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2010年07月05日
安保・憲法 脅威を直視して議論を深めよ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Jul. 5, 2010)
Deepen talks on security, constitutional revision
安保・憲法 脅威を直視して議論を深めよ（7月4日付・読売社説）
Japan is surrounded by security concerns including North Korea's nuclear missile development and its sinking of a South Korean naval patrol ship, China's military buildup, friction with neighboring countries and the threat of international terrorism.
北朝鮮による核ミサイル開発や韓国哨戒艦の沈没事件、中国の軍備増強や周辺国との摩擦、国際テロの脅威――。
Each political party must squarely face these situations and use the opportunity of the House of Councillors election to deepen discussions about the future of our country's security.
こうした日本を取り巻く状況を直視すれば、各政党は参院選を機に、我が国の安全保障のあり方について、もっと議論を深める必要がある。
In its manifesto for the upper house poll, the Democratic Party of Japan has touted its intention to continue Japan's antipiracy activities and draw up, within this year, National Defense Program Guidelines and a midterm defense buildup program based on the international situation.
民主党は参院選公約に、海賊対処活動の継続や、国際情勢を踏まえた防衛計画の大綱と中期防衛力整備計画の年内策定を掲げた。
Each of these tasks must be performed as a matter of course. However, the manifesto of the DPJ is not entirely satisfactory, as it is the party in power and responsible for the country's security. The DPJ should at least present the general direction--specifically, what kind of National Defense Program Guidelines it will pursue.
いずれも当然のことだが、日本の安全保障に責任を持つ政権党の公約としては物足りない。最低でもどんな防衛大綱を目指すのか、その方向性を示すべきだろう。
===
DPJ election vows too abstract
The DPJ has mentioned its intention to review the five principles governing Japan's participation in peacekeeping operations, saying it "will discuss future international contributions of the Self-Defense Forces and civilians." However, the expression is abstract, making it difficult to understand what the party specifically means.
「自衛隊および文民の国際貢献活動のあり方について検討する」として、国連平和維持活動（ＰＫＯ）参加５原則の見直しを視野に入れているというが、抽象的な表現のため、分かりづらい。
The Liberal Democratic Party's campaign pledges on national security policy go substantially deeper, stipulating for example the resumption of the Maritime Self-Defense Force's refueling mission in the Indian Ocean. They also promise the establishment of a basic law on national security that would include a review of the government's interpretation of the Constitution concerning the right of collective self-defense, and the establishment of a permanent law on the dispatch of the Self-Defense Forces overseas.
自民党の公約は、インド洋での給油活動の再開、集団的自衛権の憲法解釈見直しを含む安全保障基本法や、自衛隊の海外派遣に関する恒久法の制定を明記するなど、相当踏み込んだ内容となった。
The direction in which the LDP is heading--strengthening the Japan-U.S. alliance and steadily fulfilling Japan's obligations as a member of international society--is correct.
日米同盟を強化し、日本が国際社会の一員としての責務を着実に果たすという方向性は正しい。
However, it must be asked: Why did the LDP never actively work to develop the legislation when it was a ruling party? The LDP will not be able to gain the people's support if, as an opposition party, it so easily incorporates such items in its manifesto.
だが、なぜ与党時代にこれらの法整備に積極的に取り組まなかったのか。野党の立場で気楽に公約に盛り込んだのだとしたら、国民の支持は得られまい。
New Komeito's platform meshes international pacifism with action, while the People's New Party is calling for strengthening the nation's autonomous defense capability.
公明党は「行動する国際平和主義」を訴え、国民新党は自主防衛力の強化を主張している。
It is desirable that the ruling and opposition parties should have a common understanding of national security policy. We hope all the parties will engage in a more active debate on these matters.
安全保障政策は本来、与野党の垣根を越えて、共通認識を形成することが望ましい。もっと活発な論議を期待したい。
===
Charter reform top LDP priority
Meanwhile, it is indispensible that national security policy be debated against the backdrop of constitutional revision.
安全保障を論じる際に欠かせないのが、憲法改正の視点だ。
It is worth noting the LDP gave top priority in its manifesto to activating the Deliberative Council on the Constitution in each chamber of the Diet to work, as well as submitting draft constitutional revisions to the legislature.
自民党が公約のトップに、衆参両院の憲法審査会の始動と、「憲法改正原案」の国会提出を据えたのは、注目すべきことだ。
The PNP, the Sunrise Party of Japan and the New Renaissance Party also are favorably disposed toward revising the Constitution. New Komeito's campaign platform called for adding new clauses to the Constitution while maintaining the charter's existing provisions. The Japanese Communist Party and Social Democratic Party oppose any constitutional amendment.
国民新党やたちあがれ日本、新党改革も憲法改正に前向きだ。公明党は、現在の条項を維持したうえで新たな条項を追加する「加憲」を掲げている。共産、社民両党は憲法改正に反対の立場だ。
What we wonder is why the DPJ, which holds the reins of government, mentioned nothing about constitutional issues. In its manifesto for last year's House of Representatives election, the DPJ stipulated it would cautiously and positively discuss constitutional revisions, which is nonsensical. It can only be said the DPJ has backed away further from tackling the issue ahead of the impending upper house poll.
疑問なのは、政権を担う民主党が公約で、憲法問題に何も言及していないことだ。昨年の政権公約も「慎重かつ積極的に検討」と意味不明だったが、さらに後退したと言わざるを得ない。
The DPJ's attitude, in which it avoids debate on the Constitution, is all the more irresponsible given that the National Referendum Law, which clarifies the procedures for implementing a special plebiscite to revise the Constitution, came into effect in May.
憲法改正の手続きを定めた国民投票法が今年５月に施行されたのに、憲法論議を回避する姿勢はあまりに無責任だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 4, 2010)
（2010年7月4日01時19分 読売新聞）
Deepen talks on security, constitutional revision
安保・憲法 脅威を直視して議論を深めよ（7月4日付・読売社説）
Japan is surrounded by security concerns including North Korea's nuclear missile development and its sinking of a South Korean naval patrol ship, China's military buildup, friction with neighboring countries and the threat of international terrorism.
北朝鮮による核ミサイル開発や韓国哨戒艦の沈没事件、中国の軍備増強や周辺国との摩擦、国際テロの脅威――。
Each political party must squarely face these situations and use the opportunity of the House of Councillors election to deepen discussions about the future of our country's security.
こうした日本を取り巻く状況を直視すれば、各政党は参院選を機に、我が国の安全保障のあり方について、もっと議論を深める必要がある。
In its manifesto for the upper house poll, the Democratic Party of Japan has touted its intention to continue Japan's antipiracy activities and draw up, within this year, National Defense Program Guidelines and a midterm defense buildup program based on the international situation.
