information to another nation where there are fears that classified information will be leaked. In this regard, the special secrets protection law will be of great significance in improving the mutual trust between Japan and allies, such as the United States.
漏えいの恐れがある国に、機密は提供されにくい。「特定秘密保護法」は、米国などとの信頼関係を強める上で大きな意義がある。
According to the government-submitted bill, the designation and lifting of the special secrets classification will be conducted by “chiefs of relevant organs of government administration,” such as the defense minister and foreign minister. This can be safely called an adequate arrangement, as decisions involving secrets must be made from a comprehensive point of view based on national strategy and national interests.
法案によると、秘密の指定や解除は、防衛相や外相など「行政機関の長」が行う。国家戦略や国益を踏まえた総合判断が求められる以上、妥当な手続きと言える。
Situations must be avoided, however, in which ministries and agencies designate information as special secrets only to conceal information that is detrimental to their interests.
ただ、省庁が自らに都合が悪いというだけで、情報を秘密指定する事態は避けねばならない。
The bill calls for the government to establish a set of operational standards for designating and lifting the special secrets classification, by holding hearings to listen to opinions from experts. The envisioned standards must be used as criteria for not expanding the scope of secrets more than necessary.
法案は、政府が有識者の意見を聞き、指定や解除の統一基準を定めるとしている。指定の範囲を必要以上に広げない基準とすべきだ。
Prevent arbitrary operation
◆恣意的運用の防止図れ◆
Some have expressed concern that designated secrets will be kept confidential permanently, and never be disclosed to the public.
秘密指定が永久に続き、公開されないのではとの危惧もある。
The bill sets the period for the designation of special secrets at a maximum of five years, stipulating designated secrets should be disclosed when confidentiality becomes unnecessary. However, the legislation also allows the government to extend the confidentiality period, and secrets could be kept undisclosed for 30 years or longer, depending on approval by the Cabinet.
法案は、秘密指定の期間を最長５年とし、必要性がなくなれば、解除すると規定している。延長も可能で、内閣が承認すれば、３０年を超えることもできる。
Secrets should be made public as a matter of principle after the passage of a certain period of time, to make it possible for posterity to verify the validity of the secrets’ designation.
重要なのは、一定期間を過ぎれば、原則公開し、後世の歴史的検証を受けるという視点である。
If secrets are publicly disclosed in the future, we believe concerns about administrative organs arbitrarily classifying information as special secrets can be eliminated for the most part.
将来公開されるとなれば、行政機関による恣意(しい)的な秘密指定を相当程度、排除できるのではないか。
There could of course be highly confidential state secrets that are difficult to disclose even in the future. The government is examining the requirements for extending the designation of such secrets beyond 30 years. Included in this category are secret codes and weapons used by the Self-Defense Forces.
無論、将来も開示が困難な秘密もあろう。政府は、３０年を超えて秘密指定を延長する場合の要件を検討している。自衛隊で使用する暗号や武器の性能などだ。
Extreme care must also be taken with information provided by other countries.
他国からの提供情報には、細心の注意を払う必要もある。
Another challenge is the preservation and administration of documents.
文書の保存・管理も課題だ。
The Public Records and Archives Management Law calls for setting a preservation period for all administrative documents. The law also makes it mandatory to transfer documents with historical value and significance to the National Archives of Japan and obtain the prime minister’s approval if such documents are to be destroyed.
公文書管理法は、すべての行政文書に保存期間を定めるよう求めている。その上で、歴史的価値のある文書は国立公文書館へ移管し、廃棄する場合には首相の同意を得ることも義務づけている。
Currently, however, defense secrets kept under the Self-Defense Forces Law are excluded from the Public Records and Archives Management Law. Over a five-year period up until 2011, about 30,000 items containing defense secrets that had exceeded their mandatory period of preservation were destroyed at the discretion of senior Defense Ministry officials.
だが、現在、自衛隊法に基づく防衛秘密は公文書管理法の適用除外とされている。２０１１年までの５年間に、保存期間の過ぎた防衛秘密の文書約３万件が防衛省幹部の判断で廃棄された。
If the secret protection bill is enacted, defense secrets will be included among special secrets. So it was appropriate that Defense Minister Itsunori Onodera issued an order not to destroy defense secrets until the secret protection law is enforced.
特定秘密保護法案が成立すると、防衛秘密は特定秘密に統合される。小野寺防衛相が法施行まで、防衛秘密の文書を廃棄しないよう指示したのは適切である。
Special secrets also should be administered strictly under the Public Records and Archives Management Law.
特定秘密も、公文書管理法の下で厳格に管理すべきだ。
Public’s right to know
Fulfilling responsibilities to the people is a natural obligation of the government of a democratic country.
国民に対し、説明責任を果たすのは、民主主義国家における政府の当然の責務である。
Concerns about the bill possibly interfering with the people’s right to know were expressed even by ruling party members during a plenary session of the lower house Thursday.
法案が国民の知る権利を制約する懸念は、７日の衆院本会議で与党議員からも指摘された。
Establish framework to guarantee posterity can verify validity of ‘secrets’
秘密保護法案 後世の検証が可能な仕組みに（11月8日付・読売社説）
◆国民の懸念払拭へ審議を尽くせ◆
Classified information related to the nation’s security that could affect the survival of this country must certainly be protected. It is very important to establish a solid legal system to protect information while also paying due attention to the people’s right to know.
国の存亡にかかわる安全保障上の機密は、守らなければならない。国民の「知る権利」に配慮しつつ、情報保全法制を整備することが肝要だ。
Diet deliberations started Thursday on a bill to ensure protection of specially designated state secrets.
特定秘密保護法案の国会審議が７日から始まった。
Under the proposed legislation, the government will designate information that is believed to require especially high confidentiality as “special secrets” in the four fields of defense, diplomacy, counterintelligence and counterterrorism. The envisaged law allows for harsher punishment of public servants who leak such secrets.
防衛、外交、スパイ活動防止、テロ防止の４分野で特に秘匿性の高い情報を、「特定秘密」に指定し、漏えいした公務員らの罰則を強化する内容である。
Key to security strategy
◆安保戦略に欠かせない◆
The aim of the bill is to ensure the creation of a structure that will prevent important information related to the country’s security from being casually divulged.
法案の狙いは、国の安全保障に関する重要情報が簡単に漏えいしない仕組みを構築することだ。
The situation surrounding Japan is increasingly severe, including North Korea’s nuclear weapons and missile development programs and moves by China to augment its arsenal.
北朝鮮の核・ミサイル開発や中国の軍備増強など、日本を取り巻く情勢は厳しさを増している。
To ensure the nation’s peace and security, the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has been seeking to establish a Japanese version of the U.S. National Security Council as a control tower for the government’s diplomatic and security policies.
日本の平和と安全を確保するため、安倍政権は、外交・安全保障政策の司令塔となる国家安全保障会議（日本版ＮＳＣ）の創設を目指している。
A bill to launch the Japanese NSC passed a plenary session of the House of Representatives on Thursday.
設置法案は７日、衆院を通過した。
For the Japanese NSC to function properly, it is indispensable for it to share important information with Japan’s allies and other friendly countries.
