ブログ

今日は円地文子生誕118周年

Today’s Doodle celebrates the 118th birthday of Fumiko Enchi, a Japanese feminist and writer who rose to literary fame during the post-World War II era. She wrote several plays and novels about the unfair domestic lifestyles that women were expected to lead. The characters she created were direct reflections of her own experiences, and evolved as her career and life progressed.

Enchi was born on this day in 1905 in Tokyo. From an early age, she was1 exposed to the art of storytelling − her grandmother introduced her to kabuki theater. At 21 years old, Enchi published her first play titled A Birthplace, which was well received by the public.

1　物語を書くという芸術に親しむようになる

Unfortunately, the writer grew ill and lost her home during World War II, causing her to temporarily retreat from the literary world. Enchi eventually found her way back to the pen and focused more on fiction, writing tales that explored the gender discrimination, lack of equality, and wrongful treatment of women caused by Japan’s 2patriarchal society. In 1953, she won the Women’s Literature Prize for her story Starving Days.

Throughout the rest of her career, Enchi published novels that featured strong,3 introspective female 4protagonists. She was particularly fond of works written by women during the Heian era and adopted similar topics: maternity, familial duty, lust, aging, and more. Enchi’s expressive voice gave these themes a modern twist and cemented her status as a leading Japanese writer.

2 家父長制社会
3　内省的な
4　主人公

Some of her most celebrated works include The Waiting Years (1957), Masks (1958), and A Tale of False Fortunes (1965). Enchi won several awards including the Bunka Kunsho (or Order of Culture), the highest honor a Japanese citizen can receive, in 1985. She was also elected to5 the Japan Art Academy, the nation’s premier institution for recognizing accomplished artists.

Happy birthday, Fumiko Enchi!

5　日本芸術院

説明文


NHKの記事　


今回は女流文壇の第一人者として評価されている円地文子生誕118周年のDoodleでした。

説明

Today’s Doodle celebrates the 120th birthday of Ainu translator, Yukie Chiri and was illustrated by guest artist Yumi Koizumi. The Ainu are an１ Indigenous group of people that live in the northern regions of Japan. When they were forced to ２relocate and assimilate into Japanese culture during the early 1900s, Chiri created an anthology of Ainu epic tales, called yukar, to ensure their stories and culture were properly preserved. Chiri was born on this day in 1903 in Noboribetsu City, Hokkaido during a time when the Ainu people were being forced to adopt traditional Japanese values. As a girl, she was sent to live with her aunt in Asahikawa and learned both Japanese and Ainu. She was a gifted student and excelled in language arts.

1　先住の
2　移住させる
3　同化させる　

When she was a teenager, Chiri met a Japanese linguist named Kyōsuke Kindaiachi who was working to record Ainu ４folklore and traditions. She decided to dedicate the rest of her life to 5transcribing and translating yukar and eventually created an anthology, Ainu Shinyōshū (or A Collection of the Ainu Epics of the Gods). This was an especially difficult task since yukar are oral works meant to be chanted. Because of Chiri’s work, many readers started to respect the Ainu culture. Today, many still reference Chiri’s anthology as the primary reputable source for Ainu traditions and culture.Happy birthday Yukie Chiri!

4　伝承　言い伝え
5　書き起こす



今回は知里幸恵という人物がDoodleに。
1903年生まれ1922年没。　19歳という短い人生だったが、「アイヌ神謡集」を出版。
アイヌ文化復権の転機に。

https://www.google.com/doodles/sachio-kinugasas-76th-birthday
より

Today’s Doodle celebrates the 76th birthday of Japanese baseball player Sachio Kinugasa. He broke the record for most consecutive baseball games played in 1987 and held it for nine more years.

On this day in 1947, Kinugasa was born in Kyoto, Japan, to a Japanese mother and an African American father, and as a young boy, he 1was taunted for being mixed race.

He began playing baseball at Heian Buddhist high school and gained popularity as an 2infielder in the national high school tournament. In 1965, he was signed to the Hiroshima Carp baseball team. He was part of the starting lineup a few years later as third basemen and was a consistent hitter with around 15 home runs a year for 20+ years.