民主党は参院選公約に、海賊対処活動の継続や、国際情勢を踏まえた防衛計画の大綱と中期防衛力整備計画の年内策定を掲げた。
Each of these tasks must be performed as a matter of course. However, the manifesto of the DPJ is not entirely satisfactory, as it is the party in power and responsible for the country's security. The DPJ should at least present the general direction--specifically, what kind of National Defense Program Guidelines it will pursue.
いずれも当然のことだが、日本の安全保障に責任を持つ政権党の公約としては物足りない。最低でもどんな防衛大綱を目指すのか、その方向性を示すべきだろう。
===
DPJ election vows too abstract
The DPJ has mentioned its intention to review the five principles governing Japan's participation in peacekeeping operations, saying it "will discuss future international contributions of the Self-Defense Forces and civilians." However, the expression is abstract, making it difficult to understand what the party specifically means.
「自衛隊および文民の国際貢献活動のあり方について検討する」として、国連平和維持活動（ＰＫＯ）参加５原則の見直しを視野に入れているというが、抽象的な表現のため、分かりづらい。
The Liberal Democratic Party's campaign pledges on national security policy go substantially deeper, stipulating for example the resumption of the Maritime Self-Defense Force's refueling mission in the Indian Ocean. They also promise the establishment of a basic law on national security that would include a review of the government's interpretation of the Constitution concerning the right of collective self-defense, and the establishment of a permanent law on the dispatch of the Self-Defense Forces overseas.
自民党の公約は、インド洋での給油活動の再開、集団的自衛権の憲法解釈見直しを含む安全保障基本法や、自衛隊の海外派遣に関する恒久法の制定を明記するなど、相当踏み込んだ内容となった。
The direction in which the LDP is heading--strengthening the Japan-U.S. alliance and steadily fulfilling Japan's obligations as a member of international society--is correct.
日米同盟を強化し、日本が国際社会の一員としての責務を着実に果たすという方向性は正しい。
However, it must be asked: Why did the LDP never actively work to develop the legislation when it was a ruling party? The LDP will not be able to gain the people's support if, as an opposition party, it so easily incorporates such items in its manifesto.
だが、なぜ与党時代にこれらの法整備に積極的に取り組まなかったのか。野党の立場で気楽に公約に盛り込んだのだとしたら、国民の支持は得られまい。
New Komeito's platform meshes international pacifism with action, while the People's New Party is calling for strengthening the nation's autonomous defense capability.
公明党は「行動する国際平和主義」を訴え、国民新党は自主防衛力の強化を主張している。
It is desirable that the ruling and opposition parties should have a common understanding of national security policy. We hope all the parties will engage in a more active debate on these matters.
安全保障政策は本来、与野党の垣根を越えて、共通認識を形成することが望ましい。もっと活発な論議を期待したい。
===
Charter reform top LDP priority
Meanwhile, it is indispensible that national security policy be debated against the backdrop of constitutional revision.
安全保障を論じる際に欠かせないのが、憲法改正の視点だ。
It is worth noting the LDP gave top priority in its manifesto to activating the Deliberative Council on the Constitution in each chamber of the Diet to work, as well as submitting draft constitutional revisions to the legislature.
自民党が公約のトップに、衆参両院の憲法審査会の始動と、「憲法改正原案」の国会提出を据えたのは、注目すべきことだ。
The PNP, the Sunrise Party of Japan and the New Renaissance Party also are favorably disposed toward revising the Constitution. New Komeito's campaign platform called for adding new clauses to the Constitution while maintaining the charter's existing provisions. The Japanese Communist Party and Social Democratic Party oppose any constitutional amendment.
国民新党やたちあがれ日本、新党改革も憲法改正に前向きだ。公明党は、現在の条項を維持したうえで新たな条項を追加する「加憲」を掲げている。共産、社民両党は憲法改正に反対の立場だ。
What we wonder is why the DPJ, which holds the reins of government, mentioned nothing about constitutional issues. In its manifesto for last year's House of Representatives election, the DPJ stipulated it would cautiously and positively discuss constitutional revisions, which is nonsensical. It can only be said the DPJ has backed away further from tackling the issue ahead of the impending upper house poll.
疑問なのは、政権を担う民主党が公約で、憲法問題に何も言及していないことだ。昨年の政権公約も「慎重かつ積極的に検討」と意味不明だったが、さらに後退したと言わざるを得ない。
The DPJ's attitude, in which it avoids debate on the Constitution, is all the more irresponsible given that the National Referendum Law, which clarifies the procedures for implementing a special plebiscite to revise the Constitution, came into effect in May.
憲法改正の手続きを定めた国民投票法が今年５月に施行されたのに、憲法論議を回避する姿勢はあまりに無責任だ。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 4, 2010)
（2010年7月4日01時19分 読売新聞）
2010年07月04日
消費税引き上げ 首相発言には一貫性が必要だ
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Jul. 4, 2010)
Kan's consumption tax remarks lack consistency
消費税引き上げ 首相発言には一貫性が必要だ（7月3日付・読売社説）
Prime Minister Naoto Kan's remarks on a possible hike in the consumption tax rate have been inconsistent, and some in the Democratic Party of Japan have openly criticized his wavering stance.
消費税増税をめぐる菅首相の発言が、揺れ動いている。民主党内からは首相の方針を公然と批判する声もある。
This is bound to leave voters confused. The prime minister and the DPJ should clarify the party's views on the consumption tax and present them to the public.
これでは有権者は戸惑ってしまう。首相と民主党は、消費税に関する党の見解をしっかりと整理し、国民に示すべきである。
The prime minister initially said that considering raising the consumption tax rate to 10 percent was a campaign pledge. Later, however, Kan changed his stance, saying the pledge only went as far as calling for suprapartisan discussions on the issue.
首相は当初、「１０％」への消費税率引き上げ検討を「公約」と明言していた。その後、公約は「超党派協議を呼びかけるところまで」と軌道修正した。
Because a consumption tax is regressive by nature, the prime minister also proposed the introduction of a refund system for people with low incomes, as they bear a heavier burden than higher earners in terms of the tax-to-income ratio.
消費税増税によって低所得者の負担が過重になるとされる逆進性の問題への対策として、還付制度の導入も表明した。
===
Who gets tax relief?
But regarding the income levels of households to be eligible for such a refund system, the prime minister has been inconsistent, referring to levels as low as 2 million yen and as high as 4 million yen.
だが、対象世帯の所得水準について、首相の発言は、年収２００万円から４００万円の幅でくるくる変わった。
Households with an annual income of less than 4 million yen account for nearly half of the national total. If refunds are given to such a wide range of taxpayers, the intended revenue boost from a tax hike would be lost. It also would undermine the fair distribution of tax burdens.
