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2013年06月13日
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 12, 2013
China's reliance on force hampers its pursuit of coexistence with U.S.
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない（6月11日付・読売社説）
For stability in the Asia-Pacific region, it is essential that the United States and China--the world’s sole superpower and the second-largest military and economic power--take confidence-building measures.
超大国の米国と世界第２位の軍事・経済大国である中国が信頼醸成を図ることは、アジア太平洋の安定に欠かせない。
Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with U.S. President Barack Obama at a retreat in California. It is unusual for a Chinese president to visit the United States only three months after his inauguration to meet with a U.S. president.
中国の習近平国家主席が米国を訪問し、オバマ大統領とカリフォルニア州の保養施設で会談した。中国の国家主席が就任後わずか３か月で訪米し、米大統領と会談したのは異例だ。
Through eight hours over two days, the two leaders discussed a new cooperative bilateral relationship. They agreed to step up pressure on North Korea over its nuclear programs and promote measures to address global warming. But their differences in intentions were conspicuous.
２日間計約８時間にわたる会談を通じ、両首脳は米中両国の新たな協力関係を巡って協議した。北朝鮮の核問題での圧力強化や地球温暖化対策推進で一致したが、思惑の違いも目立った。
The “new model for a relationship between major countries” that Xi is seeking is a relationship with the United States on an equal footing, in which both sides respect each other’s social systems and core interests. Close attention should be paid to Xi’s remarks during the talks that “the vast Pacific Ocean has enough space for the two large nations of China and the United States.”
習氏が目指す「新型の大国関係」とは、相互の社会制度や「核心的利益」を尊重する、米国と対等の関係である。会談で習氏が「広大な太平洋には両大国を受け入れる十分な空間がある」と語ったことには注意を払わねばならない。
Obama, for his part, called for a “peaceful rise” of China based on the premise that it abide by international rules.
これに対し、オバマ氏は国際ルールの順守を前提にした「平和的な台頭」を中国に求めた。
Cybersecurity concerns
Xi also requested information regarding U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade talks. Beijing apparently is wary that the envisaged trade framework could effectively contain China.
習氏は、米国主導の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉に関する情報提供も要請した。対中包囲網への警戒感があるのだろう。
Obama expressed concerns regarding the focal issue of cyber-attacks seeking illegal access to data, saying resolving cybersecurity issues would be key to the future of U.S.-China economic relations. His remarks are based on suspicions voiced in the United States that the Chinese government is involved in such activities.
焦点のサイバー攻撃による情報不正入手問題で、オバマ氏は、中国政府が関与しているとの米側の疑念を背景に、「この問題の解決は米中経済関係の将来のカギを握る」と懸念を示した。
As long as Xi insists that China is also “a victim of cyber-attacks,” Beijing should take measures to block hacking in cooperation with the United States.
習氏が「中国は被害者だ」と強調する以上、不正入手阻止の対策を米国と進めてもらいたい。
As for the Japan-China confrontation over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, Obama called for dialogue through diplomatic channels rather than actions on the East China Sea. This was meant to persuade China--which continues its saber-rattling by allowing its marine surveillance ships and other vessels to enter Japan’s territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands--to exercise self-restraint.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日中対立について、オバマ氏は「東シナ海での行動ではなく、外交ルートを通じた対話」を求めた。海洋監視船などを尖閣周辺の日本領海に侵入させる示威行動をやめない中国に自制を迫ったものだ。
But Xi said he hopes those concerned, apparently referring to Japan among others, will stop taking provocative actions and promptly return to a track of settling problems appropriately through dialogue. This is an extremely self-serving stance. It is China that must restrain its excessive provocations.
だが、習氏が逆に日本などを念頭に、「挑発を停止し、対話を通じ適切に問題を解決する軌道へ早期に戻るよう望む」と語ったのは身勝手に過ぎる。中国こそ、過激な挑発行動を控えるべきだ。
Must behave responsibly
China’s attempts to unilaterally expand its maritime interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea appear to contradict the “peaceful development” policy it vocally advocates.
中国が「核心的利益」とみなして、東シナ海や南シナ海で一方的に海洋権益拡大を図っているのは、自らが標榜(ひょうぼう)する「平和発展」に矛盾する行動ではないか。
If China seeks an equal relationship of coexistence with the United States, it must behave responsibly to achieve that end. Complying with international rules is a minimum obligation for Beijing.
米国と対等の共存関係を主張するなら、それに見合った責任ある態度が求められる。国際ルールの順守は最低限の義務である。
The Japanese and U.S. governments are planning to set up a bilateral summit meeting to coincide with an upcoming Group of Eight summit meeting of major nations. Japan needs to reconfirm the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance without lowering its guard against China, which is trying to reassure itself that it is indeed a major nation by relying on its mighty power.
日米両政府は、主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）に合わせて首脳会談を開く方向だ。日本は、力に依存した大国意識を高める中国への警戒を緩めず、日米同盟の重要性を再確認する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 11, 2013)
（2013年6月11日01時18分 読売新聞）
China's reliance on force hampers its pursuit of coexistence with U.S.
米中首脳会談 力に依存しては共存できない（6月11日付・読売社説）
For stability in the Asia-Pacific region, it is essential that the United States and China--the world’s sole superpower and the second-largest military and economic power--take confidence-building measures.
超大国の米国と世界第２位の軍事・経済大国である中国が信頼醸成を図ることは、アジア太平洋の安定に欠かせない。
Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the United States and met with U.S. President Barack Obama at a retreat in California. It is unusual for a Chinese president to visit the United States only three months after his inauguration to meet with a U.S. president.
中国の習近平国家主席が米国を訪問し、オバマ大統領とカリフォルニア州の保養施設で会談した。中国の国家主席が就任後わずか３か月で訪米し、米大統領と会談したのは異例だ。
Through eight hours over two days, the two leaders discussed a new cooperative bilateral relationship. They agreed to step up pressure on North Korea over its nuclear programs and promote measures to address global warming. But their differences in intentions were conspicuous.
２日間計約８時間にわたる会談を通じ、両首脳は米中両国の新たな協力関係を巡って協議した。北朝鮮の核問題での圧力強化や地球温暖化対策推進で一致したが、思惑の違いも目立った。
The “new model for a relationship between major countries” that Xi is seeking is a relationship with the United States on an equal footing, in which both sides respect each other’s social systems and core interests. Close attention should be paid to Xi’s remarks during the talks that “the vast Pacific Ocean has enough space for the two large nations of China and the United States.”
習氏が目指す「新型の大国関係」とは、相互の社会制度や「核心的利益」を尊重する、米国と対等の関係である。会談で習氏が「広大な太平洋には両大国を受け入れる十分な空間がある」と語ったことには注意を払わねばならない。
Obama, for his part, called for a “peaceful rise” of China based on the premise that it abide by international rules.
これに対し、オバマ氏は国際ルールの順守を前提にした「平和的な台頭」を中国に求めた。
Cybersecurity concerns
Xi also requested information regarding U.S.-led Trans-Pacific Partnership multilateral trade talks. Beijing apparently is wary that the envisaged trade framework could effectively contain China.
習氏は、米国主導の環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）交渉に関する情報提供も要請した。対中包囲網への警戒感があるのだろう。
Obama expressed concerns regarding the focal issue of cyber-attacks seeking illegal access to data, saying resolving cybersecurity issues would be key to the future of U.S.-China economic relations. His remarks are based on suspicions voiced in the United States that the Chinese government is involved in such activities.
焦点のサイバー攻撃による情報不正入手問題で、オバマ氏は、中国政府が関与しているとの米側の疑念を背景に、「この問題の解決は米中経済関係の将来のカギを握る」と懸念を示した。
As long as Xi insists that China is also “a victim of cyber-attacks,” Beijing should take measures to block hacking in cooperation with the United States.
習氏が「中国は被害者だ」と強調する以上、不正入手阻止の対策を米国と進めてもらいたい。
As for the Japan-China confrontation over the Senkaku Islands in Okinawa Prefecture, Obama called for dialogue through diplomatic channels rather than actions on the East China Sea. This was meant to persuade China--which continues its saber-rattling by allowing its marine surveillance ships and other vessels to enter Japan’s territorial waters near the Senkaku Islands--to exercise self-restraint.
沖縄県・尖閣諸島を巡る日中対立について、オバマ氏は「東シナ海での行動ではなく、外交ルートを通じた対話」を求めた。海洋監視船などを尖閣周辺の日本領海に侵入させる示威行動をやめない中国に自制を迫ったものだ。
But Xi said he hopes those concerned, apparently referring to Japan among others, will stop taking provocative actions and promptly return to a track of settling problems appropriately through dialogue. This is an extremely self-serving stance. It is China that must restrain its excessive provocations.
だが、習氏が逆に日本などを念頭に、「挑発を停止し、対話を通じ適切に問題を解決する軌道へ早期に戻るよう望む」と語ったのは身勝手に過ぎる。中国こそ、過激な挑発行動を控えるべきだ。
Must behave responsibly
China’s attempts to unilaterally expand its maritime interests in the East China Sea and the South China Sea appear to contradict the “peaceful development” policy it vocally advocates.
中国が「核心的利益」とみなして、東シナ海や南シナ海で一方的に海洋権益拡大を図っているのは、自らが標榜(ひょうぼう)する「平和発展」に矛盾する行動ではないか。
If China seeks an equal relationship of coexistence with the United States, it must behave responsibly to achieve that end. Complying with international rules is a minimum obligation for Beijing.
米国と対等の共存関係を主張するなら、それに見合った責任ある態度が求められる。国際ルールの順守は最低限の義務である。
The Japanese and U.S. governments are planning to set up a bilateral summit meeting to coincide with an upcoming Group of Eight summit meeting of major nations. Japan needs to reconfirm the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance without lowering its guard against China, which is trying to reassure itself that it is indeed a major nation by relying on its mighty power.
日米両政府は、主要８か国首脳会議（Ｇ８サミット）に合わせて首脳会談を開く方向だ。日本は、力に依存した大国意識を高める中国への警戒を緩めず、日米同盟の重要性を再確認する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 11, 2013)
（2013年6月11日01時18分 読売新聞）
2013年06月12日
株式投資よりも利益率の高い商品先物取引
5月23日の東証ブラックサーズデイは日本の株式投資家に多大なショックを与えましたが、海外ヘッジファンドの仕業だと睨んでいます。
6月に行っても東証株式市場はいまいちぱっとしませんね。
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中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 11, 2013
Unfair trade practices, protectionism hurting growth of world economy
中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易（6月9日付・読売社説）
International trade disputes have been erupting frequently. It is important to correct unfair trade practices and revitalize the world economy.
貿易を巡る国際紛争が頻発している。不公正な貿易慣行は是正し、世界経済を活性化させることが重要である。
The European Union recently reached a provisional decision to impose antidumping levies on imports of Chinese solar panels in two stages, saying that Chinese firms are exporting them at improperly low prices.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は、中国企業が太陽光パネルを不当に安値で輸出しているとして、中国製パネルに２段階で反ダンピング（不当廉売）関税をかける仮決定を下した。
The EU will impose a tariff of about 12 percent on imported Chinese solar panels until early August, and increase this to an average of 48 percent later if Beijing does not take corrective measures to resolve the issue. The EU will decide by the end of the year on whether to keep the levies in place.