日本版ＮＳＣを機能させるには同盟国や友好国と重要情報を共有することが欠かせない。
All countries will be understandably reluctant to provide information to another nation where there are fears that classified information will be leaked. In this regard, the special secrets protection law will be of great significance in improving the mutual trust between Japan and allies, such as the United States.
漏えいの恐れがある国に、機密は提供されにくい。「特定秘密保護法」は、米国などとの信頼関係を強める上で大きな意義がある。
According to the government-submitted bill, the designation and lifting of the special secrets classification will be conducted by “chiefs of relevant organs of government administration,” such as the defense minister and foreign minister. This can be safely called an adequate arrangement, as decisions involving secrets must be made from a comprehensive point of view based on national strategy and national interests.
法案によると、秘密の指定や解除は、防衛相や外相など「行政機関の長」が行う。国家戦略や国益を踏まえた総合判断が求められる以上、妥当な手続きと言える。
Situations must be avoided, however, in which ministries and agencies designate information as special secrets only to conceal information that is detrimental to their interests.
ただ、省庁が自らに都合が悪いというだけで、情報を秘密指定する事態は避けねばならない。
The bill calls for the government to establish a set of operational standards for designating and lifting the special secrets classification, by holding hearings to listen to opinions from experts. The envisioned standards must be used as criteria for not expanding the scope of secrets more than necessary.
法案は、政府が有識者の意見を聞き、指定や解除の統一基準を定めるとしている。指定の範囲を必要以上に広げない基準とすべきだ。
Prevent arbitrary operation
◆恣意的運用の防止図れ◆
Some have expressed concern that designated secrets will be kept confidential permanently, and never be disclosed to the public.
秘密指定が永久に続き、公開されないのではとの危惧もある。
The bill sets the period for the designation of special secrets at a maximum of five years, stipulating designated secrets should be disclosed when confidentiality becomes unnecessary. However, the legislation also allows the government to extend the confidentiality period, and secrets could be kept undisclosed for 30 years or longer, depending on approval by the Cabinet.
法案は、秘密指定の期間を最長５年とし、必要性がなくなれば、解除すると規定している。延長も可能で、内閣が承認すれば、３０年を超えることもできる。
Secrets should be made public as a matter of principle after the passage of a certain period of time, to make it possible for posterity to verify the validity of the secrets’ designation.
重要なのは、一定期間を過ぎれば、原則公開し、後世の歴史的検証を受けるという視点である。
If secrets are publicly disclosed in the future, we believe concerns about administrative organs arbitrarily classifying information as special secrets can be eliminated for the most part.
将来公開されるとなれば、行政機関による恣意(しい)的な秘密指定を相当程度、排除できるのではないか。
There could of course be highly confidential state secrets that are difficult to disclose even in the future. The government is examining the requirements for extending the designation of such secrets beyond 30 years. Included in this category are secret codes and weapons used by the Self-Defense Forces.
無論、将来も開示が困難な秘密もあろう。政府は、３０年を超えて秘密指定を延長する場合の要件を検討している。自衛隊で使用する暗号や武器の性能などだ。
Extreme care must also be taken with information provided by other countries.
他国からの提供情報には、細心の注意を払う必要もある。
Another challenge is the preservation and administration of documents.
文書の保存・管理も課題だ。
The Public Records and Archives Management Law calls for setting a preservation period for all administrative documents. The law also makes it mandatory to transfer documents with historical value and significance to the National Archives of Japan and obtain the prime minister’s approval if such documents are to be destroyed.
公文書管理法は、すべての行政文書に保存期間を定めるよう求めている。その上で、歴史的価値のある文書は国立公文書館へ移管し、廃棄する場合には首相の同意を得ることも義務づけている。
Currently, however, defense secrets kept under the Self-Defense Forces Law are excluded from the Public Records and Archives Management Law. Over a five-year period up until 2011, about 30,000 items containing defense secrets that had exceeded their mandatory period of preservation were destroyed at the discretion of senior Defense Ministry officials.
だが、現在、自衛隊法に基づく防衛秘密は公文書管理法の適用除外とされている。２０１１年までの５年間に、保存期間の過ぎた防衛秘密の文書約３万件が防衛省幹部の判断で廃棄された。
If the secret protection bill is enacted, defense secrets will be included among special secrets. So it was appropriate that Defense Minister Itsunori Onodera issued an order not to destroy defense secrets until the secret protection law is enforced.
特定秘密保護法案が成立すると、防衛秘密は特定秘密に統合される。小野寺防衛相が法施行まで、防衛秘密の文書を廃棄しないよう指示したのは適切である。
Special secrets also should be administered strictly under the Public Records and Archives Management Law.
特定秘密も、公文書管理法の下で厳格に管理すべきだ。
Public’s right to know
Fulfilling responsibilities to the people is a natural obligation of the government of a democratic country.
国民に対し、説明責任を果たすのは、民主主義国家における政府の当然の責務である。
Concerns about the bill possibly interfering with the people’s right to know were expressed even by ruling party members during a plenary session of the lower house Thursday.
法案が国民の知る権利を制約する懸念は、７日の衆院本会議で与党議員からも指摘された。
2013年11月09日
あのヒアルロン酸の保湿力をしのぐプロテオグリカン、PG2 ピュアエッセンス新発売
PG2 ピュアエッセンス の成分なんですが、ノーベル賞もののすごい成分なんです。
アンチエイジングの切り札とも称されるヒアルロン酸の保湿力をはるかにしのぐ（１３０％）プロテオグリカンで、お肌の老化を防いでくれるんです。
使用方法がまた格段に便利なんですね。
簡単で手間いらずなんです。
手に数滴受けてからお顔の気になる部分にちょい足し感覚で軽く塗りつければ、それで準備完了です。
これは忙しい主婦やOLにとってはありがたいですね。
まさに、時は金なりなんですから。
完全無添加の美容液というのも、お肌に優しいので助かります。
あなたも高純度プロテオグリカン 原液（美容液）で、美しく若々しいお肌を保つことが出来ます。
若者から高齢者まで安心して使うことが出来るスーパー美容液と言うことが出来ます。
レビューブログからの情報です
企業の好決算 賃上げの実現に弾みつけたい
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 8, 2013
Positive corporate earnings must translate into higher wages
企業の好決算 賃上げの実現に弾みつけたい（11月7日付・読売社説）
Many companies are reporting good corporate earnings, backed by the tailwind created primarily by Abenomics, the economic policies of the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, which turned the hyper-appreciation of the yen into depreciation.
超円高を円安に反転させた安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」などを追い風に、企業の好決算が相次いでいる。
Companies must now take preparatory steps for future growth.
求められるのは、将来の成長へ布石を打つことだ。
If companies with healthy earnings take the brave step of raising wages and expanding job opportunities, and household budgets sufficiently increase, corporate performance will improve even further. Bringing about such a virtuous cycle would guarantee a self-sustaining business recovery led by private sector demand.
好調な企業が賃上げや雇用拡大に踏み切り、家計も潤えば、個人消費拡大などを通じて企業業績がさらに好転する――。そうした好循環につなげ、民需主導の自律的な景気回復を確実にしたい。
Announcements are in full swing now of the interim consolidated settlements of accounts for the first half for fiscal 2013 for companies listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange.