年収４００万円未満の世帯は全世帯の半数近くに達する。そんな広い範囲で還付を実施すれば、税収増の効果が失われるうえ、税負担の公平性も損なわれる。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshito Sengoku said Kan was simply offering a basis for discussions on the issue. But we consider the prime minister's words to have grave importance. It is detrimental if the prime minister carelessly refers to figures that are not backed up by sufficient discussion.
仙谷官房長官は「議論の材料」を提供しただけと説明するが、首相の発言は重い。十分な議論の裏付けもないまま、腰だめの数字を軽々に口にされても困る。
In the first place, Kan has yet to present a clear overall vision for tax system reform. He must clarify such basic matters as why the consumption tax rate should be raised from the current 5 percent to 10 percent and for what purpose the increased tax revenues would be used.
そもそも首相は、税制改革全体のビジョンをいまだに明らかにしていない。なぜ、１０％なのか。増収分は何に使うのか。そんな基本的なこともはっきりしない。
Critics in opposition parties have said that the DPJ's handout programs, if continued, would eat up the new revenue. Kan needs to provide a clear response on this point, too.
野党は、民主党のバラマキ政策が維持されれば、そちらに増収分が回ると批判している。これにもしっかり答える必要がある。
===
DPJ must put house in order
The discord seen within the DPJ is an even more serious problem that cannot be overlooked.
さらに見過ごせないのが、民主党内の不協和音だ。
Former DPJ Secretary General Ichiro Ozawa has openly criticized the stance of current party executives, saying: "[The party] pledged not to raise the consumption tax rate for four years during the House of Representatives election last year. That pledge should be kept."
小沢一郎・前幹事長は「昨年の衆院選で、４年間は消費税は上げないと言ってきた。約束はやり遂げるべきだ」などと、執行部の方針を真っ向から批判している。
As the party in power, the DPJ must not leave intraparty discord unresolved regarding tax and fiscal issues that concern the very foundation of the nation.
政権党として、国の根幹にかかわる税財政問題での党内不一致を放置してはなるまい。
A hike in the consumption tax rate is an issue that successive administrations have avoided tackling. More than a few voters praised Kan when he put a tax increase on the table out of concern about social security revenues and worsening fiscal conditions, and asked the public to share the burden.
消費税増税は、歴代政権が避けてきたテーマだ。社会保障財源の確保と財政悪化への危機感から、首相が増税に言及し、国民に負担の分かち合いを求めたことを評価する有権者は、少なくない。
But if such a prime minister begins to equivocate, questions could be raised about how resolute he is in seeking to raise the consumption tax rate.
その肝心の首相が、発言をぐらつかせては、消費税率引き上げを目指す首相の決意に疑問符がつきかねない。
In the House of Councillors election in 1998, then Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto flip-flopped on the issue of permanent tax cuts. That triggered voters' distrust and led the Liberal Democratic Party to a humiliating defeat.
１９９８年の参院選で、当時の橋本首相が、恒久減税に関する発言を二転三転させ、それが有権者の不信を招いて、自民党惨敗につながった例もある。
A prime minister must be consistent in his or her remarks.
首相に求められるのは、発言の一貫性である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 3, 2010)
（2010年7月3日01時09分 読売新聞）
Kan's consumption tax remarks lack consistency
消費税引き上げ 首相発言には一貫性が必要だ（7月3日付・読売社説）
Prime Minister Naoto Kan's remarks on a possible hike in the consumption tax rate have been inconsistent, and some in the Democratic Party of Japan have openly criticized his wavering stance.
消費税増税をめぐる菅首相の発言が、揺れ動いている。民主党内からは首相の方針を公然と批判する声もある。
This is bound to leave voters confused. The prime minister and the DPJ should clarify the party's views on the consumption tax and present them to the public.
これでは有権者は戸惑ってしまう。首相と民主党は、消費税に関する党の見解をしっかりと整理し、国民に示すべきである。
The prime minister initially said that considering raising the consumption tax rate to 10 percent was a campaign pledge. Later, however, Kan changed his stance, saying the pledge only went as far as calling for suprapartisan discussions on the issue.
首相は当初、「１０％」への消費税率引き上げ検討を「公約」と明言していた。その後、公約は「超党派協議を呼びかけるところまで」と軌道修正した。
Because a consumption tax is regressive by nature, the prime minister also proposed the introduction of a refund system for people with low incomes, as they bear a heavier burden than higher earners in terms of the tax-to-income ratio.
消費税増税によって低所得者の負担が過重になるとされる逆進性の問題への対策として、還付制度の導入も表明した。
===
Who gets tax relief?
But regarding the income levels of households to be eligible for such a refund system, the prime minister has been inconsistent, referring to levels as low as 2 million yen and as high as 4 million yen.
だが、対象世帯の所得水準について、首相の発言は、年収２００万円から４００万円の幅でくるくる変わった。
Households with an annual income of less than 4 million yen account for nearly half of the national total. If refunds are given to such a wide range of taxpayers, the intended revenue boost from a tax hike would be lost. It also would undermine the fair distribution of tax burdens.
年収４００万円未満の世帯は全世帯の半数近くに達する。そんな広い範囲で還付を実施すれば、税収増の効果が失われるうえ、税負担の公平性も損なわれる。
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshito Sengoku said Kan was simply offering a basis for discussions on the issue. But we consider the prime minister's words to have grave importance. It is detrimental if the prime minister carelessly refers to figures that are not backed up by sufficient discussion.
仙谷官房長官は「議論の材料」を提供しただけと説明するが、首相の発言は重い。十分な議論の裏付けもないまま、腰だめの数字を軽々に口にされても困る。
In the first place, Kan has yet to present a clear overall vision for tax system reform. He must clarify such basic matters as why the consumption tax rate should be raised from the current 5 percent to 10 percent and for what purpose the increased tax revenues would be used.
そもそも首相は、税制改革全体のビジョンをいまだに明らかにしていない。なぜ、１０％なのか。増収分は何に使うのか。そんな基本的なこともはっきりしない。
Critics in opposition parties have said that the DPJ's handout programs, if continued, would eat up the new revenue. Kan needs to provide a clear response on this point, too.
野党は、民主党のバラマキ政策が維持されれば、そちらに増収分が回ると批判している。これにもしっかり答える必要がある。
===
DPJ must put house in order
The discord seen within the DPJ is an even more serious problem that cannot be overlooked.
さらに見過ごせないのが、民主党内の不協和音だ。
Former DPJ Secretary General Ichiro Ozawa has openly criticized the stance of current party executives, saying: "[The party] pledged not to raise the consumption tax rate for four years during the House of Representatives election last year. That pledge should be kept."
小沢一郎・前幹事長は「昨年の衆院選で、４年間は消費税は上げないと言ってきた。約束はやり遂げるべきだ」などと、執行部の方針を真っ向から批判している。
As the party in power, the DPJ must not leave intraparty discord unresolved regarding tax and fiscal issues that concern the very foundation of the nation.