８月初めまで約１２％を課税し、中国側が是正措置を取らない場合は約４８％に引き上げる。ＥＵは年末に最終決定する方針だ。
According to the EU, Chinese exporters sell their solar panels for as much as 90 percent below a fair market price. They have apparently been trying to increase sales in the EU market, the biggest export market for their products, with scant regard for making a profit.
ＥＵによると、中国企業は市場価格より９割も安値で販売していた。採算を度外視しても、最大の輸出先であるＥＵ市場に販売を拡大する狙いだったようだ。
Battered by China’s low-priced sales drive, business conditions for their European counterparts have deteriorated. Some have gone bankrupt.
安値攻勢にさらされて経営が悪化し、倒産に追い込まれた欧州企業も出ている。
EU position understandable
We can understand the EU stance of trying to rectify an unfair trade practice, in line with international rules of the World Trade Organization.
ＥＵが世界貿易機関（ＷＴＯ）の国際ルールに沿って、不公正貿易慣行の是正を目指す姿勢は理解できる。
The EU will impose a low tariff in the first stage, as it attempts to elicit concessions from China amicably. It also took into account the caution some member nations such as Germany feel about taking tough measures against Beijing.
ＥＵが第１段階として低率関税をかけるのは、対中強硬策に慎重なドイツなどメンバー国に配慮する一方、中国から穏便に譲歩を引き出したいとの判断がある。
However, China reacted sharply and announced it would launch an investigation into the possible dumping of European wine on its market. This appears to be a tit-for-tat response.
だが、中国は反発し、ＥＵ産ワインのダンピング調査を発表した。対抗措置とみられる。
As it remains uncertain whether European wine exports actually caused any actual loss to the Chinese market, Beijing’s forceful action can hardly be considered as adhering to international rules.
実害があるのか不透明なだけに、中国の強硬姿勢は、国際ルール逸脱と受け止められても仕方ない。
China and the EU also are at loggerheads over China-made mobile telecommunications equipment. The EU has launched an investigation into possible dumping by Chinese makers. The current situation could degenerate into the mutual imposition of sanctions.
中国とＥＵは、中国製の通信機器でも対立し、ＥＵがダンピング調査に入った。制裁の応酬に発展しかねない事態である。
EU countries and China have become key trading partners. Should their trade conflict escalate, it would adversely affect the global economy. We hope the EU and China try to settle their disputes as soon as possible through dialogue.
欧州と中国は互いに主要な貿易相手になっている。対立がエスカレートすれば、世界経済にも悪影響が及ぼう。対話を通じ、早期収拾を目指してもらいたい。
The growing trend toward protectionism in various parts of the world is a cause for concern. This is apparently designed to assist domestic industries while the world economy dawdles toward a full-fledged recovery and some newly emerging economies face a slowdown in growth.
懸念されるのは、世界経済の本格回復が遅れ、新興国の成長が減速する中、自国産業の支援を意図した保護貿易主義的な動きが各地で強まっていることだ。
Japan claim upheld
In May, the WTO upheld Japan’s claim against a controversial feed-in tariff program introduced by the Canadian province of Ontario. Only companies that meet certain local content levels for renewable energy-related equipment can take part in the program, in which electricity generated from renewable energy sources is sold to power companies at fixed prices.
The WTO ordered the province to take corrective measures.
カナダ・オンタリオ州が再生可能エネルギーの固定価格買い取り制度で地元企業を優遇した措置について、ＷＴＯは５月、不当だとする日本の主張を認め、カナダに是正を勧告した。
Japan, together with the United States and the EU, have filed claims against China’s export controls on rare earth minerals, as well as Argentina’s import permission system for certain goods, such as automobiles. They referred the issues to the WTO because they wanted action to correct these unfair trade practices.
日本は米国、ＥＵとともに、中国のレアアース（希土類）の輸出制限措置や、自動車などを対象にしたアルゼンチンの輸入許可制度についても、不公正措置と問題視し、ＷＴＯに是正を訴えた。
The rise of trade protectionism is detrimental to development of the world economy. Japan has to devise a strategy to cooperate with the United States and European countries, while holding on to the WTO rules as fundamental to promoting the global economy.
保護貿易主義の台頭は、世界経済の発展にマイナスだ。自由貿易推進へ、日本は今後もＷＴＯルールを基本とし、米欧と連携する戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 9, 2013)
（2013年6月9日01時45分 読売新聞）
Unfair trade practices, protectionism hurting growth of world economy
中国・欧州摩擦 世界経済を損なう不公正貿易（6月9日付・読売社説）
International trade disputes have been erupting frequently. It is important to correct unfair trade practices and revitalize the world economy.
貿易を巡る国際紛争が頻発している。不公正な貿易慣行は是正し、世界経済を活性化させることが重要である。
The European Union recently reached a provisional decision to impose antidumping levies on imports of Chinese solar panels in two stages, saying that Chinese firms are exporting them at improperly low prices.
欧州連合（ＥＵ）は、中国企業が太陽光パネルを不当に安値で輸出しているとして、中国製パネルに２段階で反ダンピング（不当廉売）関税をかける仮決定を下した。
The EU will impose a tariff of about 12 percent on imported Chinese solar panels until early August, and increase this to an average of 48 percent later if Beijing does not take corrective measures to resolve the issue. The EU will decide by the end of the year on whether to keep the levies in place.
８月初めまで約１２％を課税し、中国側が是正措置を取らない場合は約４８％に引き上げる。ＥＵは年末に最終決定する方針だ。
According to the EU, Chinese exporters sell their solar panels for as much as 90 percent below a fair market price. They have apparently been trying to increase sales in the EU market, the biggest export market for their products, with scant regard for making a profit.
ＥＵによると、中国企業は市場価格より９割も安値で販売していた。採算を度外視しても、最大の輸出先であるＥＵ市場に販売を拡大する狙いだったようだ。
Battered by China’s low-priced sales drive, business conditions for their European counterparts have deteriorated. Some have gone bankrupt.
安値攻勢にさらされて経営が悪化し、倒産に追い込まれた欧州企業も出ている。
EU position understandable
We can understand the EU stance of trying to rectify an unfair trade practice, in line with international rules of the World Trade Organization.
ＥＵが世界貿易機関（ＷＴＯ）の国際ルールに沿って、不公正貿易慣行の是正を目指す姿勢は理解できる。
The EU will impose a low tariff in the first stage, as it attempts to elicit concessions from China amicably. It also took into account the caution some member nations such as Germany feel about taking tough measures against Beijing.
ＥＵが第１段階として低率関税をかけるのは、対中強硬策に慎重なドイツなどメンバー国に配慮する一方、中国から穏便に譲歩を引き出したいとの判断がある。
However, China reacted sharply and announced it would launch an investigation into the possible dumping of European wine on its market. This appears to be a tit-for-tat response.
だが、中国は反発し、ＥＵ産ワインのダンピング調査を発表した。対抗措置とみられる。
As it remains uncertain whether European wine exports actually caused any actual loss to the Chinese market, Beijing’s forceful action can hardly be considered as adhering to international rules.
実害があるのか不透明なだけに、中国の強硬姿勢は、国際ルール逸脱と受け止められても仕方ない。
China and the EU also are at loggerheads over China-made mobile telecommunications equipment. The EU has launched an investigation into possible dumping by Chinese makers. The current situation could degenerate into the mutual imposition of sanctions.
中国とＥＵは、中国製の通信機器でも対立し、ＥＵがダンピング調査に入った。制裁の応酬に発展しかねない事態である。
EU countries and China have become key trading partners. Should their trade conflict escalate, it would adversely affect the global economy. We hope the EU and China try to settle their disputes as soon as possible through dialogue.
欧州と中国は互いに主要な貿易相手になっている。対立がエスカレートすれば、世界経済にも悪影響が及ぼう。対話を通じ、早期収拾を目指してもらいたい。
The growing trend toward protectionism in various parts of the world is a cause for concern. This is apparently designed to assist domestic industries while the world economy dawdles toward a full-fledged recovery and some newly emerging economies face a slowdown in growth.
懸念されるのは、世界経済の本格回復が遅れ、新興国の成長が減速する中、自国産業の支援を意図した保護貿易主義的な動きが各地で強まっていることだ。
Japan claim upheld
In May, the WTO upheld Japan’s claim against a controversial feed-in tariff program introduced by the Canadian province of Ontario. Only companies that meet certain local content levels for renewable energy-related equipment can take part in the program, in which electricity generated from renewable energy sources is sold to power companies at fixed prices.
The WTO ordered the province to take corrective measures.
カナダ・オンタリオ州が再生可能エネルギーの固定価格買い取り制度で地元企業を優遇した措置について、ＷＴＯは５月、不当だとする日本の主張を認め、カナダに是正を勧告した。
Japan, together with the United States and the EU, have filed claims against China’s export controls on rare earth minerals, as well as Argentina’s import permission system for certain goods, such as automobiles. They referred the issues to the WTO because they wanted action to correct these unfair trade practices.
日本は米国、ＥＵとともに、中国のレアアース（希土類）の輸出制限措置や、自動車などを対象にしたアルゼンチンの輸入許可制度についても、不公正措置と問題視し、ＷＴＯに是正を訴えた。
The rise of trade protectionism is detrimental to development of the world economy. Japan has to devise a strategy to cooperate with the United States and European countries, while holding on to the WTO rules as fundamental to promoting the global economy.
保護貿易主義の台頭は、世界経済の発展にマイナスだ。自由貿易推進へ、日本は今後もＷＴＯルールを基本とし、米欧と連携する戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 9, 2013)
（2013年6月9日01時45分 読売新聞）
2013年06月11日
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:「年相応」の生活楽しんで ／東京
June 09, 2013(Mainichi Japan)
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Enjoy life in old age, but don't push too hard
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:「年相応」の生活楽しんで ／東京
Recently, 80-year-old Yuichiro Miura made the news for climbing to the top of Mt. Everest. At a news conference held right after his return to Japan, he revealed yet another goal, saying, "Next I will ski down an 8,000-meter mountain."
８０歳でエベレスト登頂を果たした三浦雄一郎さん。帰国早々の記者会見では「次は８０００メートル級の山でスキーを」と、新たな夢を語っていた。
The energy of people like Miura in their 80s and 90s nowadays is surprising. When I go to the bookstore, I see best sellers by authors in their 80s and autobiographies by pianists and photographers in their 90s. Meanwhile, I know a woman who in her 70s decided to study a foreign language abroad, and was a little taken aback by a friend's reaction who had heard it was popular among grandmothers who had finished caring for their grandchildren. It seems no one is surprised these days if someone in their 70s starts something new.
最近の８０代、９０代の「元気っぷり」はすごい。書店に行くと８０代の作家の本がベストセラーになっていたり、９０代のピアニスト、写真家の自叙伝が出ていたり。私の知人で７０代になってから語学留学を決意して友人に相談したら、「それ『グランママ留学』って言うんでしょ？ 孫の世話が一段落した祖母たちの間ではやっているんですって」と言われ、拍子抜けしてしまったという女性がいた。今や７０代で新しいことを始めても、誰も驚かない時代になったのだ。
However, not everyone enters into old age with good health and strong curiosity. For fiscal 2010, the average "healthful life expectancy" -- the age through which one lives a normal, unhindered lifestyle -- in Japan was 70 for men and 74 for women. We can see that the 82-year-old who starts learning ballet, or the 91-year-old who goes mountain hiking every week, are very much exceptions to the norm.