東証１部上場企業の２０１３年９月中間連結決算の発表がピークを迎えている。
About 60 percent of the companies reported increases in both revenue and profits, with many companies reporting record profits. About 30 percent of the firms revised upward their earnings outlooks for the entire business year ending March 2014.
約６割が増収増益となり、最高益を記録した企業が多い。１４年３月期の通期見通しを上方修正した企業も３割に上る。
The Japanese economy has faced such headwinds over the last several years as the collapse of the Lehman Brothers shock, the Great East Japan Earthquake and the hyper-appreciation of the yen.
日本経済はここ数年、リーマン・ショックや東日本大震災、超円高の逆風にさらされてきた。
However, a number of factors have since pushed up corporate income, including a round of corporate restructuring and other necessary structural reform measures, as well as the depreciation of the yen, higher stock prices and recovery in personal consumption brought about by Abenomics. The business recovery in the United States also helped increase corporate income.
しかし、リストラなどの構造改革の一巡に加え、アベノミクスによる円安や株高、個人消費の回復、米国景気回復が好材料となった。
We can safely say now is the turning point for major corporations to escape their weak performances.
主要企業が業績低迷を脱する転換点を迎えたと言えよう。
The prime examples are export-oriented industries that fully utilized the advantages of the yen’s depreciation.
代表的なのが、円安メリットを最も生かした輸出産業である。
Riding the wave
Toyota Motor Corp. has massively increased its profit due to healthy sales of hybrid vehicles in North America and elsewhere. It forecasts an operating profit of \2.2 trillion for the current business year, recovering to the \2 trillion level for the first time in six years.
トヨタ自動車は、北米などでのハイブリッド車販売が好調で大幅増益となり、今年度の営業利益は２・２兆円と６年ぶりの２兆円台回復を予想している。
Honda Motor Co., which is strong in the eco-cars currently popular among drivers, also made good earnings, while companies like leading minivehicle maker Suzuki Motor Corp. recorded their largest profits ever.
人気のエコカーに強みがあるホンダも好決算で、軽自動車のスズキなどが最高益を記録した。
In the electronics industry, Panasonic Corp., which suffered from huge deficits for two consecutive years, returned to the black in a V-shaped recovery. The company beefed up its competitive sectors, withdrew from the deficit-ridden plasma display TV business, and took a scrap-and-build approach to unprofitable businesses. The effects of such reform measures are apparently being seen.
電機業界では、２年連続で巨額赤字だったパナソニックがＶ字回復で黒字転換した。競争力のある事業を伸ばし、赤字のプラズマテレビ事業から撤退して不採算事業は統廃合する。そんな改革が功を奏し始めたのだろう。
However, some export-oriented companies continue to face hardships as they cannot ride the wave of recovery.
一方、輸出産業でも、波に乗れずに試練が続く企業がある。
Nissan Motor Co.’s business expansion strategy is spinning its wheels. Although it counted on rapid growth in emerging economies such as Russia and Brazil, it was unable to get the results it expected from such countries. Sony Corp. saw poor sales in liquid crystal display TVs and digital cameras, largely affected by the business slump in emerging countries.
日産自動車は拡大路線が空回りし、急成長を見込んだロシア、ブラジルなどの新興国市場が振るわなかった。ソニーも液晶テレビやデジタルカメラが不振で、新興国の景気低迷が響いた。
The companies need to accurately grasp growth markets and concentrate their management resources in such markets and decide how to sell strategic commodities. The “selection and concentration” strategy in businesses is now increasingly vital.
成長市場を見極めて経営資源を集中し、戦略商品をどう展開するか。事業の「選択と集中」の重要性が一段と増している。
Among companies fueled by domestic demand, East Japan Railway Co. and Oriental Land Co., the operator of Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu, Chiba Prefecture, achieved positive earnings, but retailing businesses in general were unable to increase their earnings to a satisfactory extent, revealing the gap in earning capability between them.
内需型産業では、ＪＲ東日本や東京ディズニーリゾートを運営するオリエンタルランドなどが好業績だった反面、小売業はやや伸び悩み、収益力に差が出た。
There is concern regarding the future of the economies in emerging countries, as well as anxiety over possible further increases in electricity rates due to the delay in reactivating idle nuclear reactors. No company should let its guard down in the days to come. It is indispensable for them to reinforce their business strategies from both offensive and defensive standpoints.
新興国経済には先行き不安があり、原発再稼働遅れに伴う電気料金値上げも懸念される。企業各社は今後も油断せず、攻守両にらみの戦略強化が欠かせない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 7, 2013)
（2013年11月7日01時36分 読売新聞）
Positive corporate earnings must translate into higher wages
企業の好決算 賃上げの実現に弾みつけたい（11月7日付・読売社説）
Many companies are reporting good corporate earnings, backed by the tailwind created primarily by Abenomics, the economic policies of the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, which turned the hyper-appreciation of the yen into depreciation.
超円高を円安に反転させた安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」などを追い風に、企業の好決算が相次いでいる。
Companies must now take preparatory steps for future growth.
求められるのは、将来の成長へ布石を打つことだ。
If companies with healthy earnings take the brave step of raising wages and expanding job opportunities, and household budgets sufficiently increase, corporate performance will improve even further. Bringing about such a virtuous cycle would guarantee a self-sustaining business recovery led by private sector demand.
好調な企業が賃上げや雇用拡大に踏み切り、家計も潤えば、個人消費拡大などを通じて企業業績がさらに好転する――。そうした好循環につなげ、民需主導の自律的な景気回復を確実にしたい。
Announcements are in full swing now of the interim consolidated settlements of accounts for the first half for fiscal 2013 for companies listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange.
東証１部上場企業の２０１３年９月中間連結決算の発表がピークを迎えている。
About 60 percent of the companies reported increases in both revenue and profits, with many companies reporting record profits. About 30 percent of the firms revised upward their earnings outlooks for the entire business year ending March 2014.
約６割が増収増益となり、最高益を記録した企業が多い。１４年３月期の通期見通しを上方修正した企業も３割に上る。
The Japanese economy has faced such headwinds over the last several years as the collapse of the Lehman Brothers shock, the Great East Japan Earthquake and the hyper-appreciation of the yen.
日本経済はここ数年、リーマン・ショックや東日本大震災、超円高の逆風にさらされてきた。
However, a number of factors have since pushed up corporate income, including a round of corporate restructuring and other necessary structural reform measures, as well as the depreciation of the yen, higher stock prices and recovery in personal consumption brought about by Abenomics. The business recovery in the United States also helped increase corporate income.
しかし、リストラなどの構造改革の一巡に加え、アベノミクスによる円安や株高、個人消費の回復、米国景気回復が好材料となった。
We can safely say now is the turning point for major corporations to escape their weak performances.
主要企業が業績低迷を脱する転換点を迎えたと言えよう。
The prime examples are export-oriented industries that fully utilized the advantages of the yen’s depreciation.
代表的なのが、円安メリットを最も生かした輸出産業である。
Riding the wave
Toyota Motor Corp. has massively increased its profit due to healthy sales of hybrid vehicles in North America and elsewhere. It forecasts an operating profit of \2.2 trillion for the current business year, recovering to the \2 trillion level for the first time in six years.