政権党として、国の根幹にかかわる税財政問題での党内不一致を放置してはなるまい。
A hike in the consumption tax rate is an issue that successive administrations have avoided tackling. More than a few voters praised Kan when he put a tax increase on the table out of concern about social security revenues and worsening fiscal conditions, and asked the public to share the burden.
消費税増税は、歴代政権が避けてきたテーマだ。社会保障財源の確保と財政悪化への危機感から、首相が増税に言及し、国民に負担の分かち合いを求めたことを評価する有権者は、少なくない。
But if such a prime minister begins to equivocate, questions could be raised about how resolute he is in seeking to raise the consumption tax rate.
その肝心の首相が、発言をぐらつかせては、消費税率引き上げを目指す首相の決意に疑問符がつきかねない。
In the House of Councillors election in 1998, then Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto flip-flopped on the issue of permanent tax cuts. That triggered voters' distrust and led the Liberal Democratic Party to a humiliating defeat.
１９９８年の参院選で、当時の橋本首相が、恒久減税に関する発言を二転三転させ、それが有権者の不信を招いて、自民党惨敗につながった例もある。
A prime minister must be consistent in his or her remarks.
首相に求められるのは、発言の一貫性である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 3, 2010)
（2010年7月3日01時09分 読売新聞）
2010年07月03日
景況感プラス 円高・株安への警戒を怠るな
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Jul. 3, 2010)
Stay vigilant against yen's rise, stock falls
景況感プラス 円高・株安への警戒を怠るな（7月2日付・読売社説）
Although corporate sentiment about business conditions seems to be improving, evidence the economy has regained its vigor remains sketchy at best.
企業の景気認識は改善しているようだが、日本経済が元気になったという手応えがない。
Stock prices have tumbled, the yen has appreciated again, and the nation is still unable to shake off deflation.
デフレから脱出できないまま、再び株価下落や円高が進んでいるからだ。
The campaign for the July 11 House of Councillors election is well under way. Each party has pledged to attain high economic growth.
参院選で各党は、高成長の実現を公約に掲げている。
However, rather than competing over who can set the highest target, the parties should focus more on how realistic their measures for achieving these goals are.
だが、競うべきなのは、目標の高さではなく達成への具体策だ。
The first task for the government after the election is to put the economy on track for a full recovery. We hope political parties will engage in reasoned debate on this issue.
それにはまず景気を本格回復させることが先決である。説得力のある経済論議を展開してほしい。
The Bank of Japan announced Thursday its Tankan short-term economic survey of enterprises for June. The diffusion index for business confidence among corporations greatly improved. The index now stands at plus 1 among major manufacturers, a vast improvement from minus 14 logged in March. The index has entered positive territory for the first time in two years. It is the fifth straight quarterly improvement, and the index is now almost at the same level as it was just before the so-called Lehman shock of 2008.
日銀が１日に発表した６月の企業短期経済観測調査（短観）は、企業の景気認識を示す業況判断指数が大幅に改善し、大企業の製造業でプラス１となった。
プラスへの浮上は２年ぶりである。５四半期連続の改善で、リーマン・ショックの直前とほぼ同じ水準に戻した。
===
Recovery seems steady
The improved performance of exporting companies led the uptick. In addition, major nonmanufacturers, as well as small and midsize manufacturers and nonmanufacturers, also stayed on their recovery path.
輸出関連企業の業績回復が先導したが、大企業の非製造業や、中小企業の製造業、非製造業も改善を維持している。
Capital investment--which holds the key to a full-scale recovery--for this fiscal year also finally turned positive for major companies. We can safely say the improvement is spreading to the wider economy.
本格成長のカギをにぎる今年度の設備投資計画も、ようやくプラスに転じた。景気回復のすそ野は広がってきたと見ていい。
Despite the favorable Tankan figures, the Nikkei Stock Average fell for the second straight day to close at a fresh low for the year. Uncertainty over the strength of the global economy remains and market players seem to be on tenterhooks over the yen's appreciation.
だが、短観の好調さをよそに、東京市場の平均株価はこの日、今年の最安値を更新した。海外経済の変調と、円高に対する警戒感が強まってきたためだ。
In the United States and Europe, worries linger over aggravated fiscal deterioration and the economic downturn caused by the Greek debt crisis. The Dow Jones industrial average at the New York Stock Exchange has been on a downward spiral and dipped below 10,000 this week.
欧米では、ギリシャ危機に始まった財政悪化や景気減速の懸念がくすぶっている。ニューヨーク市場の平均株価は下げが続き、今週は１万ドルの大台を割り込んだ。
A downturn in overseas markets increases pressure on the yen to appreciate, which in turn causes stocks in Japan to plunge. This vicious circle has apparently taken root.
海外市況の悪化で円高圧力が高まり、円高が日本の株安を招く悪循環もはっきりしてきた。
Many companies forecast the exchange rate this fiscal year will hover around 90 yen to the dollar. However, the yen this week appreciated to the 88 yen level against the greenback. If the yen rises further, it will knock the stuffing out of export-related businesses that are showing signs of slowing growth.
企業の多くは、今年度の為替相場を１ドル＝９０円程度と想定している。８８円台に進んだ円高がさらに加速すれば、伸び悩みの兆候もある輸出に打撃となるだろう。
===
What's the reality?
The Tankan also showed the bearish sentiment of companies that are not confident the recovery will be sustainable. The diffusion index for automobile companies in the major business category improved greatly, but they forecast a major decline three months down the road. Their sentiment stems partially from the fading effects of government measures to support domestic vehicle sales, such as tax breaks for purchases of eco-cars.
短観には、回復の持続に自信を持てない企業の弱気も見える。大企業の自動車は今回、業況が大きく改善したが、３か月後は大幅な低下を予想している。エコカー減税など国内販売の支援策の効果が薄れてきた影響もありそうだ。
As about 70 percent to 80 percent of companies surveyed for the Tankan submitted their responses to the Bank of Japan by or in early June, the report does not fully incorporate recent worrying developments such as the yen's appreciation and fall in stock prices. All observers will be carefully watching to see if actual business sentiment is more pessimistic than the Tankan indicated.
短観は６月上旬までに７〜８割の企業が回答を済ませており、最近の円高・株安を十分に織り込んでいない問題もある。実際の企業心理は短観より冷えていないか、注意深く見ねばならない。
Including the Democratic Party of Japan, which advocates building a "strong economy" as a central campaign pledge, each political party has promised annual economic growth ranging from 3 percent to 5 percent. We welcome the trend of putting priority on economic growth. However, before anything else, the parties must present prescriptions that will unfailingly bring about an economic recovery and departure from deflation.