とはいえ、誰もが健康に恵まれ好奇心も旺盛のまま、高齢になるわけではない。「日常生活に制限のない期間」を「健康寿命」と呼ぶことがあるが、２０１０年度の日本の調査では男性の平均がおよそ７０歳、女性は７４歳。「バレエを習い始めた８２歳」や「毎週、山歩きを続ける９１歳」というのは、例外中の例外ということがわかる。
Once, a woman in her 80s visited my consultation room. "I don't feel like doing anything. Do I have depression?" she asked. Her husband had died and she lived with her son's family. She also had a bad back and other chronic conditions. However, she was articulate, she didn't look like someone in their 80s, and she didn't seem to have any significant difficulties living her day-to-day life.
かつて、私の診察室に「何もやる気になれなくて。うつ病じゃないでしょうか」と訴える８０代の女性が来たことがあった。その人は夫に先立たれ、今は息子一家と同居しているのだが、慢性の腰痛などの持病を抱えていた。しかし、話の内容はしっかりしているし、見た目も８０代とは思えない。今のところ、特に支障なく生活できているようだった。
"I don't think it's depression. Don't worry too much, listen to music, talk on the phone to friends, and do what you want," I advised, but she didn't look convinced. In her mind, people in their 80s were supposed to be energetic, contributing to society and pursuing new goals.
「うつ病とは思えませんよ。あまり心配なさらずに、音楽を聴いたり友だちと電話したり、好きなようにすごせばいいんじゃないですか」とアドバイスをしたのだが、それでも納得のいかない顔をしている。その人の頭の中にある８０代とは、「はつらつと社会貢献をしたり、新しい夢に向かって走り続ける」イメージのようなのだ。
Of course, it is wonderful if people can continue with their jobs or hobbies into their 80s and 90s. I want people to pursue their goals without holding back because of their age. But not everyone has to climb Mt. Everest or publish a best seller. It is precisely because those people are rare that they gain such public attention. In recent years the phrase "appropriate for one's age" has gained negative connotations, but there should be nothing wrong with living our elderly lives quietly in accordance with the illnesses and other effects of our age.
もちろん、仕事にせよ趣味にせよ、現役のままで８０代、９０代を迎えるのは素晴らしい。やりたいことがあれば「年だから」と遠慮せずに挑戦してほしいもの。でも、誰もがエベレストに登ったりベストセラーを出版したりする必要はない。そういう人はとても珍しいからこそ、世間から注目されるのだ。「年相応」というのは近ごろはなんだか否定的な言葉にも聞こえるが、その年なりの病や老いとも向き合いつつ、静かにすごす高齢ライフがあってもいいはずだ。
To seniors I would like to say, enjoy yourselves without pushing too hard.
楽しむけれど、無理はしすぎない。そんな生活を楽しんで、と人生の先輩たちには伝えたい。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2013年06月04日 地方版
Kaleidoscope of the Heart: Enjoy life in old age, but don't push too hard
香山リカのココロの万華鏡:「年相応」の生活楽しんで ／東京
Recently, 80-year-old Yuichiro Miura made the news for climbing to the top of Mt. Everest. At a news conference held right after his return to Japan, he revealed yet another goal, saying, "Next I will ski down an 8,000-meter mountain."
８０歳でエベレスト登頂を果たした三浦雄一郎さん。帰国早々の記者会見では「次は８０００メートル級の山でスキーを」と、新たな夢を語っていた。
The energy of people like Miura in their 80s and 90s nowadays is surprising. When I go to the bookstore, I see best sellers by authors in their 80s and autobiographies by pianists and photographers in their 90s. Meanwhile, I know a woman who in her 70s decided to study a foreign language abroad, and was a little taken aback by a friend's reaction who had heard it was popular among grandmothers who had finished caring for their grandchildren. It seems no one is surprised these days if someone in their 70s starts something new.
最近の８０代、９０代の「元気っぷり」はすごい。書店に行くと８０代の作家の本がベストセラーになっていたり、９０代のピアニスト、写真家の自叙伝が出ていたり。私の知人で７０代になってから語学留学を決意して友人に相談したら、「それ『グランママ留学』って言うんでしょ？ 孫の世話が一段落した祖母たちの間ではやっているんですって」と言われ、拍子抜けしてしまったという女性がいた。今や７０代で新しいことを始めても、誰も驚かない時代になったのだ。
However, not everyone enters into old age with good health and strong curiosity. For fiscal 2010, the average "healthful life expectancy" -- the age through which one lives a normal, unhindered lifestyle -- in Japan was 70 for men and 74 for women. We can see that the 82-year-old who starts learning ballet, or the 91-year-old who goes mountain hiking every week, are very much exceptions to the norm.
とはいえ、誰もが健康に恵まれ好奇心も旺盛のまま、高齢になるわけではない。「日常生活に制限のない期間」を「健康寿命」と呼ぶことがあるが、２０１０年度の日本の調査では男性の平均がおよそ７０歳、女性は７４歳。「バレエを習い始めた８２歳」や「毎週、山歩きを続ける９１歳」というのは、例外中の例外ということがわかる。
Once, a woman in her 80s visited my consultation room. "I don't feel like doing anything. Do I have depression?" she asked. Her husband had died and she lived with her son's family. She also had a bad back and other chronic conditions. However, she was articulate, she didn't look like someone in their 80s, and she didn't seem to have any significant difficulties living her day-to-day life.
かつて、私の診察室に「何もやる気になれなくて。うつ病じゃないでしょうか」と訴える８０代の女性が来たことがあった。その人は夫に先立たれ、今は息子一家と同居しているのだが、慢性の腰痛などの持病を抱えていた。しかし、話の内容はしっかりしているし、見た目も８０代とは思えない。今のところ、特に支障なく生活できているようだった。
"I don't think it's depression. Don't worry too much, listen to music, talk on the phone to friends, and do what you want," I advised, but she didn't look convinced. In her mind, people in their 80s were supposed to be energetic, contributing to society and pursuing new goals.
「うつ病とは思えませんよ。あまり心配なさらずに、音楽を聴いたり友だちと電話したり、好きなようにすごせばいいんじゃないですか」とアドバイスをしたのだが、それでも納得のいかない顔をしている。その人の頭の中にある８０代とは、「はつらつと社会貢献をしたり、新しい夢に向かって走り続ける」イメージのようなのだ。
Of course, it is wonderful if people can continue with their jobs or hobbies into their 80s and 90s. I want people to pursue their goals without holding back because of their age. But not everyone has to climb Mt. Everest or publish a best seller. It is precisely because those people are rare that they gain such public attention. In recent years the phrase "appropriate for one's age" has gained negative connotations, but there should be nothing wrong with living our elderly lives quietly in accordance with the illnesses and other effects of our age.
もちろん、仕事にせよ趣味にせよ、現役のままで８０代、９０代を迎えるのは素晴らしい。やりたいことがあれば「年だから」と遠慮せずに挑戦してほしいもの。でも、誰もがエベレストに登ったりベストセラーを出版したりする必要はない。そういう人はとても珍しいからこそ、世間から注目されるのだ。「年相応」というのは近ごろはなんだか否定的な言葉にも聞こえるが、その年なりの病や老いとも向き合いつつ、静かにすごす高齢ライフがあってもいいはずだ。
To seniors I would like to say, enjoy yourselves without pushing too hard.
楽しむけれど、無理はしすぎない。そんな生活を楽しんで、と人生の先輩たちには伝えたい。
(By Rika Kayama, psychiatrist)
毎日新聞 2013年06月04日 地方版
2013年06月10日
自民地域版公約 普天間「県外移設」は二枚舌か
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 9, 2013
LDP, Okinawa chapter out of sync on Futenma air base relocation plan
自民地域版公約 普天間「県外移設」は二枚舌か（6月8日付・読売社説）
It is irresponsible for the Liberal Democratic Party’s Okinawa prefectural chapter to include policies in its campaign pledge that go against Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s weighty political decision and the policies of the party’s headquarters.
安倍首相の重い政治決断や党本部の方針と相いれない県連の政策を公約に掲げることは、政権党として無責任である。
The chapter has decided to mention its demand for relocating the U.S. Marine Corps’ Futenma Air Station to a site outside the prefecture in the prefectural version of the party’s manifesto for the House of Councillors election scheduled for July.
自民党沖縄県連が、７月の参院選の地域版公約（ローカルマニフェスト）に米軍普天間飛行場の「県外移設を求める」と明記することを決めた。
LDP Secretary General Shigeru Ishiba and Policy Research Council Chairwoman Sanae Takaichi repeatedly tried in vain to persuade the chapter not to include the “outside-the-prefecture relocation” pledge in the local manifesto.
自民党の石破幹事長や高市政調会長が再三、「県外移設」を盛り込まないよう県連幹部に説得を試みたが、不調に終わった。
Originally, the prefectural chapter supported a plan to relocate the Futenma Air Station in Ginowan to the Henoko district in Nago. But as calls grew louder among prefectural residents to relocate the base outside the prefecture, in a backlash against the Democratic Party of Japan-led government’s bungled handling of the relocation issue, the chapter changed tack to call for an outside-the-prefecture relocation plan, as Okinawa Gov. Hirokazu Nakaima did.
県連は元々、普天間飛行場の名護市辺野古への移設を支持していた。だが、民主党政権の失政への反発から県外移設を求める県内世論が高まってしまったため、仲井真弘多県知事と同様、「県外移設」に方針転換した経緯がある。
The LDP plans to field a rookie candidate in the Okinawa prefectural constituency of the upper house election against an opposition-affiliated incumbent. Some in the chapter contend it will be impossible to win the election if its candidate insists on relocating the base to Henoko.
参院選沖縄選挙区では、自民党公認の新人が野党系の現職に挑戦する予定だ。県連には「辺野古移設を主張しては選挙に勝てない」との声が出ている。
However, it must be noted that the Futenma relocation is a crucial issue deeply tied to Japan’s diplomatic and security policies. The upcoming poll is a national election, so the chapter should not decide on a campaign pledge based only on regional factors, even if it is intended for the local version of the manifesto.
しかし、普天間移設は日本の外交・安全保障政策に深く関わる重要問題だ。国政選である以上、地域版公約とはいえ、地域事情だけで判断すべきではあるまい。
2-tongued approach baffling
The party headquarters plans to promote the relocation of Futenma to Henoko in its campaign pledge. If the chapter puts forward a policy that is inconsistent with this party line, it will only lead to confusion among voters.
党本部が「辺野古移設」を公約に明記する方針なのに、県連が矛盾する政策を掲げ、使い分けるのは、有権者を惑わすだけだ。
The Futenma issue is in an extremely critical phase of determining whether the longstanding issue can be resolved.
普天間問題は今、長年の懸案が解決するかどうかの極めて重大な局面を迎えている。
In a summit meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama in February, Abe confirmed a policy to push forward the Futenma relocation. In March, the government filed an application with the Okinawa prefectural government for approval of reclamation of the Henoko coastal area for this purpose.