トヨタ自動車は、北米などでのハイブリッド車販売が好調で大幅増益となり、今年度の営業利益は２・２兆円と６年ぶりの２兆円台回復を予想している。
Honda Motor Co., which is strong in the eco-cars currently popular among drivers, also made good earnings, while companies like leading minivehicle maker Suzuki Motor Corp. recorded their largest profits ever.
人気のエコカーに強みがあるホンダも好決算で、軽自動車のスズキなどが最高益を記録した。
In the electronics industry, Panasonic Corp., which suffered from huge deficits for two consecutive years, returned to the black in a V-shaped recovery. The company beefed up its competitive sectors, withdrew from the deficit-ridden plasma display TV business, and took a scrap-and-build approach to unprofitable businesses. The effects of such reform measures are apparently being seen.
電機業界では、２年連続で巨額赤字だったパナソニックがＶ字回復で黒字転換した。競争力のある事業を伸ばし、赤字のプラズマテレビ事業から撤退して不採算事業は統廃合する。そんな改革が功を奏し始めたのだろう。
However, some export-oriented companies continue to face hardships as they cannot ride the wave of recovery.
一方、輸出産業でも、波に乗れずに試練が続く企業がある。
Nissan Motor Co.’s business expansion strategy is spinning its wheels. Although it counted on rapid growth in emerging economies such as Russia and Brazil, it was unable to get the results it expected from such countries. Sony Corp. saw poor sales in liquid crystal display TVs and digital cameras, largely affected by the business slump in emerging countries.
日産自動車は拡大路線が空回りし、急成長を見込んだロシア、ブラジルなどの新興国市場が振るわなかった。ソニーも液晶テレビやデジタルカメラが不振で、新興国の景気低迷が響いた。
The companies need to accurately grasp growth markets and concentrate their management resources in such markets and decide how to sell strategic commodities. The “selection and concentration” strategy in businesses is now increasingly vital.
成長市場を見極めて経営資源を集中し、戦略商品をどう展開するか。事業の「選択と集中」の重要性が一段と増している。
Among companies fueled by domestic demand, East Japan Railway Co. and Oriental Land Co., the operator of Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu, Chiba Prefecture, achieved positive earnings, but retailing businesses in general were unable to increase their earnings to a satisfactory extent, revealing the gap in earning capability between them.
内需型産業では、ＪＲ東日本や東京ディズニーリゾートを運営するオリエンタルランドなどが好業績だった反面、小売業はやや伸び悩み、収益力に差が出た。
There is concern regarding the future of the economies in emerging countries, as well as anxiety over possible further increases in electricity rates due to the delay in reactivating idle nuclear reactors. No company should let its guard down in the days to come. It is indispensable for them to reinforce their business strategies from both offensive and defensive standpoints.
新興国経済には先行き不安があり、原発再稼働遅れに伴う電気料金値上げも懸念される。企業各社は今後も油断せず、攻守両にらみの戦略強化が欠かせない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 7, 2013)
（2013年11月7日01時36分 読売新聞）
2013年11月08日
公務員制度法案 「省益より国益」実現できるか
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 7, 2013
Civil servant system reform must serve national interests
公務員制度法案 「省益より国益」実現できるか（11月6日付・読売社説）
Reform of the civil servant system is intended to strengthen the leadership of the Prime Minister’s Office in the personnel affairs of bureaucrats. The ruling and opposition parties should discuss the matter thoroughly so the system will function properly.
官僚人事における首相官邸主導を強化するための改革である。十分に機能するよう与野党は、議論を尽くすべきだ。
The government has submitted to the Diet a set of bills on national civil servant system reform. Its centerpiece is the establishment of a new “cabinet personnel affairs bureau” aimed at integrating the personnel affairs of about 600 senior officials, including administrative vice ministers, bureau chiefs and deputy directors general of the Cabinet Office and ministries.
政府が、国家公務員制度改革関連法案を国会に提出した。各府省の次官、局長、審議官など幹部職員約６００人の人事を一元的に管理する「内閣人事局」の新設を柱としている。
The chief cabinet secretary will play the key role in examining the aptitude of senior civil servants and discuss appointments and dismissals with the prime minister and cabinet ministers.
官房長官が中心になって幹部公務員の適格性審査を行い、その任免について首相、各閣僚とともに協議するという仕組みだ。
Under the new system, the personnel affairs of bureaucrats will be cross-sectional in the Cabinet Office and among ministries rather than vertically segmented. If the system takes root it will help rectify the harmful effect of Kasumigaseki, the country’s bureaucratic nerve center, which is said to place ministries’ interests above national interests. The Prime Minister’s Office has a point in pursuing strategic personnel arrangements in light of the changing times and dealing with immediate administrative tasks.
縦割りではなく、府省横断的な人事を行う。この制度が定着すれば、「国益より省益重視」と言われる霞が関の弊害是正につながろう。官邸が、時代の変化や当面の行政課題を踏まえて、戦略的な人材配置を目指す狙いはわかる。
The question is whether it is possible to make fair and accurate judgments in personnel affairs based on the ability and accomplishments of bureaucrats. The number of civil servants subject to personnel affairs is enormous if the candidates for top official spots are included. Consideration must be given to concerns that personnel affairs carried out arbitrarily may become common.
問題は、能力と実績に基づいて、公正かつ的確に人事を判断できるかどうか、という点だ。対象は、幹部候補者まで含めれば膨大な数に上る。恣意(しい)的な人事が横行しないか、との懸念にも配慮しなければならない。
During the coordination of opinions on the bills, discussions on how to treat the so-called class-based quota, a system under which the number of officials, or quota, is set for each classification based on salary levels, faced serious rough going. The Liberal Democratic Party and the National Personnel Authority strongly opposed a plan to transfer administrative work related to the class-based quota from the personnel authority to the envisaged cabinet personnel affairs bureau.
法案の調整過程で、最も難航したのは、給与ランク別に定員を定める「級別定数」の扱いだった。この事務を人事院から内閣人事局に移す内容に、自民党や人事院は強く反発した。
No change in class-based quota
If the Cabinet, as an employer of civil servants, receives a demand from labor unions to determine the class-based quota, which is a major factor in deciding civil servants’ working conditions, it will be nothing less than de facto labor-management negotiations. The LDP and the personnel authority say this would please labor unions, as it would be a step toward granting basic labor rights to civil servants.
使用者側の内閣が、勤務条件の要素である級別定数を決める目的で労働組合側から要求を聞けば、事実上の労使交渉となり、基本権付与への一歩前進と労組が喜ぶだけだ、といった主張だ。
After the discussions, lawmakers compromised and agreed to stipulate in the bills, “The personnel authority’s opinions will be fully respected.” Therefore, there will be no major changes in the class-based quota, with the personnel authority giving its opinion on the quota and the cabinet personnel affairs bureau deciding on it.
議論の末、法案に「人事院の意見を十分に尊重する」と付記することで折り合った。人事院が級別定数について意見を言い、内閣人事局がそれを決定する。運用面では、大きな変化はあるまい。
It is unlikely the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will give civil servants basic labor rights, including the right to conclude labor agreements and the right to strike. Therefore, it is reasonable to create a new system giving consideration to the personnel authority, which has the function of compensating for restrictions on basic labor rights for civil servants.