「強い経済」を掲げる民主党をはじめ、各党の選挙公約は３〜５％の高成長を約束している。成長重視は歓迎だが、最優先で示すべきなのは、景気回復とデフレ脱却を着実に果たす処方箋(せん)である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 2, 2010)
（2010年7月2日00時56分 読売新聞）
Stay vigilant against yen's rise, stock falls
景況感プラス 円高・株安への警戒を怠るな（7月2日付・読売社説）
Although corporate sentiment about business conditions seems to be improving, evidence the economy has regained its vigor remains sketchy at best.
企業の景気認識は改善しているようだが、日本経済が元気になったという手応えがない。
Stock prices have tumbled, the yen has appreciated again, and the nation is still unable to shake off deflation.
デフレから脱出できないまま、再び株価下落や円高が進んでいるからだ。
The campaign for the July 11 House of Councillors election is well under way. Each party has pledged to attain high economic growth.
参院選で各党は、高成長の実現を公約に掲げている。
However, rather than competing over who can set the highest target, the parties should focus more on how realistic their measures for achieving these goals are.
だが、競うべきなのは、目標の高さではなく達成への具体策だ。
The first task for the government after the election is to put the economy on track for a full recovery. We hope political parties will engage in reasoned debate on this issue.
それにはまず景気を本格回復させることが先決である。説得力のある経済論議を展開してほしい。
The Bank of Japan announced Thursday its Tankan short-term economic survey of enterprises for June. The diffusion index for business confidence among corporations greatly improved. The index now stands at plus 1 among major manufacturers, a vast improvement from minus 14 logged in March. The index has entered positive territory for the first time in two years. It is the fifth straight quarterly improvement, and the index is now almost at the same level as it was just before the so-called Lehman shock of 2008.
日銀が１日に発表した６月の企業短期経済観測調査（短観）は、企業の景気認識を示す業況判断指数が大幅に改善し、大企業の製造業でプラス１となった。
プラスへの浮上は２年ぶりである。５四半期連続の改善で、リーマン・ショックの直前とほぼ同じ水準に戻した。
===
Recovery seems steady
The improved performance of exporting companies led the uptick. In addition, major nonmanufacturers, as well as small and midsize manufacturers and nonmanufacturers, also stayed on their recovery path.
輸出関連企業の業績回復が先導したが、大企業の非製造業や、中小企業の製造業、非製造業も改善を維持している。
Capital investment--which holds the key to a full-scale recovery--for this fiscal year also finally turned positive for major companies. We can safely say the improvement is spreading to the wider economy.
本格成長のカギをにぎる今年度の設備投資計画も、ようやくプラスに転じた。景気回復のすそ野は広がってきたと見ていい。
Despite the favorable Tankan figures, the Nikkei Stock Average fell for the second straight day to close at a fresh low for the year. Uncertainty over the strength of the global economy remains and market players seem to be on tenterhooks over the yen's appreciation.
だが、短観の好調さをよそに、東京市場の平均株価はこの日、今年の最安値を更新した。海外経済の変調と、円高に対する警戒感が強まってきたためだ。
In the United States and Europe, worries linger over aggravated fiscal deterioration and the economic downturn caused by the Greek debt crisis. The Dow Jones industrial average at the New York Stock Exchange has been on a downward spiral and dipped below 10,000 this week.
欧米では、ギリシャ危機に始まった財政悪化や景気減速の懸念がくすぶっている。ニューヨーク市場の平均株価は下げが続き、今週は１万ドルの大台を割り込んだ。
A downturn in overseas markets increases pressure on the yen to appreciate, which in turn causes stocks in Japan to plunge. This vicious circle has apparently taken root.
海外市況の悪化で円高圧力が高まり、円高が日本の株安を招く悪循環もはっきりしてきた。
Many companies forecast the exchange rate this fiscal year will hover around 90 yen to the dollar. However, the yen this week appreciated to the 88 yen level against the greenback. If the yen rises further, it will knock the stuffing out of export-related businesses that are showing signs of slowing growth.
企業の多くは、今年度の為替相場を１ドル＝９０円程度と想定している。８８円台に進んだ円高がさらに加速すれば、伸び悩みの兆候もある輸出に打撃となるだろう。
===
What's the reality?
The Tankan also showed the bearish sentiment of companies that are not confident the recovery will be sustainable. The diffusion index for automobile companies in the major business category improved greatly, but they forecast a major decline three months down the road. Their sentiment stems partially from the fading effects of government measures to support domestic vehicle sales, such as tax breaks for purchases of eco-cars.
短観には、回復の持続に自信を持てない企業の弱気も見える。大企業の自動車は今回、業況が大きく改善したが、３か月後は大幅な低下を予想している。エコカー減税など国内販売の支援策の効果が薄れてきた影響もありそうだ。
As about 70 percent to 80 percent of companies surveyed for the Tankan submitted their responses to the Bank of Japan by or in early June, the report does not fully incorporate recent worrying developments such as the yen's appreciation and fall in stock prices. All observers will be carefully watching to see if actual business sentiment is more pessimistic than the Tankan indicated.
短観は６月上旬までに７〜８割の企業が回答を済ませており、最近の円高・株安を十分に織り込んでいない問題もある。実際の企業心理は短観より冷えていないか、注意深く見ねばならない。
Including the Democratic Party of Japan, which advocates building a "strong economy" as a central campaign pledge, each political party has promised annual economic growth ranging from 3 percent to 5 percent. We welcome the trend of putting priority on economic growth. However, before anything else, the parties must present prescriptions that will unfailingly bring about an economic recovery and departure from deflation.
「強い経済」を掲げる民主党をはじめ、各党の選挙公約は３〜５％の高成長を約束している。成長重視は歓迎だが、最優先で示すべきなのは、景気回復とデフレ脱却を着実に果たす処方箋(せん)である。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 2, 2010)
（2010年7月2日00時56分 読売新聞）
2010年07月02日
Ｗ杯日本敗退 選手の奮闘に元気をもらった
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Jul. 2, 2010)
Samurai Blue lost, but they gave so much
Ｗ杯日本敗退 選手の奮闘に元気をもらった（7月1日付・読売社説）
Japan has missed out on making the quarterfinals at the soccer World Cup in South Africa. Takeshi Okada's side fell one hurdle short of the last eight--a stage Japan has never reached at a World Cup. Despite this, the Samurai Blue displayed their skill and never-say-die attitude on soccer's grandest stage. We applaud the players' brave efforts.
日本のサッカー史上、初めてとなるベスト８には、またしても手が届かなかった。しかし、日本代表の選手たちは、最高峰の舞台で、力を存分に発揮した。健闘をたたえたい。
In the first round of the knockout stage, Paraguay defeated Japan in a penalty shootout. Japan's campaign ended at the same stage as it did in the 2002 World Cup, when Japan and South Korea cohosted the event.