安倍首相は２月の日米首脳会談で辺野古移設を推進する方針を確認し、３月に辺野古沿岸部の埋め立てを沖縄県に申請した。
The Abe administration must stand fast on its plan to accelerate the relocation to Henoko. The Nago Fisheries Cooperative, which agreed with the reclamation plan, has said it “will withdraw the approval if the relocation to Henoko is not mentioned in the LDP’s campaign pledge.”
重要なのは、安倍政権が、辺野古移設を推進する今の立場から決してぶれないことだ。埋め立てに同意した名護漁協は「自民党公約に辺野古移設が明記されなければ同意を撤回する」としている。
If the reclamation is not permitted, this would be a serious blow to the Abe administration.
仮に埋め立てが不許可となれば政権への打撃は避けられない。
Not a smart choice
The LDP must take seriously that the prime minister made a political decision with high stakes. It is only natural that the party as a whole cooperate in his bid to promote the relocation to Henoko.
自民党は、首相がそのリスクを取る政治判断をしたことを重く受け止め、一丸となって辺野古移設に協力するのが筋である。
First of all, the plan to relocate the base outside the prefecture is unlikely to be realized because it contains no concrete measures. The plan will most certainly lead to extending the status quo for a long time, during which the Futenma base will continue to pose a risk to the surrounding areas. This cannot be a smart choice for the prefecture.
そもそも県外移設は何の具体案もなく、実現性が乏しい。普天間飛行場の危険な現状を長期間、固定化させるのは確実だ。沖縄にとって賢明な選択ではない。
Some members of the LDP Okinawa prefectural chapter--including Kosaburo Nishime, a House of Representatives member, and upper house member Aiko Shimajiri, a parliamentary secretary of the Cabinet Office--have been indicating they will approve relocation to Henoko. The government and party headquarters must join hands with local entities who have yet to voice their approval of the relocation plan.
県連内には、西銘恒三郎衆院議員や島尻安伊子内閣府政務官など辺野古移設を容認する動きが出ている。政府・自民党は、まだ声を上げていない地元の容認派などと積極的に連携すべきだ。
The first thing to do is to reverse the chapter’s decision in favor of relocation outside the prefecture. This could be the first step to laying the foundation for Gov. Nakaima to approve reclamation of the Henoko coastal area.
まず県連を翻意させることが、仲井真知事が埋め立て許可を決断する環境整備の一歩となろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun June 8, 2013)
（2013年6月8日01時49分 読売新聞）
LDP, Okinawa chapter out of sync on Futenma air base relocation plan
自民地域版公約 普天間「県外移設」は二枚舌か（6月8日付・読売社説）
It is irresponsible for the Liberal Democratic Party’s Okinawa prefectural chapter to include policies in its campaign pledge that go against Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s weighty political decision and the policies of the party’s headquarters.
安倍首相の重い政治決断や党本部の方針と相いれない県連の政策を公約に掲げることは、政権党として無責任である。
The chapter has decided to mention its demand for relocating the U.S. Marine Corps’ Futenma Air Station to a site outside the prefecture in the prefectural version of the party’s manifesto for the House of Councillors election scheduled for July.
自民党沖縄県連が、７月の参院選の地域版公約（ローカルマニフェスト）に米軍普天間飛行場の「県外移設を求める」と明記することを決めた。
LDP Secretary General Shigeru Ishiba and Policy Research Council Chairwoman Sanae Takaichi repeatedly tried in vain to persuade the chapter not to include the “outside-the-prefecture relocation” pledge in the local manifesto.
自民党の石破幹事長や高市政調会長が再三、「県外移設」を盛り込まないよう県連幹部に説得を試みたが、不調に終わった。
Originally, the prefectural chapter supported a plan to relocate the Futenma Air Station in Ginowan to the Henoko district in Nago. But as calls grew louder among prefectural residents to relocate the base outside the prefecture, in a backlash against the Democratic Party of Japan-led government’s bungled handling of the relocation issue, the chapter changed tack to call for an outside-the-prefecture relocation plan, as Okinawa Gov. Hirokazu Nakaima did.
県連は元々、普天間飛行場の名護市辺野古への移設を支持していた。だが、民主党政権の失政への反発から県外移設を求める県内世論が高まってしまったため、仲井真弘多県知事と同様、「県外移設」に方針転換した経緯がある。
The LDP plans to field a rookie candidate in the Okinawa prefectural constituency of the upper house election against an opposition-affiliated incumbent. Some in the chapter contend it will be impossible to win the election if its candidate insists on relocating the base to Henoko.
参院選沖縄選挙区では、自民党公認の新人が野党系の現職に挑戦する予定だ。県連には「辺野古移設を主張しては選挙に勝てない」との声が出ている。
However, it must be noted that the Futenma relocation is a crucial issue deeply tied to Japan’s diplomatic and security policies. The upcoming poll is a national election, so the chapter should not decide on a campaign pledge based only on regional factors, even if it is intended for the local version of the manifesto.
しかし、普天間移設は日本の外交・安全保障政策に深く関わる重要問題だ。国政選である以上、地域版公約とはいえ、地域事情だけで判断すべきではあるまい。
2-tongued approach baffling
The party headquarters plans to promote the relocation of Futenma to Henoko in its campaign pledge. If the chapter puts forward a policy that is inconsistent with this party line, it will only lead to confusion among voters.
党本部が「辺野古移設」を公約に明記する方針なのに、県連が矛盾する政策を掲げ、使い分けるのは、有権者を惑わすだけだ。
The Futenma issue is in an extremely critical phase of determining whether the longstanding issue can be resolved.
普天間問題は今、長年の懸案が解決するかどうかの極めて重大な局面を迎えている。
In a summit meeting with U.S. President Barack Obama in February, Abe confirmed a policy to push forward the Futenma relocation. In March, the government filed an application with the Okinawa prefectural government for approval of reclamation of the Henoko coastal area for this purpose.
安倍首相は２月の日米首脳会談で辺野古移設を推進する方針を確認し、３月に辺野古沿岸部の埋め立てを沖縄県に申請した。
The Abe administration must stand fast on its plan to accelerate the relocation to Henoko. The Nago Fisheries Cooperative, which agreed with the reclamation plan, has said it “will withdraw the approval if the relocation to Henoko is not mentioned in the LDP’s campaign pledge.”
重要なのは、安倍政権が、辺野古移設を推進する今の立場から決してぶれないことだ。埋め立てに同意した名護漁協は「自民党公約に辺野古移設が明記されなければ同意を撤回する」としている。
If the reclamation is not permitted, this would be a serious blow to the Abe administration.
仮に埋め立てが不許可となれば政権への打撃は避けられない。
Not a smart choice
The LDP must take seriously that the prime minister made a political decision with high stakes. It is only natural that the party as a whole cooperate in his bid to promote the relocation to Henoko.
自民党は、首相がそのリスクを取る政治判断をしたことを重く受け止め、一丸となって辺野古移設に協力するのが筋である。
First of all, the plan to relocate the base outside the prefecture is unlikely to be realized because it contains no concrete measures. The plan will most certainly lead to extending the status quo for a long time, during which the Futenma base will continue to pose a risk to the surrounding areas. This cannot be a smart choice for the prefecture.
そもそも県外移設は何の具体案もなく、実現性が乏しい。普天間飛行場の危険な現状を長期間、固定化させるのは確実だ。沖縄にとって賢明な選択ではない。
Some members of the LDP Okinawa prefectural chapter--including Kosaburo Nishime, a House of Representatives member, and upper house member Aiko Shimajiri, a parliamentary secretary of the Cabinet Office--have been indicating they will approve relocation to Henoko. The government and party headquarters must join hands with local entities who have yet to voice their approval of the relocation plan.
県連内には、西銘恒三郎衆院議員や島尻安伊子内閣府政務官など辺野古移設を容認する動きが出ている。政府・自民党は、まだ声を上げていない地元の容認派などと積極的に連携すべきだ。
The first thing to do is to reverse the chapter’s decision in favor of relocation outside the prefecture. This could be the first step to laying the foundation for Gov. Nakaima to approve reclamation of the Henoko coastal area.
まず県連を翻意させることが、仲井真知事が埋め立て許可を決断する環境整備の一歩となろう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun June 8, 2013)
（2013年6月8日01時49分 読売新聞）
2013年06月09日
パキスタン情勢 対米修復が地域の安定を導く
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 8, 2013
Pakistan must improve relations with U.S. for regional stability
パキスタン情勢 対米修復が地域の安定を導く（6月7日付・読売社説）
If political instability is to continue in Pakistan, on the frontline of the United States’ war against terrorism, regional stability is almost hopeless.
米国の対テロ戦争最前線のパキスタンで、政情不安が続くようでは、地域の安定は覚束(おぼつか)ない。
Nawaz Sharif, former prime minister of the country and the leader of the largest opposition party, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz, which won the May general election, was elected as prime minister after his party won support from many independents to gain a majority in the National Assembly.
５月の総選挙で勝利した最大野党の党首のナワズ・シャリフ元首相が、無所属議員を取り込んで議会過半数を制し、首相に選出された。
In a country that has seen repeated coups, a military government did not come into power again and a peaceful administrative change was realized. This shows the country’s democratization movement has further taken root.
クーデターが繰り返されてきたパキスタンで、軍政が復活せず平和的な政権交代が実現した。民主化がさらに定着したことを示すものである。
The winning factor for Sharif was that he criticized the administration of President Asif Ali Zardari as blindly following the United States and succeeded in currying favor with anti-U.S. voters.
シャリフ氏の勝因は、米国と連携して対テロ作戦を進めたザルダリ政権を「対米追従」と批判し、反米票を吸収したことにある。
Two years ago the United States killed Osama bin Laden, the mastermind of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in the United States, who was hiding in Pakistan, without informing the Zardari administration of the attack. In addition, the United States continues drone bombings against Taliban armed antigovernment rebels in areas bordering Afghanistan.
米国は一昨年、パキスタン国内に潜んでいた米同時テロの首謀者ウサマ・ビンラーディンを、ザルダリ政権への通告なしに殺害した。加えて米軍はアフガニスタンとの国境地帯で反政府武装勢力への無人機空爆を続けている。
In his inauguration address, Sharif emphasized, “The drone attacks must now stop.” However, he avoided naming the United States in the speech. We think he is trying to mend relations with the United States, which extends the most assistance to Pakistan, while considering the anti-U.S. sentiment strongly rooted in the nation.
シャリフ氏は首相就任演説で、無人機空爆について「すぐにやめるべきだ」と強調したが、米国を名指しすることは避けた。国内に根強い反米感情に配慮しつつ、最大の援助国、米国との関係修復を図ろうとしているのだろう。
Sharif’s leadership test
The U.S. military’s withdrawal deadline from Afghanistan is the end of next year. Will it be possible for Pakistan to improve the security situation in the country, which is aggravated by the terrorism of the armed rebels, by the deadline and contribute to regional stability?
米軍のアフガンからの撤退期限が来年末に迫っている。それまでに、武装勢力のテロによって悪化した治安を立て直し、地域の安定に貢献できるようになるのか。
Sharif’s leadership ability is now under scrutiny. To demonstrate strong leadership, it is critical for him to establish a relationship of mutual trust with the military forces, which have been engaged in operations to clear out the rebels.