安倍政権は、公務員に協約締結権やスト権など労働基本権を付与しない方向だ。そうである以上、労働基本権制約の代償機能と位置付けられている人事院に配慮した仕組みとするのは妥当だろう。
The bills also incorporate a provision for creating the post of “assistant to minister”—up to six officials in the Cabinet Office, and one at the Reconstruction Agency and each ministry—“when it is particularly necessary.” Lawmakers and people from the private sector can be assigned to this post. These assistants will serve as government officials to strengthen politicians’ leadership.
法案は、内閣府に６人以内、復興庁と各省に１人の「大臣補佐官」を「特に必要がある場合」に、置けることも盛り込んだ。国会議員や民間人を起用できる。政治主導を強める政務スタッフとなる。
However, the government must not appoint an excessive number of officials to this post. If it sets up the post, the government should explain why it needs it and determine what roles the ministerial assistants, senior vice ministers and parliamentary secretaries should play.
だが、むやみにポストを増やしてはならない。設置するなら、必要性を明らかにし、副大臣、政務官との役割分担も図るべきだ。
The administration led by the Democratic Party of Japan emphasized “lawmaker-led politics,” demoralizing bureaucrats and causing confusion and stagnation in public administration. We urge the government to reflect on this as it tries to realize lawmaker-led politics.
民主党政権は、「政治主導」を振りかざし、官僚の意欲をそいだ結果、行政の混乱と停滞を招いた。その反省も踏まえた政治主導を実現してもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 6, 2013)
（2013年11月6日01時32分 読売新聞）
Civil servant system reform must serve national interests
公務員制度法案 「省益より国益」実現できるか（11月6日付・読売社説）
Reform of the civil servant system is intended to strengthen the leadership of the Prime Minister’s Office in the personnel affairs of bureaucrats. The ruling and opposition parties should discuss the matter thoroughly so the system will function properly.
官僚人事における首相官邸主導を強化するための改革である。十分に機能するよう与野党は、議論を尽くすべきだ。
The government has submitted to the Diet a set of bills on national civil servant system reform. Its centerpiece is the establishment of a new “cabinet personnel affairs bureau” aimed at integrating the personnel affairs of about 600 senior officials, including administrative vice ministers, bureau chiefs and deputy directors general of the Cabinet Office and ministries.
政府が、国家公務員制度改革関連法案を国会に提出した。各府省の次官、局長、審議官など幹部職員約６００人の人事を一元的に管理する「内閣人事局」の新設を柱としている。
The chief cabinet secretary will play the key role in examining the aptitude of senior civil servants and discuss appointments and dismissals with the prime minister and cabinet ministers.
官房長官が中心になって幹部公務員の適格性審査を行い、その任免について首相、各閣僚とともに協議するという仕組みだ。
Under the new system, the personnel affairs of bureaucrats will be cross-sectional in the Cabinet Office and among ministries rather than vertically segmented. If the system takes root it will help rectify the harmful effect of Kasumigaseki, the country’s bureaucratic nerve center, which is said to place ministries’ interests above national interests. The Prime Minister’s Office has a point in pursuing strategic personnel arrangements in light of the changing times and dealing with immediate administrative tasks.
縦割りではなく、府省横断的な人事を行う。この制度が定着すれば、「国益より省益重視」と言われる霞が関の弊害是正につながろう。官邸が、時代の変化や当面の行政課題を踏まえて、戦略的な人材配置を目指す狙いはわかる。
The question is whether it is possible to make fair and accurate judgments in personnel affairs based on the ability and accomplishments of bureaucrats. The number of civil servants subject to personnel affairs is enormous if the candidates for top official spots are included. Consideration must be given to concerns that personnel affairs carried out arbitrarily may become common.
問題は、能力と実績に基づいて、公正かつ的確に人事を判断できるかどうか、という点だ。対象は、幹部候補者まで含めれば膨大な数に上る。恣意(しい)的な人事が横行しないか、との懸念にも配慮しなければならない。
During the coordination of opinions on the bills, discussions on how to treat the so-called class-based quota, a system under which the number of officials, or quota, is set for each classification based on salary levels, faced serious rough going. The Liberal Democratic Party and the National Personnel Authority strongly opposed a plan to transfer administrative work related to the class-based quota from the personnel authority to the envisaged cabinet personnel affairs bureau.
法案の調整過程で、最も難航したのは、給与ランク別に定員を定める「級別定数」の扱いだった。この事務を人事院から内閣人事局に移す内容に、自民党や人事院は強く反発した。
No change in class-based quota
If the Cabinet, as an employer of civil servants, receives a demand from labor unions to determine the class-based quota, which is a major factor in deciding civil servants’ working conditions, it will be nothing less than de facto labor-management negotiations. The LDP and the personnel authority say this would please labor unions, as it would be a step toward granting basic labor rights to civil servants.
使用者側の内閣が、勤務条件の要素である級別定数を決める目的で労働組合側から要求を聞けば、事実上の労使交渉となり、基本権付与への一歩前進と労組が喜ぶだけだ、といった主張だ。
After the discussions, lawmakers compromised and agreed to stipulate in the bills, “The personnel authority’s opinions will be fully respected.” Therefore, there will be no major changes in the class-based quota, with the personnel authority giving its opinion on the quota and the cabinet personnel affairs bureau deciding on it.
議論の末、法案に「人事院の意見を十分に尊重する」と付記することで折り合った。人事院が級別定数について意見を言い、内閣人事局がそれを決定する。運用面では、大きな変化はあるまい。
It is unlikely the administration of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will give civil servants basic labor rights, including the right to conclude labor agreements and the right to strike. Therefore, it is reasonable to create a new system giving consideration to the personnel authority, which has the function of compensating for restrictions on basic labor rights for civil servants.
安倍政権は、公務員に協約締結権やスト権など労働基本権を付与しない方向だ。そうである以上、労働基本権制約の代償機能と位置付けられている人事院に配慮した仕組みとするのは妥当だろう。
The bills also incorporate a provision for creating the post of “assistant to minister”—up to six officials in the Cabinet Office, and one at the Reconstruction Agency and each ministry—“when it is particularly necessary.” Lawmakers and people from the private sector can be assigned to this post. These assistants will serve as government officials to strengthen politicians’ leadership.
法案は、内閣府に６人以内、復興庁と各省に１人の「大臣補佐官」を「特に必要がある場合」に、置けることも盛り込んだ。国会議員や民間人を起用できる。政治主導を強める政務スタッフとなる。
However, the government must not appoint an excessive number of officials to this post. If it sets up the post, the government should explain why it needs it and determine what roles the ministerial assistants, senior vice ministers and parliamentary secretaries should play.
だが、むやみにポストを増やしてはならない。設置するなら、必要性を明らかにし、副大臣、政務官との役割分担も図るべきだ。
The administration led by the Democratic Party of Japan emphasized “lawmaker-led politics,” demoralizing bureaucrats and causing confusion and stagnation in public administration. We urge the government to reflect on this as it tries to realize lawmaker-led politics.