サッカーのワールドカップ（Ｗ杯）南アフリカ大会の決勝トーナメント１回戦で、日本はＰＫ戦の末、パラグアイに敗れた。２００２年の日韓大会と同じ成績で、日本のＷ杯挑戦は終わった。
The Japanese players played with a steely determination. Japan did not give an inch to Paraguay, a team known for strong defense and rapid counterattacks. Defenders such as Yuji Nakazawa and Yuichi Komano were outstanding at keeping the Paraguayans at bay.
堅守速攻が身上のパラグアイに対し、日本は、中沢佑二選手、駒野友一選手ら守備陣の体を張った守りでわたりあった。
It was a down-to-the-wire defeat in a game that ended in a goalless draw after 120 minutes, including 30 minutes of extra time. Komano, who missed his penalty kick in the shootout, must feel extremely disappointed, but we hope he comes back to Japan with his head held high.
延長戦を含め１２０分を戦った末の紙一重の敗戦だ。ＰＫを外した駒野選手は悔しいだろうが、胸を張って帰国してほしい。
===
Confidence after each game
The Samurai Blue seemed to grow in confidence with each of the four matches they played in South Africa. Their teamwork and willingness to work for one another helped them knock over some of soccer's leading nations, and gave off an aura of reliability.
Ｗ杯の計４戦、日本代表は１戦ごとに自信を得て、強くなった。チーム一丸となって強豪国に挑む姿には、頼もしさを感じた。
Okada's tactics successfully squeezed every drop of ability from his players.
選手の持ち味を引き出した岡田武史監督の采配(さいはい)も奏功した。
We think the team made Japan's presence felt in the soccer world.
日本の存在感を、世界に向かって十分に示したといえる。
However, Japan's valiant efforts were still not quite enough. Okada said after the loss to Paraguay, "I think this tells you it's still not easy to advance further [at the World Cup]."
だが、世界の壁は、やはり高かった。岡田監督は、「まだまだ、そんな簡単じゃないよと言われているんだと思う」と語った。
Japan's defensive organization proved effective at the World Cup, but the team's evident inability to score was their undoing. The players could not convert the few chances that came their way. A cure for this lack of killer instinct in front of goal will need to be found before the next World Cup rolls around in four years.
日本の守備力は、Ｗ杯でも通用したが、明らかに足りないのは得点力だ。少ないチャンスをものにすることができなかった。４年後の次回大会までの宿題である。
The entire nation was swept up in a wave of excitement whenever Japan played. The viewer rating peaked at 64.9 percent during the Japan-Paraguay game.
日本代表の試合の度に、列島は大いに盛り上がった。パラグアイ戦のテレビ中継の瞬間最高視聴率は６４・９％に達した。
Many people must have enjoyed the sense of unity that comes from cheering for the national team with others, and been energized by the players. We felt once again the great power that sports can provide.
みんなで日本代表を応援する一体感を味わい、選手たちから元気をもらった人も多いのでないか。スポーツが持つ力の大きさを改めて実感する。
===
Hard work finally pays off
In the four years since being bundled out at the group stage in Germany in 2006, the Japan team failed to reach any great heights. Many people lost interest in a team they thought lacked "star" players. Vacant seats stood out at stadiums during international friendlies.
前回のドイツ大会で惨敗して以降、日本代表の戦績は上がらず、スター不在の代表チームへの関心も薄れがちだった。海外チームとの親善試合でも、スタンドには空席が目立った。
But as the Samurai Blue started to play well, the public began to get behind the team. Some players such as Keisuke Honda will now be known in soccer circles around the world after their sparkling World Cup performances.
しかし、代表チームが強ければ、注目度も高くなる。本田圭佑選手らの名は、Ｗ杯を通して一気に知れ渡ったはずだ。
Japan is bidding to host the World Cup in 2022. Japan's efforts in South Africa could boost sentiment in favor of this bid.
日本は２２年のＷ杯招致に名乗りを上げているが、今回のＷ杯は、機運を高めるきっかけになるかもしれない。
We hope the players will use their experiences in the World Cup to further hone their skills in the J.League and overseas to raise the overall level of Japanese soccer.
選手たちは、この経験を糧に、Ｊリーグや海外のチームでさらに技を磨き、日本サッカーのレベルアップにつなげてほしい。
Let us set aside the dream of making the last eight in the World Cup--or even the semifinals as Okada had targeted this time--for four years.
Ｗ杯でのベスト８、さらに、今回の目標だったベスト４の夢は、４年後までとっておこう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 1, 2010)
（2010年7月1日02時09分 読売新聞）
Samurai Blue lost, but they gave so much
Ｗ杯日本敗退 選手の奮闘に元気をもらった（7月1日付・読売社説）
Japan has missed out on making the quarterfinals at the soccer World Cup in South Africa. Takeshi Okada's side fell one hurdle short of the last eight--a stage Japan has never reached at a World Cup. Despite this, the Samurai Blue displayed their skill and never-say-die attitude on soccer's grandest stage. We applaud the players' brave efforts.
日本のサッカー史上、初めてとなるベスト８には、またしても手が届かなかった。しかし、日本代表の選手たちは、最高峰の舞台で、力を存分に発揮した。健闘をたたえたい。
In the first round of the knockout stage, Paraguay defeated Japan in a penalty shootout. Japan's campaign ended at the same stage as it did in the 2002 World Cup, when Japan and South Korea cohosted the event.
サッカーのワールドカップ（Ｗ杯）南アフリカ大会の決勝トーナメント１回戦で、日本はＰＫ戦の末、パラグアイに敗れた。２００２年の日韓大会と同じ成績で、日本のＷ杯挑戦は終わった。
The Japanese players played with a steely determination. Japan did not give an inch to Paraguay, a team known for strong defense and rapid counterattacks. Defenders such as Yuji Nakazawa and Yuichi Komano were outstanding at keeping the Paraguayans at bay.
堅守速攻が身上のパラグアイに対し、日本は、中沢佑二選手、駒野友一選手ら守備陣の体を張った守りでわたりあった。
It was a down-to-the-wire defeat in a game that ended in a goalless draw after 120 minutes, including 30 minutes of extra time. Komano, who missed his penalty kick in the shootout, must feel extremely disappointed, but we hope he comes back to Japan with his head held high.
延長戦を含め１２０分を戦った末の紙一重の敗戦だ。ＰＫを外した駒野選手は悔しいだろうが、胸を張って帰国してほしい。
===
Confidence after each game
The Samurai Blue seemed to grow in confidence with each of the four matches they played in South Africa. Their teamwork and willingness to work for one another helped them knock over some of soccer's leading nations, and gave off an aura of reliability.
Ｗ杯の計４戦、日本代表は１戦ごとに自信を得て、強くなった。チーム一丸となって強豪国に挑む姿には、頼もしさを感じた。
Okada's tactics successfully squeezed every drop of ability from his players.
選手の持ち味を引き出した岡田武史監督の采配(さいはい)も奏功した。
We think the team made Japan's presence felt in the soccer world.