シャリフ氏の指導力が問われよう。それにはまず、武装勢力の掃討作戦に当たっている軍と、信頼関係を築くことが不可欠だ。
Sharif emphasized during his campaign the importance of having dialogues with the Taliban rebels. However, the Taliban refused to enter into dialogue with the Sharif administration because one of its top commanders was killed in a recent U.S. drone attack. The future of the policy of holding dialogues faces a difficult challenge.
シャリフ氏は選挙戦で武装勢力との対話を訴えたが、武装勢力は米軍の無人機攻撃で最高幹部が殺されたとして対話を拒否した。対話路線の前途は険しい。
Relations with India, a neighbor Pakistan has fought in three wars, have been rocky. We hope tensions between India and Pakistan, which both have nuclear weapons, will ease as soon as possible.
３度の戦争を経た隣国インドとの関係もぎくしゃくしている。核兵器を保有する印パ両国の緊張緩和が望まれる。
Balanced diplomacy key
Meanwhile, Sharif has also announced a plan to complete the construction of a road and a railway network connecting Gwadar Port, a strategically important facility, with China, with assistance from that country.
シャリフ氏は、中国の支援で、戦略的要衝のグワダル港と中国を結ぶ道路や鉄道の建設を完成させる方針も表明している。
It is important for Pakistan to improve relations with the United States and India, while not overly strengthening relations with China further, to develop a well-balanced diplomacy.
これ以上、中国への傾斜を強めることなく、米国やインドと関係を改善し、バランスある外交を展開することが重要だ。
It is also an urgent task for the country to boost the economy. With a low economic growth rate of less than 4 percent a year, the country’s foreign currency reserves have sharply declined. Power shortages are also a serious problem. Expectations are running high for Sharif, a former business owner with experience tackling the country’s economic reforms, to restart a suspended International Monetary Fund loan package.
経済へのテコ入れも、急務である。年率４％を下回る低成長で外貨準備が減少し、電力不足も深刻だ。中断した国際通貨基金（ＩＭＦ）の融資再開に向けて、実業家出身で経済改革の経験があるシャリフ氏への期待は大きい。
The Japanese government needs to extend indirect support for the country’s economic reconstruction, by deepening cooperation with the country in such ways as helping to provide a stable supply of electricity.
日本政府は電力の安定供給などの分野で協力を深め、経済再建を側面から支援する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 7, 2013)
（2013年6月7日01時35分 読売新聞）
Pakistan must improve relations with U.S. for regional stability
パキスタン情勢 対米修復が地域の安定を導く（6月7日付・読売社説）
If political instability is to continue in Pakistan, on the frontline of the United States’ war against terrorism, regional stability is almost hopeless.
米国の対テロ戦争最前線のパキスタンで、政情不安が続くようでは、地域の安定は覚束(おぼつか)ない。
Nawaz Sharif, former prime minister of the country and the leader of the largest opposition party, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz, which won the May general election, was elected as prime minister after his party won support from many independents to gain a majority in the National Assembly.
５月の総選挙で勝利した最大野党の党首のナワズ・シャリフ元首相が、無所属議員を取り込んで議会過半数を制し、首相に選出された。
In a country that has seen repeated coups, a military government did not come into power again and a peaceful administrative change was realized. This shows the country’s democratization movement has further taken root.
クーデターが繰り返されてきたパキスタンで、軍政が復活せず平和的な政権交代が実現した。民主化がさらに定着したことを示すものである。
The winning factor for Sharif was that he criticized the administration of President Asif Ali Zardari as blindly following the United States and succeeded in currying favor with anti-U.S. voters.
シャリフ氏の勝因は、米国と連携して対テロ作戦を進めたザルダリ政権を「対米追従」と批判し、反米票を吸収したことにある。
Two years ago the United States killed Osama bin Laden, the mastermind of the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in the United States, who was hiding in Pakistan, without informing the Zardari administration of the attack. In addition, the United States continues drone bombings against Taliban armed antigovernment rebels in areas bordering Afghanistan.
米国は一昨年、パキスタン国内に潜んでいた米同時テロの首謀者ウサマ・ビンラーディンを、ザルダリ政権への通告なしに殺害した。加えて米軍はアフガニスタンとの国境地帯で反政府武装勢力への無人機空爆を続けている。
In his inauguration address, Sharif emphasized, “The drone attacks must now stop.” However, he avoided naming the United States in the speech. We think he is trying to mend relations with the United States, which extends the most assistance to Pakistan, while considering the anti-U.S. sentiment strongly rooted in the nation.
シャリフ氏は首相就任演説で、無人機空爆について「すぐにやめるべきだ」と強調したが、米国を名指しすることは避けた。国内に根強い反米感情に配慮しつつ、最大の援助国、米国との関係修復を図ろうとしているのだろう。
Sharif’s leadership test
The U.S. military’s withdrawal deadline from Afghanistan is the end of next year. Will it be possible for Pakistan to improve the security situation in the country, which is aggravated by the terrorism of the armed rebels, by the deadline and contribute to regional stability?
米軍のアフガンからの撤退期限が来年末に迫っている。それまでに、武装勢力のテロによって悪化した治安を立て直し、地域の安定に貢献できるようになるのか。
Sharif’s leadership ability is now under scrutiny. To demonstrate strong leadership, it is critical for him to establish a relationship of mutual trust with the military forces, which have been engaged in operations to clear out the rebels.
シャリフ氏の指導力が問われよう。それにはまず、武装勢力の掃討作戦に当たっている軍と、信頼関係を築くことが不可欠だ。
Sharif emphasized during his campaign the importance of having dialogues with the Taliban rebels. However, the Taliban refused to enter into dialogue with the Sharif administration because one of its top commanders was killed in a recent U.S. drone attack. The future of the policy of holding dialogues faces a difficult challenge.
シャリフ氏は選挙戦で武装勢力との対話を訴えたが、武装勢力は米軍の無人機攻撃で最高幹部が殺されたとして対話を拒否した。対話路線の前途は険しい。
Relations with India, a neighbor Pakistan has fought in three wars, have been rocky. We hope tensions between India and Pakistan, which both have nuclear weapons, will ease as soon as possible.
３度の戦争を経た隣国インドとの関係もぎくしゃくしている。核兵器を保有する印パ両国の緊張緩和が望まれる。
Balanced diplomacy key
Meanwhile, Sharif has also announced a plan to complete the construction of a road and a railway network connecting Gwadar Port, a strategically important facility, with China, with assistance from that country.
シャリフ氏は、中国の支援で、戦略的要衝のグワダル港と中国を結ぶ道路や鉄道の建設を完成させる方針も表明している。
It is important for Pakistan to improve relations with the United States and India, while not overly strengthening relations with China further, to develop a well-balanced diplomacy.
これ以上、中国への傾斜を強めることなく、米国やインドと関係を改善し、バランスある外交を展開することが重要だ。
It is also an urgent task for the country to boost the economy. With a low economic growth rate of less than 4 percent a year, the country’s foreign currency reserves have sharply declined. Power shortages are also a serious problem. Expectations are running high for Sharif, a former business owner with experience tackling the country’s economic reforms, to restart a suspended International Monetary Fund loan package.
経済へのテコ入れも、急務である。年率４％を下回る低成長で外貨準備が減少し、電力不足も深刻だ。中断した国際通貨基金（ＩＭＦ）の融資再開に向けて、実業家出身で経済改革の経験があるシャリフ氏への期待は大きい。
The Japanese government needs to extend indirect support for the country’s economic reconstruction, by deepening cooperation with the country in such ways as helping to provide a stable supply of electricity.
日本政府は電力の安定供給などの分野で協力を深め、経済再建を側面から支援する必要がある。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 7, 2013)
（2013年6月7日01時35分 読売新聞）
2013年06月08日
成長戦略 民間活力の爆発で日本再生を
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 7, 2013
Utilizing power of private sector key for 'third arrow' to hit target
成長戦略 民間活力の爆発で日本再生を（6月6日付・読売社説）
◆「３本目の矢」を的中させよ
Will Abenomics really be able to boost the competitive power of domestic companies and rejuvenate Japan’s economy? Can Japan win in the global market? The true value of the Abe administration’s economic policies will be finally tested.
企業の競争力を高め、世界に勝てる日本経済へ再生できるか。安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」が、いよいよ真価を問われる。
On Wednesday, the government’s Industrial Competitiveness Council finished compiling a draft of the administration’s growth policy, which is touted as the “third arrow” of Abenomics. Now almost all the elements of Abenomics have been revealed to the public.
政府の産業競争力会議が５日、アベノミクスの「３本目の矢」である成長戦略の素案をまとめた。これで具体的な政策メニューは、ほぼ出そろった。
On the same day, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delivered a speech on the growth strategy at a hotel in Tokyo, stipulating deregulation as the heart of his economic reforms. Abe expressed his resolve to rebuild the nation’s economy, citing the “eruption of the private sector’s vitality” as a key factor of his growth strategy.
安倍首相は成長戦略について講演し、規制緩和を改革の「一丁目一番地」と位置付けた。「民間活力の爆発」をキーワードに日本経済を立て直す決意を示した。
In his speech, Abe also revealed the mid- and long-term goals of his economic policies, such as increasing per-capita gross national income by 1.5 million yen over the next decade.
１人当たりの国民総所得を１０年後に１５０万円増やすなど、中長期的な目標も掲げている。
Full picture of Abenomics
◆メニューは出そろった
The growth strategy has three pillars: to restore the nation’s industries, strategically create new markets and help Japan’s businesses expand abroad. After Abe’s speech, the Tokyo Stock Exchange plunged due to criticism including the notion that the growth strategy lacked originality, but we believe the growth strategy is pointed in the right direction.
政府の成長戦略は「産業再興」「戦略市場創造」「国際展開」が３本柱である。５日の東京株式市場では、内容に新味がないとの見方などから株価が急落したが、戦略の方向性は妥当だ。
Regarding the goal of restoring the nation’s industries, the government will designate the next five years as an emergency period for structural reforms, focusing on measures such as utilizing the untapped potential of the female labor force and promoting private investment.
産業再興は、今後５年間を緊急構造改革期間と定め、女性の人材活用や、民間投資促進などの施策を重点的に実施する。
The centerpiece of the measures is a plan to create “national strategic special deregulation zones,” which Abe revealed Wednesday. The plan aims to create cosmopolitan cities that attract companies and talented workers from all over the world by boldly relaxing regulations in the special zones.
首相が打ち出した「国家戦略特区」はその目玉といえる。大胆な規制緩和を断行し、世界から企業や人材が集まる国際都市をつくる構想だ。
We urge the government to swiftly prepare concrete measures to materialize the plan, so Japan will become a country that provides the best working environment for companies.
日本を「世界で一番企業が活躍しやすい国」とするため、具体化を急ぐ必要がある。
Regarding the goal of strategically creating new markets, the government plans to find and nurture new business opportunities from problems facing Japan, such as the stagnant birthrate, graying of society and aging social infrastructure. It also targets the nation’s medical industry, which is lagging behind foreign competitors, and its agricultural industry, which suffers from low productivity. The agricultural industry has long been urged to enhance its international competitiveness.