民主党政権は、「政治主導」を振りかざし、官僚の意欲をそいだ結果、行政の混乱と停滞を招いた。その反省も踏まえた政治主導を実現してもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 6, 2013)
（2013年11月6日01時32分 読売新聞）
2013年11月07日
米軍無人機攻撃 民間人の犠牲拡大を阻止せよ
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 6, 2013
Civilian casualties in drone attacks must be prevented from expanding
米軍無人機攻撃 民間人の犠牲拡大を阻止せよ（11月5日付・読売社説）
Drone strikes that kill civilians have been drawing a backlash against U.S.-led operations to eliminate terrorist groups. The goal of the U.S.-led counterterrorism campaign may be threatened unless the number of victims of wrongly targeted drone attacks is prevented from increasing.
無人機による民間人への誤爆が、米軍主導のテロ掃討作戦への反発を招いている。誤爆の犠牲者の拡大を食い止めなければ、作戦の遂行も危うくなりかねない。
A U.N. expert tasked with investigating drone attacks conducted by the United States and Britain as antiterrorist operations in Pakistan and Afghanistan has issued a report through the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly.
対テロ作戦として米国や英国がパキスタンやアフガニスタンで進める無人機攻撃の実態に関し、国連に調査を依頼された専門家が国連総会第３委員会で報告した。
Since 2004, civilian deaths in drone attacks have reportedly exceeded 450.
攻撃の巻き添えで死亡した民間人は、２００４年以降、合計で４５０人を上回るという。
The United States is said to have started strikes against terrorists with missile-firing drones around 2001.
米国は０１年頃から、対テロ作戦でミサイルなどを備えた無人機による攻撃を開始したとされる。
After the whereabouts of strike targets are determined in cooperation with informants, a drone remotely controlled from a base on the U.S. mainland is sent into the skies over the targeted spots. The strike is launched after the target is spotted by the built-in radar and an onboard camera.
情報提供者の協力で敵の所在を突き止め、米本土の基地から遠隔操作で無人機を現場上空に送り込む。搭載したレーダーやカメラで標的を見極めて攻撃する。
Drone attacks have the advantage of not causing U.S. casualties. In addition, drones offer airborne access to areas that are otherwise only accessible over land routes that pass through tribal areas in Pakistan and are very difficult to traverse. Capable of long flights and instant attacks, drones have proved effective in eliminating hiding terrorist suspects.
米国側に人的損害が出ない上、パキスタンの部族地域のように陸上からは接近が難しい場所でも、上空からならたやすい。長時間の滞空が可能で即時攻撃能力があるので、潜伏中のテロ容疑者の掃討に威力を発揮している。
One example is the recent strike that killed the supreme leader of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan.
最近も「パキスタン・タリバン運動」の最高指導者を攻撃して、殺害したことが判明した。
As pointed out by the U.N. report, drones are designed to access and strike targets with precision-guided weapons, thereby minimizing collateral casualties.
国連報告が指摘しているように、無人機は本来、敵に接近して精密誘導兵器で攻撃を行う。誤爆はむしろ防ぎやすいはずだ。
But if there have been as many erroneous drone strikes as reported, it will be necessary to follow targets precisely via intelligence gathering activities on the ground.
だが、実際に誤爆が多いとすれば、地上の情報収集で敵の動静を的確に把握することが必要だ。
Enhance transparency
The U.N. report recommended that the United States disclose information about drone strikes that result in civilian casualties. Although Washington has revealed almost no information about its drone strike program, it should disclose information about drone strikes suspected to have led to civilian casualties.
国連報告は、米国に対し、民間人誤爆に関する情報を公開するよう勧告した。米政府は、無人機攻撃の作戦情報をほとんど公開していない。誤爆と疑われる場合は、情報を開示すべきである。
Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif called for an end to drone strikes during a meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama last month.
パキスタンのシャリフ首相は先月、オバマ米大統領と会談し、無人機攻撃の中止を求めた。
But Obama plans to continue the attacks as the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan approaches. Before the withdrawal is completed next year, the United States presumably wants to eliminate as many leaders of terrorist groups escaping from Afghanistan into Pakistan as possible.
だが、大統領は無人機攻撃は続行する方針だ。米軍のアフガン撤退が来年に迫っている。それまでに、アフガンからパキスタンに逃げ込んでいるテロ組織幹部をできるだけ排除したいのだろう。
Pakistan has joined in antiterrorist campaigns. The United States and Pakistan are urged to cooperate in mopping up terrorist groups for the benefit of regional stabilization.
テロとの戦いには、パキスタンも加わっている。米パ両国は地域の安定のため、協力してテロ勢力掃討に取り組んでもらいたい。
U.S. drone strikes have been declining since peaking in 2010. Obama has already announced his intention to scale back on such attacks and enhance their transparency.
米国の無人機攻撃は１０年をピークに減少傾向にある。大統領は攻撃規模を縮小し、透明性を高める意向を既に明らかにしている。
It is worrying, however, that more and more countries have been introducing drones. Drones must not be left uncontrolled as lethal stealth weapons. International efforts must be accelerated to work out global rules on such matters as public disclosure.
一方で、無人機を導入する国が増えているのは気がかりだ。秘密の殺人兵器として、野放しにしてはなるまい。情報開示など国際規範作りへの検討を急ぎたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 5, 2013)
（2013年11月5日02時10分 読売新聞）
Civilian casualties in drone attacks must be prevented from expanding
米軍無人機攻撃 民間人の犠牲拡大を阻止せよ（11月5日付・読売社説）
Drone strikes that kill civilians have been drawing a backlash against U.S.-led operations to eliminate terrorist groups. The goal of the U.S.-led counterterrorism campaign may be threatened unless the number of victims of wrongly targeted drone attacks is prevented from increasing.
無人機による民間人への誤爆が、米軍主導のテロ掃討作戦への反発を招いている。誤爆の犠牲者の拡大を食い止めなければ、作戦の遂行も危うくなりかねない。
A U.N. expert tasked with investigating drone attacks conducted by the United States and Britain as antiterrorist operations in Pakistan and Afghanistan has issued a report through the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly.
対テロ作戦として米国や英国がパキスタンやアフガニスタンで進める無人機攻撃の実態に関し、国連に調査を依頼された専門家が国連総会第３委員会で報告した。
Since 2004, civilian deaths in drone attacks have reportedly exceeded 450.
攻撃の巻き添えで死亡した民間人は、２００４年以降、合計で４５０人を上回るという。
The United States is said to have started strikes against terrorists with missile-firing drones around 2001.
米国は０１年頃から、対テロ作戦でミサイルなどを備えた無人機による攻撃を開始したとされる。
After the whereabouts of strike targets are determined in cooperation with informants, a drone remotely controlled from a base on the U.S. mainland is sent into the skies over the targeted spots. The strike is launched after the target is spotted by the built-in radar and an onboard camera.
情報提供者の協力で敵の所在を突き止め、米本土の基地から遠隔操作で無人機を現場上空に送り込む。搭載したレーダーやカメラで標的を見極めて攻撃する。
Drone attacks have the advantage of not causing U.S. casualties. In addition, drones offer airborne access to areas that are otherwise only accessible over land routes that pass through tribal areas in Pakistan and are very difficult to traverse. Capable of long flights and instant attacks, drones have proved effective in eliminating hiding terrorist suspects.