1　愚弄される
2　内野手

Kinugasa was dedicated to the sport and played a record-breaking 2,215 games3 in a row even sometimes with fractured bones. To him, it was more painful to miss a game than to play a game while injured, earning him the nickname Tetsujin (Iron Man). While he is best known for his consecutive game streak, Kinugasa was a well-rounded player who ranks seventh in career home runs with a grand total of 504, fifth in career hits and tenth in career 4runs batted in. In 1975, he helped the Carp win their first ever league championship.

3　連続で
4　打点

He received many awards for his athletic performance. Kinugasa was named Central League MVP in 1984 for winning the Japanese championship series. He was5 inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 1996 and became the second baseball player to receive 6the People’s Honor Award, given for accomplishments in sports and entertainment, from the Prime Minister of Japan. A lifetime lover of the game, Kinugasa became a baseball announcer for TBS after retiring from the Carp.

Happy birthday to a baseball player who stole countless bases and hearts, Sachio Kinugasa!

5 野球殿堂入りする
6 国民栄誉賞


昨日、日本だけで表示されたDoodleは元広島カープの故衣笠祥雄氏でした。
衣笠氏の記録で一番知られているのは、連続試合出場記録。
2215試合連続で、日本記録。
1970年10月19日から1987年10月22日まで。
1971年から引退する1987年は17年間は130試合全てに出場しています。

連続出場記録に目が行きがちなんですが、本塁打は歴代7位、打点は11位、安打は5位という打撃の記録も残しており、盗塁王も経験アリ。

Googleの説明

Today’s 1interactive game Doodle celebrates the 82nd birthday of Gerald “Jerry” Lawson, one of the fathers of modern gaming who led the team that developed the first home video gaming system with 2interchangeable game cartridges. The Doodle features games designed by three American guest artists and game designers: Davionne Gooden, Lauren Brown, and Momo Pixel.

Lawson was born in Brooklyn, New York on this day in 1940. He 3tinkered with electronics from an early age, repairing televisions around his neighborhood and creating his own radio station using recycled parts. He attended Queens College and City College of New York before departing early to start his career in Palo Alto, California. At the time, the city and its surrounding region had become known as “Silicon Valley” due to the explosion of new, innovative tech companies starting up in the area.

1　双方向型のゲーム
2　交換可能なゲームカートリッジ
3　いじくる

Upon arriving in California, Lawson joined Fairchild Semiconductor as an engineering consultant. A few years later, Lawson was promoted to Director of Engineering and Marketing of Fairchild’s video game department where he led the development of the Fairchild Channel F system (the “F” stood for fun!). This was the first home video game system console that featured interchangeable game cartridges, an 8-way digital joystick and a pause menu. The Channel F paved the way for future gaming systems like the Atari, SNES, Dreamcast and more.

In 1980, Lawson left Fairchild to start his own company, VideoSoft−one of the earliest Black-owned video game development companies. The company created software for the Atari 2600, which popularized the cartridge Lawson and his team developed. Although they closed five years later, Lawson had 4solidified himself as a pioneer in the industry and continued to consult multiple engineering and video game companies throughout the rest of his career.

4　(地位などを)固める

In 2011, 5the International Game Developers Association recognized Lawson as an industry 6trailblazer for his contributions to gaming. The University of Southern California also created the Gerald A. Lawson Fund to support underrepresented students who wish to pursue undergraduate or graduate degrees in game design or computer science. Lawson’s achievements are memorialized at the World Video Game Hall of Fame in Rochester, New York.

Here’s to you, Jerry!

5　国際ゲーム開発者協会
6　先駆者


今日はフェアチャイルド・チャンネルFの開発者の一人、ジェラルド・ローソンの生誕記念日。
フェアチャイルド・チャンネルFは初めて、ROMカートリッジを使用したゲーム機。
これまでは、あらかじめ内蔵されたゲームしか遊べなかったのである。

今日はマリー・サープを称えての日。

Googleの説明

Today’s Doodle celebrates the life of Marie Tharp, an American geologist and oceanographic 1cartographer who helped prove the2 theories of continental drift. She co-published the first world map of the ocean floors. On this day in 1998, the Library of Congress named Tharp one of the greatest cartographers of the 20th century.