戦略市場創造は、少子高齢化やインフラの老朽化など日本が抱える課題を逆手に取り、新たなビジネス育成を目指す。海外に後れを取っている医療産業や、生産性が低く、国際競争力の強化が急務の農業などがターゲットだ。
On deregulation, the growth strategy includes a plan to lift a ban on the online sales of nonprescription drugs. The government also intends to expand the scope of so-called mixed treatments, a combination of medical practices covered in part by public health insurance and in part by patients, which is currently limited to exceptional cases. We believe these measures will lead to important progress.
規制改革では、市販薬のインターネット販売解禁や、保険診療と保険外診療を併用できる範囲の拡大が打ち出された。一定の前進として評価できる。
Japan now faces many difficulties. But let’s turn misfortune into blessings by riding the wind of such deregulation measures and combining the wisdom and innovation of the government and the private sector.
政策支援を追い風に、さらに官民の知恵や工夫を結集し、ピンチをチャンスに変えたい。
Joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership free trade framework will be the first step in promoting the overseas advancement of Japanese businesses. The government needs to work hard to make up for the lack of progress in commerce policies.
国際展開では、環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）への参加が、その第一歩となる。出遅れた通商政策を挽回しなければならない。
Japan’s domestic market has begun to shrink due to the declining population. In such a situation, it is essential for the nation to attract foreign demand to sustain economic growth by boosting infrastructure-related exports, such as nuclear power plants and Shinkansen bullet trains.
人口減で国内市場が縮小している日本が成長を維持するには、原子力発電所や新幹線などインフラの輸出を加速し、海外の需要を取り込むことも不可欠だ。
Beef up control tower functions
◆司令塔の強化が必要だ
All the numerical targets Abe has revealed--including 70 trillion yen in private capital investment, 30 trillion yen in infrastructure exports and 35 trillion yen in direct investment to Japan by foreign companies--are ambitious and lofty goals.
「民間投資７０兆円」「インフラ輸出３０兆円」「対日直接投資３５兆円」――。首相が次々に挙げた政策別の数値目標は、どれも野心的な高い目標である。
His enthusiasm appears genuine, but such goals are meaningless if they end up as empty promises. The Abe administration must steadily carry out measures to achieve its goals and produce real results.
意気込みは頼もしいが、「空手形」では意味がない。着実に実行し、成果を出すことが大切だ。
Achievements were made in less than 10 percent of the policy measures stipulated in the New Growth Strategy two years after it was adopted by the administration of then Prime Minister Naoto Kan in June 2010. A well-detailed timetable that listed when each goal was to be achieved, for instance, was just window dressing.
菅内閣が２０１０年６月に決めた「新成長戦略」は、２年後に成果を出せた施策が１割に満たなかった。達成時期などを示した綿密な工程表も見かけ倒しだった。
The same mistake should not be made again. The management capabilities of the Prime Minister’s Office should be reinforced to block resistance from individual ministries and avoid jurisdictional disputes among ministries over deregulation measures.
同じ轍(てつ)を踏んではならない。官邸の司令塔機能を強化し、規制緩和に対する各府省の抵抗や縄張り争いを監視すべきだ。
Abe said his Cabinet will verify every year the level of achievement of each policy, based on new indicators. If a policy is found to be behind the timetable, the administration will not casually lower the target, but introduce additional measures to achieve the goal. We urge the administration to review the programs continually and improve its measures to achieve goals whenever necessary.
安倍内閣は毎年、政策の達成度を新たな指標で検証するという。進行が遅れた場合は目標を安易に下げず、達成への追加策を講じる仕組みとする。事業を不断に見直し、改善してもらいたい。
We are concerned, however, because many policy measures demanded by business circles were not included in the growth strategy.
気がかりなのは、経済界が要望したのに盛り込まれなかった政策が目立つことである。
For example, businesses sought a reduction in the corporate tax rate, which is higher than those of other major countries, and drastic agricultural reform, including lifting the ban on the possession of farmlands by corporations. However, these measures were shelved.
例えば、他の主要国より高い法人税率の引き下げや、企業による農地所有の解禁などの抜本的な農政改革は見送られた。
The House of Councillors election is just around the corner and a hike in the consumption tax rate is scheduled for April next year. In this situation, Abe and his Liberal Democratic Party probably wanted to avoid policies that could prove unpopular with voters.
参院選や来年４月の消費税率引き上げを控え、有権者の反発を招きかねない政策を避けたかったという事情もあろう。
However, to break the nation’s economic deadlock, the administration needs the determination to bravely challenge the barrier of vested interests. We hope the Abe administration will accelerate discussions on pending issues that it put off dealing with.
だが、日本経済の閉塞状況を打破するには、既得権益の壁に果敢に挑む決意が要る。先送りした懸案の議論を加速してほしい。
To improve the efficacy of the growth strategy, it is important for the Abe administration to improve individual policy measures as well as remove barriers to hamper the economic activities of the private sector.
成長戦略の実効性を上げるには、個々の政策の充実はもとより、民間の経済活動を妨げる障害を除去することが重要となる。
Utilizing power of private sector key for 'third arrow' to hit target
成長戦略 民間活力の爆発で日本再生を（6月6日付・読売社説）
◆「３本目の矢」を的中させよ
Will Abenomics really be able to boost the competitive power of domestic companies and rejuvenate Japan’s economy? Can Japan win in the global market? The true value of the Abe administration’s economic policies will be finally tested.
企業の競争力を高め、世界に勝てる日本経済へ再生できるか。安倍政権の経済政策「アベノミクス」が、いよいよ真価を問われる。
On Wednesday, the government’s Industrial Competitiveness Council finished compiling a draft of the administration’s growth policy, which is touted as the “third arrow” of Abenomics. Now almost all the elements of Abenomics have been revealed to the public.
政府の産業競争力会議が５日、アベノミクスの「３本目の矢」である成長戦略の素案をまとめた。これで具体的な政策メニューは、ほぼ出そろった。
On the same day, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe delivered a speech on the growth strategy at a hotel in Tokyo, stipulating deregulation as the heart of his economic reforms. Abe expressed his resolve to rebuild the nation’s economy, citing the “eruption of the private sector’s vitality” as a key factor of his growth strategy.
安倍首相は成長戦略について講演し、規制緩和を改革の「一丁目一番地」と位置付けた。「民間活力の爆発」をキーワードに日本経済を立て直す決意を示した。
In his speech, Abe also revealed the mid- and long-term goals of his economic policies, such as increasing per-capita gross national income by 1.5 million yen over the next decade.
１人当たりの国民総所得を１０年後に１５０万円増やすなど、中長期的な目標も掲げている。
Full picture of Abenomics
◆メニューは出そろった
The growth strategy has three pillars: to restore the nation’s industries, strategically create new markets and help Japan’s businesses expand abroad. After Abe’s speech, the Tokyo Stock Exchange plunged due to criticism including the notion that the growth strategy lacked originality, but we believe the growth strategy is pointed in the right direction.
政府の成長戦略は「産業再興」「戦略市場創造」「国際展開」が３本柱である。５日の東京株式市場では、内容に新味がないとの見方などから株価が急落したが、戦略の方向性は妥当だ。
Regarding the goal of restoring the nation’s industries, the government will designate the next five years as an emergency period for structural reforms, focusing on measures such as utilizing the untapped potential of the female labor force and promoting private investment.
産業再興は、今後５年間を緊急構造改革期間と定め、女性の人材活用や、民間投資促進などの施策を重点的に実施する。
The centerpiece of the measures is a plan to create “national strategic special deregulation zones,” which Abe revealed Wednesday. The plan aims to create cosmopolitan cities that attract companies and talented workers from all over the world by boldly relaxing regulations in the special zones.
首相が打ち出した「国家戦略特区」はその目玉といえる。大胆な規制緩和を断行し、世界から企業や人材が集まる国際都市をつくる構想だ。
We urge the government to swiftly prepare concrete measures to materialize the plan, so Japan will become a country that provides the best working environment for companies.
日本を「世界で一番企業が活躍しやすい国」とするため、具体化を急ぐ必要がある。
Regarding the goal of strategically creating new markets, the government plans to find and nurture new business opportunities from problems facing Japan, such as the stagnant birthrate, graying of society and aging social infrastructure. It also targets the nation’s medical industry, which is lagging behind foreign competitors, and its agricultural industry, which suffers from low productivity. The agricultural industry has long been urged to enhance its international competitiveness.
戦略市場創造は、少子高齢化やインフラの老朽化など日本が抱える課題を逆手に取り、新たなビジネス育成を目指す。海外に後れを取っている医療産業や、生産性が低く、国際競争力の強化が急務の農業などがターゲットだ。
On deregulation, the growth strategy includes a plan to lift a ban on the online sales of nonprescription drugs. The government also intends to expand the scope of so-called mixed treatments, a combination of medical practices covered in part by public health insurance and in part by patients, which is currently limited to exceptional cases. We believe these measures will lead to important progress.
規制改革では、市販薬のインターネット販売解禁や、保険診療と保険外診療を併用できる範囲の拡大が打ち出された。一定の前進として評価できる。
Japan now faces many difficulties. But let’s turn misfortune into blessings by riding the wind of such deregulation measures and combining the wisdom and innovation of the government and the private sector.
政策支援を追い風に、さらに官民の知恵や工夫を結集し、ピンチをチャンスに変えたい。
Joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership free trade framework will be the first step in promoting the overseas advancement of Japanese businesses. The government needs to work hard to make up for the lack of progress in commerce policies.
国際展開では、環太平洋経済連携協定（ＴＰＰ）への参加が、その第一歩となる。出遅れた通商政策を挽回しなければならない。
Japan’s domestic market has begun to shrink due to the declining population. In such a situation, it is essential for the nation to attract foreign demand to sustain economic growth by boosting infrastructure-related exports, such as nuclear power plants and Shinkansen bullet trains.
人口減で国内市場が縮小している日本が成長を維持するには、原子力発電所や新幹線などインフラの輸出を加速し、海外の需要を取り込むことも不可欠だ。
Beef up control tower functions
◆司令塔の強化が必要だ
All the numerical targets Abe has revealed--including 70 trillion yen in private capital investment, 30 trillion yen in infrastructure exports and 35 trillion yen in direct investment to Japan by foreign companies--are ambitious and lofty goals.
「民間投資７０兆円」「インフラ輸出３０兆円」「対日直接投資３５兆円」――。首相が次々に挙げた政策別の数値目標は、どれも野心的な高い目標である。
His enthusiasm appears genuine, but such goals are meaningless if they end up as empty promises. The Abe administration must steadily carry out measures to achieve its goals and produce real results.
意気込みは頼もしいが、「空手形」では意味がない。着実に実行し、成果を出すことが大切だ。
Achievements were made in less than 10 percent of the policy measures stipulated in the New Growth Strategy two years after it was adopted by the administration of then Prime Minister Naoto Kan in June 2010. A well-detailed timetable that listed when each goal was to be achieved, for instance, was just window dressing.
菅内閣が２０１０年６月に決めた「新成長戦略」は、２年後に成果を出せた施策が１割に満たなかった。達成時期などを示した綿密な工程表も見かけ倒しだった。
The same mistake should not be made again. The management capabilities of the Prime Minister’s Office should be reinforced to block resistance from individual ministries and avoid jurisdictional disputes among ministries over deregulation measures.