米国側に人的損害が出ない上、パキスタンの部族地域のように陸上からは接近が難しい場所でも、上空からならたやすい。長時間の滞空が可能で即時攻撃能力があるので、潜伏中のテロ容疑者の掃討に威力を発揮している。
One example is the recent strike that killed the supreme leader of Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan.
最近も「パキスタン・タリバン運動」の最高指導者を攻撃して、殺害したことが判明した。
As pointed out by the U.N. report, drones are designed to access and strike targets with precision-guided weapons, thereby minimizing collateral casualties.
国連報告が指摘しているように、無人機は本来、敵に接近して精密誘導兵器で攻撃を行う。誤爆はむしろ防ぎやすいはずだ。
But if there have been as many erroneous drone strikes as reported, it will be necessary to follow targets precisely via intelligence gathering activities on the ground.
だが、実際に誤爆が多いとすれば、地上の情報収集で敵の動静を的確に把握することが必要だ。
Enhance transparency
The U.N. report recommended that the United States disclose information about drone strikes that result in civilian casualties. Although Washington has revealed almost no information about its drone strike program, it should disclose information about drone strikes suspected to have led to civilian casualties.
国連報告は、米国に対し、民間人誤爆に関する情報を公開するよう勧告した。米政府は、無人機攻撃の作戦情報をほとんど公開していない。誤爆と疑われる場合は、情報を開示すべきである。
Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif called for an end to drone strikes during a meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama last month.
パキスタンのシャリフ首相は先月、オバマ米大統領と会談し、無人機攻撃の中止を求めた。
But Obama plans to continue the attacks as the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan approaches. Before the withdrawal is completed next year, the United States presumably wants to eliminate as many leaders of terrorist groups escaping from Afghanistan into Pakistan as possible.
だが、大統領は無人機攻撃は続行する方針だ。米軍のアフガン撤退が来年に迫っている。それまでに、アフガンからパキスタンに逃げ込んでいるテロ組織幹部をできるだけ排除したいのだろう。
Pakistan has joined in antiterrorist campaigns. The United States and Pakistan are urged to cooperate in mopping up terrorist groups for the benefit of regional stabilization.
テロとの戦いには、パキスタンも加わっている。米パ両国は地域の安定のため、協力してテロ勢力掃討に取り組んでもらいたい。
U.S. drone strikes have been declining since peaking in 2010. Obama has already announced his intention to scale back on such attacks and enhance their transparency.
米国の無人機攻撃は１０年をピークに減少傾向にある。大統領は攻撃規模を縮小し、透明性を高める意向を既に明らかにしている。
It is worrying, however, that more and more countries have been introducing drones. Drones must not be left uncontrolled as lethal stealth weapons. International efforts must be accelerated to work out global rules on such matters as public disclosure.
一方で、無人機を導入する国が増えているのは気がかりだ。秘密の殺人兵器として、野放しにしてはなるまい。情報開示など国際規範作りへの検討を急ぎたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 5, 2013)
（2013年11月5日02時10分 読売新聞）
2013年11月06日
武器輸出３原則 国際協力推進へ一層の緩和を
そもそも武器を造るというのが間違っています。
現状で問題ないでしょう。
防護服は武器ではありません。
ベトナム戦争特需、朝鮮戦争特需こそ反省すべきだと思います。
一体どのくらい多くの人たちが、日本製の武器で殺戮されたのでしょうか。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 5, 2013
Ease arms exports principles further to promote international cooperation
武器輸出３原則 国際協力推進へ一層の緩和を（11月4日付・読売社説）
In keeping with the times, it is essential for the government to deepen international cooperation with such countries as the United States in the area of defense equipment by further easing its three principles on arms exports.
時代の流れを踏まえて米国などとの装備面での国際協力を深めるには、武器輸出３原則の一層の緩和が欠かせない。
The government has included a policy of reviewing the three principles in its draft of a national security strategy to be drawn up next month, the first of its kind.
政府は、今年１２月に策定する初の国家安全保障戦略の原案に、武器輸出３原則を見直す方針を盛り込んだ。
It is reasonable for the government to review the defense equipment policy so that Japan’s defense technology and the domestic production base, which has been declining for many years, can be maintained at a certain level and support national security.
長年、右肩下がり傾向にある日本の防衛技術・生産基盤を維持し、安全保障に役立つ方向に防衛装備政策を見直すのは当然だ。
In December 2011, the administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda eased the three principles, making it possible for Japan to export arms or send them abroad for peace-building efforts, and to jointly develop and produce them with other countries.
２０１１年１２月に野田内閣は、３原則を緩和し、武器の平和構築目的の輸出・供与や、国際共同開発・生産を包括的に可能にした。
Relaxation of the principles was historically significant. But various problems emerged as the eased principles were applied.
歴史的な意義を持つものだったが、実際に運用する中で、様々な課題が浮かび上がっている。
The government gave heavy machinery to Haiti for peaceful purposes after Self-Defense Forces personnel sent to the country for U.N. peace-keeping operations completed their mission there. The government has also decided to provide the Philippines with patrol vessels.
平和目的としては、自衛隊が国連平和維持活動（ＰＫＯ）に赴いたハイチに重機を提供し、フィリピンに巡視船供与を決定した。
Yet the provision of such equipment requires the signing of an intergovernmental agreement under which Japan calls on the recipient country to “strictly manage the equipment” so it cannot be used for other than intended purposes or transferred to a third country.
ただ、こうした供与には、目的外使用や第三国移転がないよう、相手国に「厳格な管理」を求める政府間取り決めの締結が必要だ。
Furthermore, the equipment cannot be offered to international or nongovernmental organizations.
国際機関や民間活動団体（ＮＧＯ）への提供もできない。
More transfers expected
In the future, there are likely to be situations in which Japan’s international disaster relief teams will leave behind heavy equipment in a disaster-affected country, or Japan will offer chemical hazard suits to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. It is important to review the principles so they can be applied more flexibly.
国際緊急援助隊が被災地に重機を残す。化学兵器禁止機関（ＯＰＣＷ）に化学防護服を供与する。こうした例も今後は想定される。より機動的で柔軟な制度に見直すことが重要である。
With regards to the joint development and production of weapons with other countries, it is mandatory that the transfer of such arms to a third country be formally approved beforehand by Japan.
国際共同開発・生産では、第三国移転について日本の事前同意手続きが義務づけられている。
It is reasonable to require prior consent from Japan for the transfer of such things as the new U.S. F-35 stealth fighter jet, as 40 percent of its parts are Japanese-made. But it would be realistic to simplify the prior consent for products that have only a few Japanese-made components.
新型戦闘機Ｆ３５のように日本が最大４割の部品を生産するなら事前同意は当然だが、ごく一部しか製造しない場合、事前同意は簡略化するのが現実的だろう。
As a matter of fact, the United States has sounded out Japan over the export of surface-to-air missile parts, whose production has been discontinued in the United States. But because of the prior-consent requirements, this has not been realized.