Today’s Doodle features an interactive exploration of Tharp’s life. Her story is narrated by Caitlyn Larsen, Rebecca Nesel, and Dr. Tiara Moore , three notable women who are currently living out Tharp’s legacy by making strides in the traditionally male-dominated ocean science and geology spaces.

1　地図製作者
2　大陸移動説

Marie Tharp was an only child born on July 30, 1920, in Ypsilanti, Michigan. Tharp’s father, who worked for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, gave her an early introduction to mapmaking. She attended the University of Michigan for her master’s degree in 3petroleum geology−this was particularly impressive given so few women worked in science during this period. She moved to New York City in 1948 and became the first woman to work at the Lamont Geological Observatory where she met geologist Bruce Heezen.

Heezen gathered ocean-depth data in the Atlantic Ocean, which Tharp used to create maps of the mysterious ocean floor. New findings from echo sounders (sonars used to find water depth) helped her discover 4the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. She brought these findings to Heezen, who infamously dismissed this as “girl talk”.

3　石油地質学
4 大西洋中央海嶺

However, when they compared these V-shaped rifts with earthquake 5epicenter maps, Heezen could not ignore the facts. Plate tectonics and continental drift were no longer just theories−the seafloor was undoubtedly spreading. In 1957, Tharp and Heezen co-published the first map of the ocean floor in the North Atlantic. Twenty years later, National Geographic published the first world map of the entire ocean floor penned by Tharp and Heezen, titled “The World Ocean Floor.”

Tharp donated her entire map collection to the Library of Congress in 1995. On the 100th anniversary celebration of its Geography and Map Division, the Library of Congress named her one of the most important cartographers in the 20th century. In 2001, the same observatory where she started her career awarded her with its first annual Lamont-Doherty Heritage Award.

Click on today’s Doodle to begin your journey through Tharp’s extraordinary life and scientific contributions!

5　震央

1998年11月21日、米国議会図書館は彼女を20世紀の偉大な地図製作者の一人として認定。
彼女は海底の地形の研究が知られている。

昨日はダスティ・スプリングフィールドを称えてというロゴに。
この人物はいったい誰なのか。
説明を読みます。


Googleによる説明

Today’s Doodle celebrates performer and Rock & Roll Hall of Famer, Dusty Springfield. Known for her impressive versatility across genres, eye-locking stage presence, and her 1signature blonde beehive, Springfield was a cultural icon whose successful career spanned over five decades. On this day in 1963, Dusty released her first solo single, 'I Only Want to Be with You.'

1　特徴
2　=訳がイマイチ分からないが、どうやら女性の蜂の巣に似せた髪型のこと

Springfield found her love for music at an early age, and dedicated her life to performing right out of school. Her professional career began when she briefly joined1 the Lana Sisters in 1958. Soon after, Dusty joined the likes of Tom, her brother, and Tim Field to form a pop-folk trio called The Springfields. In 1962, the group released “Silver Threads and Golden Needles,” which became a top 20 hit in America−a rare feat for a British group at the time. On her way to Nashville for a recording session, she made a career-changing stop in New York and realized her creative calling was closer to that of soul and 2R&B.

1 = 1958年から1961年に活動したヴォーカルグループ
2 =リズムアンドブルース

Although the group disbanded, Dusty continued the Springfield stage persona into her solo career. Over the next decade, she released a number of hits like the overwhelmingly successful “You Don’t Have To Say You Love Me.” The peak of her career success came in 1968 when her album “Dusty in Memphis” found critical acclaim across the U.S. and U.K.

In the years that followed, Springfield’s career journey spanned across various genres and styles. In the 90’s, she released her last studio album, was inducted into the Class of 1999 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, and recognized as Britain's best-ever pop singer by The Rolling Stones!

Thank you for always keeping us wishin’ and hopin’, Dusty. Proud to be celebrating you today!