同じ轍(てつ)を踏んではならない。官邸の司令塔機能を強化し、規制緩和に対する各府省の抵抗や縄張り争いを監視すべきだ。
Abe said his Cabinet will verify every year the level of achievement of each policy, based on new indicators. If a policy is found to be behind the timetable, the administration will not casually lower the target, but introduce additional measures to achieve the goal. We urge the administration to review the programs continually and improve its measures to achieve goals whenever necessary.
安倍内閣は毎年、政策の達成度を新たな指標で検証するという。進行が遅れた場合は目標を安易に下げず、達成への追加策を講じる仕組みとする。事業を不断に見直し、改善してもらいたい。
We are concerned, however, because many policy measures demanded by business circles were not included in the growth strategy.
気がかりなのは、経済界が要望したのに盛り込まれなかった政策が目立つことである。
For example, businesses sought a reduction in the corporate tax rate, which is higher than those of other major countries, and drastic agricultural reform, including lifting the ban on the possession of farmlands by corporations. However, these measures were shelved.
例えば、他の主要国より高い法人税率の引き下げや、企業による農地所有の解禁などの抜本的な農政改革は見送られた。
The House of Councillors election is just around the corner and a hike in the consumption tax rate is scheduled for April next year. In this situation, Abe and his Liberal Democratic Party probably wanted to avoid policies that could prove unpopular with voters.
参院選や来年４月の消費税率引き上げを控え、有権者の反発を招きかねない政策を避けたかったという事情もあろう。
However, to break the nation’s economic deadlock, the administration needs the determination to bravely challenge the barrier of vested interests. We hope the Abe administration will accelerate discussions on pending issues that it put off dealing with.
だが、日本経済の閉塞状況を打破するには、既得権益の壁に果敢に挑む決意が要る。先送りした懸案の議論を加速してほしい。
To improve the efficacy of the growth strategy, it is important for the Abe administration to improve individual policy measures as well as remove barriers to hamper the economic activities of the private sector.
成長戦略の実効性を上げるには、個々の政策の充実はもとより、民間の経済活動を妨げる障害を除去することが重要となる。
2013年06月07日
Ｗ杯出場決定 いざブラジルへ高まる期待
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 6, 2013
Expectations high for men's soccer team after clinching World Cup berth
Ｗ杯出場決定 いざブラジルへ高まる期待（6月5日付・読売社説）
It is great to see Japan’s national soccer team secure a World Cup berth for the fifth consecutive time. We are looking forward to seeing how the national team players will fare in the big event one year from now.
５大会連続でのワールドカップ（Ｗ杯）出場を喜びたい。
１年後の大舞台で選手たちは、どのようなプレーを見せてくれるのか。今から楽しみだ。
It was the first time ever for Japan to secure a World Cup berth in a home game. The elated team members shared their jubilance with more than 60,000 cheering spectators at a packed Saitama Stadium. It was a moving scene that could only be seen at a home game.
Japan tied with Australia 1-1 on Tuesday in the final round of World Cup qualifiers, winning a ticket to the 2014 World Cup in Brazil.
サッカーの２０１４年Ｗ杯ブラジル大会アジア最終予選で、日本はオーストラリアと引き分け、本大会出場の切符を手にした。
国内で行われた試合でＷ杯出場を決めたのは、今回が初めてだ。埼玉スタジアムを埋めた６万人以上のサポーターと選手は、喜びを分かち合った。ホームゲームならではの感動的な光景だった。
Japanese first qualified for the World Cup in 1998 held in France--a feat the team had been struggling to accomplish for many years.
日本代表がＷ杯初出場を果たしたのは、１９９８年のフランス大会だ。日本サッカー界の長年の悲願だった。
Since then, Japan has won a berth in the finals for Germany 2006, South Africa 2010 and Brazil 2014. It qualified automatically for the 2002 event because it was one of that year’s two cohosts, along with South Korea.
以来、開催国として予選が免除された２００２年の日韓大会を除き、０６年ドイツ大会、１０年南アフリカ大会、そして、今回もアジア予選を見事に勝ち上がった。
J.League serves as springboard
This means the squad has maintained its top-tier status in Asia, which can be attributed to the team’s expanded player depth and smooth introduction of younger, up-and-coming players.
日本代表は、アジアの中でトップクラスの実力を維持し続けているということだ。選手層に厚みが増し、世代交代が比較的、順調に進んだ結果でもあるだろう。
A springboard for Japan’s national team has been J.League, which marked the 20th anniversary of its inception this year. J.League players have intensely competed for their survival in the glamorous but highly competitive professional league.
日本のサッカーが躍進する土台となったのは、今年で発足２０年を迎えたＪリーグだ。華やかながらも、競争の激しいプロリーグで、選手たちは生き残りをかけ、しのぎを削ってきた。
An increasing number of successful J.League players have opted to play for teams overseas, which has helped them develop their agility, techniques and other qualities in demanding environments. Such a trend has surely raised Japan’s level of soccer.
Ｊリーグで実績を残した選手は、海外のクラブに移籍するようになった。より高いレベルの技を要求される中で、選手はもまれ、さらに力を付ける。こうした流れが、日本サッカー全体の底上げにつながったと言える。
Players belonging to foreign clubs have become a majority on the national team. Among them, Keisuke Honda, Makoto Hasebe and Yuto Nagatomo--who spearheaded the team’s advance to the Round of 16 of the last World Cup--now lead the team.
現在の代表チームを見ても、海外組が多数を占める。中でも、本田圭佑、長谷部誠、長友佑都選手ら、前回Ｗ杯でベスト１６入りの原動力となったメンバーが、今回もチームを引っ張っている。
Honda, who slotted the penalty kick that leveled the score against Australia on Tuesday night, displayed outstanding mental strength. Shinji Kagawa, who was not selected for the national team in the last World Cup, has developed into a core member.
豪州戦で同点のＰＫを決めた本田選手の精神力は見事だった。
前回は代表メンバーから漏れた香川真司選手は今や、日本代表の中核にまで成長した。
Fancy footsteps to follow in
Nadeshiko Japan, the women’s national soccer team, became World Cup champions two years ago. The achievement, which stirred up the entire nation, must have served as an impetus for the men’s squad.
女子の日本代表（なでしこジャパン）は２年前にＷ杯を制した。国中が沸き立ったあの快挙は、男子選手にとっても大きな刺激となったはずだ。
Japan’s defense and organizational skills proved to be sufficient in the last World Cup. The challenge for now is scoring. We hope the Japanese side will be strong enough to miss no scoring opportunities.
日本代表の守備力、組織力は、前回Ｗ杯でも十分に通用した。課題はやはり、得点力だろう。本大会までに、チャンスを逃さずものにする力を蓄えてほしい。
If each player does what is required of him, it is not unthinkable that Japan could reach the quarterfinals for the first time in the World Cup next year.
選手一人一人が、自らの役割を確実に果たせば、Ｗ杯で初のベスト８入りが見えてくる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 5, 2013)
（2013年6月5日01時26分 読売新聞）
Expectations high for men's soccer team after clinching World Cup berth
Ｗ杯出場決定 いざブラジルへ高まる期待（6月5日付・読売社説）
It is great to see Japan’s national soccer team secure a World Cup berth for the fifth consecutive time. We are looking forward to seeing how the national team players will fare in the big event one year from now.
５大会連続でのワールドカップ（Ｗ杯）出場を喜びたい。
１年後の大舞台で選手たちは、どのようなプレーを見せてくれるのか。今から楽しみだ。
It was the first time ever for Japan to secure a World Cup berth in a home game. The elated team members shared their jubilance with more than 60,000 cheering spectators at a packed Saitama Stadium. It was a moving scene that could only be seen at a home game.
Japan tied with Australia 1-1 on Tuesday in the final round of World Cup qualifiers, winning a ticket to the 2014 World Cup in Brazil.
サッカーの２０１４年Ｗ杯ブラジル大会アジア最終予選で、日本はオーストラリアと引き分け、本大会出場の切符を手にした。
国内で行われた試合でＷ杯出場を決めたのは、今回が初めてだ。埼玉スタジアムを埋めた６万人以上のサポーターと選手は、喜びを分かち合った。ホームゲームならではの感動的な光景だった。
Japanese first qualified for the World Cup in 1998 held in France--a feat the team had been struggling to accomplish for many years.
日本代表がＷ杯初出場を果たしたのは、１９９８年のフランス大会だ。日本サッカー界の長年の悲願だった。
Since then, Japan has won a berth in the finals for Germany 2006, South Africa 2010 and Brazil 2014. It qualified automatically for the 2002 event because it was one of that year’s two cohosts, along with South Korea.
以来、開催国として予選が免除された２００２年の日韓大会を除き、０６年ドイツ大会、１０年南アフリカ大会、そして、今回もアジア予選を見事に勝ち上がった。
J.League serves as springboard
This means the squad has maintained its top-tier status in Asia, which can be attributed to the team’s expanded player depth and smooth introduction of younger, up-and-coming players.
日本代表は、アジアの中でトップクラスの実力を維持し続けているということだ。選手層に厚みが増し、世代交代が比較的、順調に進んだ結果でもあるだろう。
A springboard for Japan’s national team has been J.League, which marked the 20th anniversary of its inception this year. J.League players have intensely competed for their survival in the glamorous but highly competitive professional league.
日本のサッカーが躍進する土台となったのは、今年で発足２０年を迎えたＪリーグだ。華やかながらも、競争の激しいプロリーグで、選手たちは生き残りをかけ、しのぎを削ってきた。
An increasing number of successful J.League players have opted to play for teams overseas, which has helped them develop their agility, techniques and other qualities in demanding environments. Such a trend has surely raised Japan’s level of soccer.
Ｊリーグで実績を残した選手は、海外のクラブに移籍するようになった。より高いレベルの技を要求される中で、選手はもまれ、さらに力を付ける。こうした流れが、日本サッカー全体の底上げにつながったと言える。
Players belonging to foreign clubs have become a majority on the national team. Among them, Keisuke Honda, Makoto Hasebe and Yuto Nagatomo--who spearheaded the team’s advance to the Round of 16 of the last World Cup--now lead the team.
現在の代表チームを見ても、海外組が多数を占める。中でも、本田圭佑、長谷部誠、長友佑都選手ら、前回Ｗ杯でベスト１６入りの原動力となったメンバーが、今回もチームを引っ張っている。
Honda, who slotted the penalty kick that leveled the score against Australia on Tuesday night, displayed outstanding mental strength. Shinji Kagawa, who was not selected for the national team in the last World Cup, has developed into a core member.
豪州戦で同点のＰＫを決めた本田選手の精神力は見事だった。
前回は代表メンバーから漏れた香川真司選手は今や、日本代表の中核にまで成長した。
Fancy footsteps to follow in
Nadeshiko Japan, the women’s national soccer team, became World Cup champions two years ago. The achievement, which stirred up the entire nation, must have served as an impetus for the men’s squad.
女子の日本代表（なでしこジャパン）は２年前にＷ杯を制した。国中が沸き立ったあの快挙は、男子選手にとっても大きな刺激となったはずだ。
Japan’s defense and organizational skills proved to be sufficient in the last World Cup. The challenge for now is scoring. We hope the Japanese side will be strong enough to miss no scoring opportunities.
日本代表の守備力、組織力は、前回Ｗ杯でも十分に通用した。課題はやはり、得点力だろう。本大会までに、チャンスを逃さずものにする力を蓄えてほしい。
If each player does what is required of him, it is not unthinkable that Japan could reach the quarterfinals for the first time in the World Cup next year.