実際、米国で製造中止となった地対空ミサイル部品の輸出を米側に打診されながら、事前同意が障害となって実現していない。
The export of these parts is the embodiment of international cooperation, and would reinforce the Japan-U.S. alliance in the area of defense equipment. And widely expanding joint development with other countries such as Britain, France and Australia would enhance Japan’s defense technology. Excessive restraints should be removed.
こうした部品輸出は、まさに国際協力であり、装備面で日米同盟を強化する。英仏豪などとも幅広い共同開発を進めることは、日本の防衛技術を向上させる。過剰な制約は取り払うべきだ。
The repair of aircraft of the U.S. forces by Japanese firms overseas or the export of finished arms products, for instance, could also be considered international cooperation. The government should review the three principles from a broader perspective.
日本企業が海外で米軍の航空機を修繕したり、武器の完成品を輸出したりすることも、国際協力となり得る。より多角的に、３原則の見直しを検討してはどうか。
On the other hand, the export of general-purpose parts, such as a warship’s engine parts, which can be used either militarily or commercially, comes under an approval system stipulated by the foreign trade control law but is not subject to the three principles.
一方、艦船のエンジン部品など武器にも民生用にも使える汎用品の輸出は原則、外為法で許可制ではあるが、３原則の対象外だ。
To prevent these general-purpose products from being transferred to China and North Korea via a third country, which could adversely affect Japan’s national security, it is necessary to reinforce screening more than ever.
こうした汎用品が第三国経由で中国や北朝鮮に移転され、日本の安全保障に悪影響を与えることを防ぐには、従来以上に審査を強化することが求められる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 4, 2013)
（2013年11月4日01時49分 読売新聞）
現状で問題ないでしょう。
防護服は武器ではありません。
ベトナム戦争特需、朝鮮戦争特需こそ反省すべきだと思います。
一体どのくらい多くの人たちが、日本製の武器で殺戮されたのでしょうか。
（スラチャイ）
The Yomiuri Shimbun November 5, 2013
Ease arms exports principles further to promote international cooperation
武器輸出３原則 国際協力推進へ一層の緩和を（11月4日付・読売社説）
In keeping with the times, it is essential for the government to deepen international cooperation with such countries as the United States in the area of defense equipment by further easing its three principles on arms exports.
時代の流れを踏まえて米国などとの装備面での国際協力を深めるには、武器輸出３原則の一層の緩和が欠かせない。
The government has included a policy of reviewing the three principles in its draft of a national security strategy to be drawn up next month, the first of its kind.
政府は、今年１２月に策定する初の国家安全保障戦略の原案に、武器輸出３原則を見直す方針を盛り込んだ。
It is reasonable for the government to review the defense equipment policy so that Japan’s defense technology and the domestic production base, which has been declining for many years, can be maintained at a certain level and support national security.
長年、右肩下がり傾向にある日本の防衛技術・生産基盤を維持し、安全保障に役立つ方向に防衛装備政策を見直すのは当然だ。
In December 2011, the administration of Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda eased the three principles, making it possible for Japan to export arms or send them abroad for peace-building efforts, and to jointly develop and produce them with other countries.
２０１１年１２月に野田内閣は、３原則を緩和し、武器の平和構築目的の輸出・供与や、国際共同開発・生産を包括的に可能にした。
Relaxation of the principles was historically significant. But various problems emerged as the eased principles were applied.
歴史的な意義を持つものだったが、実際に運用する中で、様々な課題が浮かび上がっている。
The government gave heavy machinery to Haiti for peaceful purposes after Self-Defense Forces personnel sent to the country for U.N. peace-keeping operations completed their mission there. The government has also decided to provide the Philippines with patrol vessels.
平和目的としては、自衛隊が国連平和維持活動（ＰＫＯ）に赴いたハイチに重機を提供し、フィリピンに巡視船供与を決定した。
Yet the provision of such equipment requires the signing of an intergovernmental agreement under which Japan calls on the recipient country to “strictly manage the equipment” so it cannot be used for other than intended purposes or transferred to a third country.
ただ、こうした供与には、目的外使用や第三国移転がないよう、相手国に「厳格な管理」を求める政府間取り決めの締結が必要だ。
Furthermore, the equipment cannot be offered to international or nongovernmental organizations.
国際機関や民間活動団体（ＮＧＯ）への提供もできない。
More transfers expected
In the future, there are likely to be situations in which Japan’s international disaster relief teams will leave behind heavy equipment in a disaster-affected country, or Japan will offer chemical hazard suits to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. It is important to review the principles so they can be applied more flexibly.
国際緊急援助隊が被災地に重機を残す。化学兵器禁止機関（ＯＰＣＷ）に化学防護服を供与する。こうした例も今後は想定される。より機動的で柔軟な制度に見直すことが重要である。
With regards to the joint development and production of weapons with other countries, it is mandatory that the transfer of such arms to a third country be formally approved beforehand by Japan.
国際共同開発・生産では、第三国移転について日本の事前同意手続きが義務づけられている。
It is reasonable to require prior consent from Japan for the transfer of such things as the new U.S. F-35 stealth fighter jet, as 40 percent of its parts are Japanese-made. But it would be realistic to simplify the prior consent for products that have only a few Japanese-made components.
新型戦闘機Ｆ３５のように日本が最大４割の部品を生産するなら事前同意は当然だが、ごく一部しか製造しない場合、事前同意は簡略化するのが現実的だろう。
As a matter of fact, the United States has sounded out Japan over the export of surface-to-air missile parts, whose production has been discontinued in the United States. But because of the prior-consent requirements, this has not been realized.
実際、米国で製造中止となった地対空ミサイル部品の輸出を米側に打診されながら、事前同意が障害となって実現していない。
The export of these parts is the embodiment of international cooperation, and would reinforce the Japan-U.S. alliance in the area of defense equipment. And widely expanding joint development with other countries such as Britain, France and Australia would enhance Japan’s defense technology. Excessive restraints should be removed.
こうした部品輸出は、まさに国際協力であり、装備面で日米同盟を強化する。英仏豪などとも幅広い共同開発を進めることは、日本の防衛技術を向上させる。過剰な制約は取り払うべきだ。
The repair of aircraft of the U.S. forces by Japanese firms overseas or the export of finished arms products, for instance, could also be considered international cooperation. The government should review the three principles from a broader perspective.
日本企業が海外で米軍の航空機を修繕したり、武器の完成品を輸出したりすることも、国際協力となり得る。より多角的に、３原則の見直しを検討してはどうか。
On the other hand, the export of general-purpose parts, such as a warship’s engine parts, which can be used either militarily or commercially, comes under an approval system stipulated by the foreign trade control law but is not subject to the three principles.
一方、艦船のエンジン部品など武器にも民生用にも使える汎用品の輸出は原則、外為法で許可制ではあるが、３原則の対象外だ。
To prevent these general-purpose products from being transferred to China and North Korea via a third country, which could adversely affect Japan’s national security, it is necessary to reinforce screening more than ever.
こうした汎用品が第三国経由で中国や北朝鮮に移転され、日本の安全保障に悪影響を与えることを防ぐには、従来以上に審査を強化することが求められる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, Nov. 4, 2013)
（2013年11月4日01時49分 読売新聞）