日本の存在感を、世界に向かって十分に示したといえる。
However, Japan's valiant efforts were still not quite enough. Okada said after the loss to Paraguay, "I think this tells you it's still not easy to advance further [at the World Cup]."
だが、世界の壁は、やはり高かった。岡田監督は、「まだまだ、そんな簡単じゃないよと言われているんだと思う」と語った。
Japan's defensive organization proved effective at the World Cup, but the team's evident inability to score was their undoing. The players could not convert the few chances that came their way. A cure for this lack of killer instinct in front of goal will need to be found before the next World Cup rolls around in four years.
日本の守備力は、Ｗ杯でも通用したが、明らかに足りないのは得点力だ。少ないチャンスをものにすることができなかった。４年後の次回大会までの宿題である。
The entire nation was swept up in a wave of excitement whenever Japan played. The viewer rating peaked at 64.9 percent during the Japan-Paraguay game.
日本代表の試合の度に、列島は大いに盛り上がった。パラグアイ戦のテレビ中継の瞬間最高視聴率は６４・９％に達した。
Many people must have enjoyed the sense of unity that comes from cheering for the national team with others, and been energized by the players. We felt once again the great power that sports can provide.
みんなで日本代表を応援する一体感を味わい、選手たちから元気をもらった人も多いのでないか。スポーツが持つ力の大きさを改めて実感する。
===
Hard work finally pays off
In the four years since being bundled out at the group stage in Germany in 2006, the Japan team failed to reach any great heights. Many people lost interest in a team they thought lacked "star" players. Vacant seats stood out at stadiums during international friendlies.
前回のドイツ大会で惨敗して以降、日本代表の戦績は上がらず、スター不在の代表チームへの関心も薄れがちだった。海外チームとの親善試合でも、スタンドには空席が目立った。
But as the Samurai Blue started to play well, the public began to get behind the team. Some players such as Keisuke Honda will now be known in soccer circles around the world after their sparkling World Cup performances.
しかし、代表チームが強ければ、注目度も高くなる。本田圭佑選手らの名は、Ｗ杯を通して一気に知れ渡ったはずだ。
Japan is bidding to host the World Cup in 2022. Japan's efforts in South Africa could boost sentiment in favor of this bid.
日本は２２年のＷ杯招致に名乗りを上げているが、今回のＷ杯は、機運を高めるきっかけになるかもしれない。
We hope the players will use their experiences in the World Cup to further hone their skills in the J.League and overseas to raise the overall level of Japanese soccer.
選手たちは、この経験を糧に、Ｊリーグや海外のチームでさらに技を磨き、日本サッカーのレベルアップにつなげてほしい。
Let us set aside the dream of making the last eight in the World Cup--or even the semifinals as Okada had targeted this time--for four years.
Ｗ杯でのベスト８、さらに、今回の目標だったベスト４の夢は、４年後までとっておこう。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, July 1, 2010)
（2010年7月1日02時09分 読売新聞）
2010年07月01日
成長と財政再建 Ｇ２０で首相が負った重い宿題
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Jul. 1, 2010)
G-20 meet leaves Kan with a difficult task
成長と財政再建 Ｇ２０で首相が負った重い宿題（6月30日付・読売社説）
Industrialized countries and emerging economies alike have been shouldered with the two difficult tasks of maintaining economic growth while steadily promoting fiscal reconstruction.
経済成長を維持しながら財政再建も着実に進める――。先進国と新興国がそれぞれ背負わされた難題である。
The key point of the joint declaration adopted by leaders of the Group of 20 major developed and emerging countries in their meeting in Toronto was their agreement on carrying out "growth-friendly fiscal consolidation."
カナダ・トロントで開かれた世界２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議（サミット）が採択した首脳宣言のポイントは、「成長に配慮した財政健全化」を打ち出したことだ。
At the meeting, Prime Minister Naoto Kan explained Japan's new economic growth and fiscal management strategies, which were worked out shortly before the summit meeting, effectively making the strategies international pledges.
菅首相は、首脳会議の直前にまとめた新経済成長戦略と財政運営戦略を説明し、この二つの戦略が事実上の国際公約になった。
This means that Japan will have to simultaneously pursue two goals--playing a leading role in the world economy by achieving sustainable growth and realizing fiscal reconstruction that will be recognized by the market.
日本も、持続的成長で世界経済の牽引(けんいん)役を果たしつつ、市場に評価される財政再建を実現するという、二兎(にと)を同時に追わざるを得なくなった。
Starting now, Kan's competence in economic management will be put to the test.
菅首相の経済運営の手腕が、今後、問われることになろう。
The global economy at present is poised to leave behind the worldwide recession that began with the financial crisis sparked by the collapse of U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers. However, the fiscal turmoil in Greece is slowing down a weakened Europe, leaving the global economy's future prospects uncertain.
現在の世界経済は、リーマン・ショック後の金融危機と同時不況を脱しつつある。しかし、ギリシャ危機で欧州経済がもたつき、先行きはまだ不透明だ。
The G-20 statement was correct in pointing out the need to "follow through on fiscal stimulus plans," based on such assessments.
こうした判断から、首脳宣言が「景気刺激策の継続が必要」と指摘したのは当然である。
===
Calls for debt reduction
The statement, on the other hand, stressed the need for countries burdened with heavy public debts to accelerate efforts to shore up their fiscal condition.
一方で、宣言は、「深刻な財政赤字国は、財政健全化を加速する必要がある」とも強調した。
It was particularly significant that the statement presented numerical targets, saying "advanced economies have committed to at least halve deficits by 2013." However, the leaders took the extraordinary step of agreeing to treat Japan, which has by far the largest outstanding debt among industrialized countries, as an exception.
特に、「先進国は２０１３年までに財政赤字を少なくとも半減させる」などと、数値目標を明示した意義は大きい。ただ、財政悪化が最も深刻な日本は異例の「例外扱い」となった。
The G-20 meeting witnessed a sharp rift between European countries, which put priority on fiscal reconstruction, and the United States, which attaches importance to economic growth.
Ｇ２０では、財政再建を優先する欧州と、景気重視の米国が対立した。
However, if countries adopt belt-tightening policies all at once, the risk of an economic slowdown will increase. For this reason, European nations and the United States are believed to have reached a compromise, saying "measures need to be put into action at the national level and tailored to individual countries' conditions" to restore their public finances.
だが、一斉に緊縮財政に走れば景気失速のリスクが高まる。このため欧米は妥協を図り、各国の状況に応じ財政立て直しを求めることで収拾したのだろう。
===
A tight spot for Japan
But the decision has put Japan in a bind. Japan was left out of the fiscal reconstruction goals for Europe and the United States while at the same time it was subjected to calls to further expand its domestic demand as an economy with a current account surplus.