選手一人一人が、自らの役割を確実に果たせば、Ｗ杯で初のベスト８入りが見えてくる。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 5, 2013)
（2013年6月5日01時26分 読売新聞）
2013年06月06日
効果的な英語学習のコツ
英語学習は奥が深いものです。
英検1級、TOEIC満点を獲得された方々でも、その時点から本当の英語学習が始まると考えられています。
英語学習は初心者、中級者、上級者を含めて、大切なのは学習意欲をそそるインセンティブなんです。
「myBerryEnglish」という英語学習サイトに遭遇いたしました。
無料登録ですぐに英語学習が開始出来ます。
サイトの中で私が気に入ったのは英語上達パッケージ StudyLife です。
刺激的な学習素材を使って効果的な学習が出来るのです。
英語学習では学習素材が命です。
それは新鮮であり刺激的でなければなりません。
人間の記憶のメカニズムはそういったものなんです。
サイトで様々な話題を定期的に学習したら、仕上げとして理解度確認問題だって用意されています。至れり尽くせりですね。
レビューブログからの情報です
限定正社員 制度導入への課題はなお多い
The Yomiuri Shimbun June 5, 2013
Not so fast on introduction of 'limited regular employees'
限定正社員 制度導入への課題はなお多い（6月4日付・読売社説）
Will it be a step toward expanding employment and better allocating human resources to growth areas?
雇用を拡大し、成長分野に人材を振り向ける一助になるだろうか。
The government’s Regulatory Reform Council is set to propose that so-called “gentei sei-shain” (limited regular corporate employees) be systemized as part of the nation’s growth strategies.
政府の規制改革会議は成長戦略の一環として、「限定正社員」の制度化を答申する方針だ。
These employees would be limited in the types of duties they could perform, work locations and working hours. Just like full-fledged regular employees, workers holding this position would be covered by corporate welfare benefit programs and would not be subject to a set period of employment. These workers also are called “job-based” regular employees, which are common in the United States and Europe.
限定正社員は、職務や勤務地、労働時間が限定されている。正社員と同様、福利厚生が受けられ、雇用期間にも定めがない。「ジョブ型正社員」とも言われ、欧米では一般的である。
Although limited regular employees would be paid less than regular workers, their job status is considered more stable than that of nonregular employees. This category is expected to enable workers, who spend a considerable amount of time on child-rearing and nursing care, to choose a way to work that better fits their wishes.
正社員より賃金は低いが、非正規社員に比べると、身分は安定していると言える。子育てや介護を抱える人は、自分の希望にあった働き方を選択できる。
Firms would also benefit
Many companies have introduced similar systems. But employment rules for such workers have not necessarily been established yet.
こうした雇用形態を採用している企業は多いが、必ずしも雇用ルールは確立されていない。
Institutionalizing limited regular workers is expected to bring nonregular employees, who now account for 35 percent of Japan’s workforce, a step closer to regular workers. The growing number of nonregular employees, whose salary is low and who can easily be shown the door during corporate restructuring, is considered a factor behind the nation’s sluggish consumption.
限定正社員を制度化することで期待されるのは、雇用者全体の３５％に膨らんだ非正規雇用が正規雇用に近づく一歩となることだ。給料が低く、リストラの対象にされやすい非正規雇用の増大は、消費低迷の要因とされている。
If work duties are limited to certain areas, employees’ specialized fields would be clarified. Some could utilize the system to build their careers, and it could be an advantage if they change jobs.
職務が限定されれば、従業員の仕事の専門性が明確になる。人によってはキャリアを積むことができ、転職の際に強みになろう。
Furthermore, if the system of limited regular employees takes root, it would benefit companies. When companies shut down some outlets or abolish certain job categories whose objectives have been completed, they could dismiss those employees more easily than regular workers, whose employment would be protected through such steps as transfers to different departments.
一方、限定正社員制度が定着した場合、企業側にもメリットがある。役割を終えた事業所の閉鎖や職種の廃止に踏み切る際に、配置転換などで雇用が保護される正社員とは違って解雇しやすい。
The envisaged system would remedy the current situation in which unprofitable divisions groan under an excess of workers.
不採算部門に余剰人員を抱え込む現状の改善につながる。
But many challenges remain before the new position can be institutionalized. The Japanese Trade Union Confederation (Rengo) has taken umbrage with the fact that the limited regular employee system is being studied to ease rules covering worker dismissal. The labor organization has voiced opposition, saying that companies could fire employees just for their own convenience when factories or offices are shuttered. It denounced the system as “a liberalization of policies on firing workers.”
だが、制度化への課題は多い。連合は、限定正社員が解雇規制の緩和という側面で検討されたことを問題視し、「工場や事業所の閉鎖に伴い、企業が勝手に社員を解雇できる」「首切りへの自由化策だ」と反発している。
Clear rules needed
Many companies are worried about the increasing risk of facing a lawsuit over staff dismissals.
企業にとっては、解雇を巡る訴訟リスクの増加も懸念材料だ。
The Regulatory Reform Council is calling on the government to establish clear rules on such matters as in what cases companies could dismiss limited regular employees.
規制改革会議は、どのような場合に解雇できるか、といったルール作りについて、政府に結論を出すことを求めている。
We think the envisaged system should not be allowed to facilitate easy restructuring, which would rather destabilize the employment situation.
安易なリストラを助長し、かえって雇用の不安定化を招くような事態は避けるべきである。
How can shifting labor from structurally depressed industries to growth industries be promoted without increasing unemployment? Crafting a highly fluid labor market is essential for the revival of the nation’s economy.
失業を増やさずに、構造不況業種から成長産業へ、いかに労働力の移動を図るか。流動性の高い労働市場を形成することが、日本経済の再生には欠かせない。
To help laid-off workers find new careers, the government and companies also need to strengthen job placement and training services.
従業員が解雇された際の再就職を支援するため、政府や企業は就職先のあっせんや職業訓練にも力を入れる必要があろう。
We hope discussions will deepen from broad viewpoints, not only regarding employment but also including economic growth and the international competitiveness of Japan’s industries.
雇用だけでなく、経済成長や産業の国際競争力など幅広い観点から議論を深めてもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 4, 2013)
（2013年6月4日01時12分 読売新聞）
Not so fast on introduction of 'limited regular employees'
限定正社員 制度導入への課題はなお多い（6月4日付・読売社説）
Will it be a step toward expanding employment and better allocating human resources to growth areas?
雇用を拡大し、成長分野に人材を振り向ける一助になるだろうか。
The government’s Regulatory Reform Council is set to propose that so-called “gentei sei-shain” (limited regular corporate employees) be systemized as part of the nation’s growth strategies.
政府の規制改革会議は成長戦略の一環として、「限定正社員」の制度化を答申する方針だ。
These employees would be limited in the types of duties they could perform, work locations and working hours. Just like full-fledged regular employees, workers holding this position would be covered by corporate welfare benefit programs and would not be subject to a set period of employment. These workers also are called “job-based” regular employees, which are common in the United States and Europe.
限定正社員は、職務や勤務地、労働時間が限定されている。正社員と同様、福利厚生が受けられ、雇用期間にも定めがない。「ジョブ型正社員」とも言われ、欧米では一般的である。
Although limited regular employees would be paid less than regular workers, their job status is considered more stable than that of nonregular employees. This category is expected to enable workers, who spend a considerable amount of time on child-rearing and nursing care, to choose a way to work that better fits their wishes.
正社員より賃金は低いが、非正規社員に比べると、身分は安定していると言える。子育てや介護を抱える人は、自分の希望にあった働き方を選択できる。
Firms would also benefit
Many companies have introduced similar systems. But employment rules for such workers have not necessarily been established yet.
こうした雇用形態を採用している企業は多いが、必ずしも雇用ルールは確立されていない。
Institutionalizing limited regular workers is expected to bring nonregular employees, who now account for 35 percent of Japan’s workforce, a step closer to regular workers. The growing number of nonregular employees, whose salary is low and who can easily be shown the door during corporate restructuring, is considered a factor behind the nation’s sluggish consumption.
限定正社員を制度化することで期待されるのは、雇用者全体の３５％に膨らんだ非正規雇用が正規雇用に近づく一歩となることだ。給料が低く、リストラの対象にされやすい非正規雇用の増大は、消費低迷の要因とされている。
If work duties are limited to certain areas, employees’ specialized fields would be clarified. Some could utilize the system to build their careers, and it could be an advantage if they change jobs.
職務が限定されれば、従業員の仕事の専門性が明確になる。人によってはキャリアを積むことができ、転職の際に強みになろう。
Furthermore, if the system of limited regular employees takes root, it would benefit companies. When companies shut down some outlets or abolish certain job categories whose objectives have been completed, they could dismiss those employees more easily than regular workers, whose employment would be protected through such steps as transfers to different departments.
一方、限定正社員制度が定着した場合、企業側にもメリットがある。役割を終えた事業所の閉鎖や職種の廃止に踏み切る際に、配置転換などで雇用が保護される正社員とは違って解雇しやすい。
The envisaged system would remedy the current situation in which unprofitable divisions groan under an excess of workers.
不採算部門に余剰人員を抱え込む現状の改善につながる。
But many challenges remain before the new position can be institutionalized. The Japanese Trade Union Confederation (Rengo) has taken umbrage with the fact that the limited regular employee system is being studied to ease rules covering worker dismissal. The labor organization has voiced opposition, saying that companies could fire employees just for their own convenience when factories or offices are shuttered. It denounced the system as “a liberalization of policies on firing workers.”
だが、制度化への課題は多い。連合は、限定正社員が解雇規制の緩和という側面で検討されたことを問題視し、「工場や事業所の閉鎖に伴い、企業が勝手に社員を解雇できる」「首切りへの自由化策だ」と反発している。
Clear rules needed
Many companies are worried about the increasing risk of facing a lawsuit over staff dismissals.
企業にとっては、解雇を巡る訴訟リスクの増加も懸念材料だ。
The Regulatory Reform Council is calling on the government to establish clear rules on such matters as in what cases companies could dismiss limited regular employees.
規制改革会議は、どのような場合に解雇できるか、といったルール作りについて、政府に結論を出すことを求めている。
We think the envisaged system should not be allowed to facilitate easy restructuring, which would rather destabilize the employment situation.
安易なリストラを助長し、かえって雇用の不安定化を招くような事態は避けるべきである。
How can shifting labor from structurally depressed industries to growth industries be promoted without increasing unemployment? Crafting a highly fluid labor market is essential for the revival of the nation’s economy.
失業を増やさずに、構造不況業種から成長産業へ、いかに労働力の移動を図るか。流動性の高い労働市場を形成することが、日本経済の再生には欠かせない。
To help laid-off workers find new careers, the government and companies also need to strengthen job placement and training services.
従業員が解雇された際の再就職を支援するため、政府や企業は就職先のあっせんや職業訓練にも力を入れる必要があろう。
We hope discussions will deepen from broad viewpoints, not only regarding employment but also including economic growth and the international competitiveness of Japan’s industries.
雇用だけでなく、経済成長や産業の国際競争力など幅広い観点から議論を深めてもらいたい。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 4, 2013)
（2013年6月4日01時12分 読売新聞）