これで難しい立場に追い込まれたのが日本だ。欧米の財政再建目標から置き去りにされたうえ、経常黒字国として、さらなる内需拡大も要求されたからだ。
The upcoming House of Councillors election will be followed by discussions for the compilation of the fiscal 2011 budget. The government must expedite efforts to flesh out the so-called Kan strategy, which aims at realizing growth and tax hikes at the same time.
参院選後は来年度予算編成に向けた議論が始まる。増税しながら成長を実現するという「菅戦略」の肉付けを急がねばならない。
The revaluation of the Chinese yuan was another key item on the G-20 agenda. Though the declaration did not single out the yuan by name and simply called for greater exchange rate flexibility in some emerging markets, China is certain to be asked to approve the yuan's rise against other currencies.
Ｇ２０では、中国通貨・人民元の切り上げも重要テーマだった。宣言は人民元を名指しせず、「為替レートの柔軟性」を指摘したが、中国が今後、人民元の上昇容認を迫られるのは確実だ。
The G-20 summit meeting once again exposed the difficulty of putting together opinions on themes about which participating countries have sharply conflicting interests.
今回のＧ２０サミットでも、利害が鋭く対立するテーマでは、意見集約する難しさが改めて浮き彫りになった。
Japan should draw up clear strategies on how to make effective use of the Group of Eight and the G-20 meetings.
主要８か国（Ｇ８）と、Ｇ２０をどう使い分けていくか。日本は明確な戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 30, 2010)
（2010年6月30日01時57分 読売新聞）
G-20 meet leaves Kan with a difficult task
成長と財政再建 Ｇ２０で首相が負った重い宿題（6月30日付・読売社説）
Industrialized countries and emerging economies alike have been shouldered with the two difficult tasks of maintaining economic growth while steadily promoting fiscal reconstruction.
経済成長を維持しながら財政再建も着実に進める――。先進国と新興国がそれぞれ背負わされた難題である。
The key point of the joint declaration adopted by leaders of the Group of 20 major developed and emerging countries in their meeting in Toronto was their agreement on carrying out "growth-friendly fiscal consolidation."
カナダ・トロントで開かれた世界２０か国・地域（Ｇ２０）首脳会議（サミット）が採択した首脳宣言のポイントは、「成長に配慮した財政健全化」を打ち出したことだ。
At the meeting, Prime Minister Naoto Kan explained Japan's new economic growth and fiscal management strategies, which were worked out shortly before the summit meeting, effectively making the strategies international pledges.
菅首相は、首脳会議の直前にまとめた新経済成長戦略と財政運営戦略を説明し、この二つの戦略が事実上の国際公約になった。
This means that Japan will have to simultaneously pursue two goals--playing a leading role in the world economy by achieving sustainable growth and realizing fiscal reconstruction that will be recognized by the market.
日本も、持続的成長で世界経済の牽引(けんいん)役を果たしつつ、市場に評価される財政再建を実現するという、二兎(にと)を同時に追わざるを得なくなった。
Starting now, Kan's competence in economic management will be put to the test.
菅首相の経済運営の手腕が、今後、問われることになろう。
The global economy at present is poised to leave behind the worldwide recession that began with the financial crisis sparked by the collapse of U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers. However, the fiscal turmoil in Greece is slowing down a weakened Europe, leaving the global economy's future prospects uncertain.
現在の世界経済は、リーマン・ショック後の金融危機と同時不況を脱しつつある。しかし、ギリシャ危機で欧州経済がもたつき、先行きはまだ不透明だ。
The G-20 statement was correct in pointing out the need to "follow through on fiscal stimulus plans," based on such assessments.
こうした判断から、首脳宣言が「景気刺激策の継続が必要」と指摘したのは当然である。
===
Calls for debt reduction
The statement, on the other hand, stressed the need for countries burdened with heavy public debts to accelerate efforts to shore up their fiscal condition.
一方で、宣言は、「深刻な財政赤字国は、財政健全化を加速する必要がある」とも強調した。
It was particularly significant that the statement presented numerical targets, saying "advanced economies have committed to at least halve deficits by 2013." However, the leaders took the extraordinary step of agreeing to treat Japan, which has by far the largest outstanding debt among industrialized countries, as an exception.
特に、「先進国は２０１３年までに財政赤字を少なくとも半減させる」などと、数値目標を明示した意義は大きい。ただ、財政悪化が最も深刻な日本は異例の「例外扱い」となった。
The G-20 meeting witnessed a sharp rift between European countries, which put priority on fiscal reconstruction, and the United States, which attaches importance to economic growth.
Ｇ２０では、財政再建を優先する欧州と、景気重視の米国が対立した。
However, if countries adopt belt-tightening policies all at once, the risk of an economic slowdown will increase. For this reason, European nations and the United States are believed to have reached a compromise, saying "measures need to be put into action at the national level and tailored to individual countries' conditions" to restore their public finances.
だが、一斉に緊縮財政に走れば景気失速のリスクが高まる。このため欧米は妥協を図り、各国の状況に応じ財政立て直しを求めることで収拾したのだろう。
===
A tight spot for Japan
But the decision has put Japan in a bind. Japan was left out of the fiscal reconstruction goals for Europe and the United States while at the same time it was subjected to calls to further expand its domestic demand as an economy with a current account surplus.
これで難しい立場に追い込まれたのが日本だ。欧米の財政再建目標から置き去りにされたうえ、経常黒字国として、さらなる内需拡大も要求されたからだ。
The upcoming House of Councillors election will be followed by discussions for the compilation of the fiscal 2011 budget. The government must expedite efforts to flesh out the so-called Kan strategy, which aims at realizing growth and tax hikes at the same time.
参院選後は来年度予算編成に向けた議論が始まる。増税しながら成長を実現するという「菅戦略」の肉付けを急がねばならない。
The revaluation of the Chinese yuan was another key item on the G-20 agenda. Though the declaration did not single out the yuan by name and simply called for greater exchange rate flexibility in some emerging markets, China is certain to be asked to approve the yuan's rise against other currencies.
Ｇ２０では、中国通貨・人民元の切り上げも重要テーマだった。宣言は人民元を名指しせず、「為替レートの柔軟性」を指摘したが、中国が今後、人民元の上昇容認を迫られるのは確実だ。
The G-20 summit meeting once again exposed the difficulty of putting together opinions on themes about which participating countries have sharply conflicting interests.
今回のＧ２０サミットでも、利害が鋭く対立するテーマでは、意見集約する難しさが改めて浮き彫りになった。
Japan should draw up clear strategies on how to make effective use of the Group of Eight and the G-20 meetings.
主要８か国（Ｇ８）と、Ｇ２０をどう使い分けていくか。日本は明確な戦略を練らねばならない。
(From The Yomiuri Shimbun, June 30, 2010)
（2010年6月30日01時57分 読売新聞）