彼女の初シングル「I Only Want to Be with You」邦題：二人だけのデート
が1963年にリリースされた日でした。

Googleの説明

Noh is a sophisticated and mysterious artform of traditional Japanese theater where performers act, dance, chant and play instruments while dressed in elegant masks and 1elaborate costumes. Today’s Doodle celebrates the life and 120th birthday of Tsumura Kimiko, a Japanese actor and playwright who was one of the first female figures in the world of Noh. She broke down barriers in the once male-dominated artform and introduced new artistic values through her plays.

Tsumura was born in Akashi, Japan on this day in 1902. At a young age, Tsumura chose to 2pursue traditional theater after falling in love with playwriting. This was going to be a challenge since girls in Tokyo in the early 1900s were taught lessons in Noh but were excluded from professional productions.

1　凝った
2　追いかける

When she was seventeen, Tsumura’s life took a drastic turn when she became a student of 3Kanze Kasetsu, an established actor. During her studies, Tsumura learned and memorized all two hundred classical Noh plays by heart. She was then given the opportunity to travel to Busan, Korea and teach, eventually building her reputation as a skilled instructor. At nineteen, she made her first public performance on stage. News of this performance reached her homeland and shocked the Nohgaku Association, which mediated and oversaw all Noh performances in Japan. Tsumura was ordered not to contact the association, and her teacher-student relationship with Kasetsu ended 4abruptly.

3　観世華雪(1884-1959) 能楽師
4　急に

Unable to give up on her dream, Tsumura sought to master every aspect of the artform and opened up her own school, Ryokusen-Kai, when she returned to Japan in 1925. For the next fifty years, she wrote and performed several of her own plays, traveling back and forth between Japan and Korea. Many of her students became esteemed performers and continued her legacy of love and admiration for the artform. Tsumura paved the way for generations of female Noh actors to come, and her work is still celebrated and recognized today.

Happy birthday, Tsumura Kimiko!

今日は能楽師、津村三起子の生誕120周年記念日。
女性初の能楽師範。
当時は女性禁制の世界であり、記事にあるように師から破門されることに。
それでも非公式ながら活動を続けたという人物。
写真はなかったですね。

Googleの説明

Today’s Doodle celebrates the life and 156th birthday of Seiki Kuroda, who was born on this day in 1866. Kuroda was an influential artist who’s known as the father of Western-style paintings in Japan. He was also a teacher and art administrator for the Tokyo Art School, as well as the founder of the White Horse Society.He was born in Kagoshima, Japan where he was adopted by his uncle at birth and moved to his estate in Tokyo. At age 18, Kuroda traveled to Paris to study law but instead chose to pursue painting after two years. While in France, he spent a decade learning how to paint in the Western academic-style, 1honing his craft during a period of self-discovery.

1　磨く

In 1893, Kuroda returned to Japan and breathed fresh air into the Western-style art scene in many Japanese cities. He started a Western painting school called Tenshin Dojo and established 2pleinairism which is the practice of painting outdoors. In 31986, he founded the4 Habuka-kai−also known as the White Horse Society−a group of Japanese practitioners of yoga and painting. He was also invited to teach the Western Painting Department at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts.

In his waning years, Kuroda was chosen as a teishitsu gigei-in, or Imperial Household Artist, to create works for the Tokyo Imperial Palace. He also served as the President of the 5Imperial Art Academy and was titled a 6Viscount in 1917. Then, in 1920, Kuroda was elected to join Japan’s House of Peers, or Kizoku-in, the new aristocratic social class during the Meiji Era.

2　外光派　
3　時系列的に考え、おそらく1896年の間違いと思われる。
4　はぶか?なにそれと思ったが、White Horse Societyと後にあるので、これもHakuba kai の間違い。
5　帝国芸術院
6　子爵(称号)

Kuroda made a lasting impression on the art world in Japan and beyond, inspiring the next generation of Western-style, 7Impressionist and Pleinairist artists to continue his legacy. His works can be found in countless museums and galleries such as the Artizon Museum in Tokyo and the Kuroda Memorial Hall within the Tokyo National Museum. Two of his works, Maiko (1893) and Lakeside (1897), have also been selected as commemorative postage stamps by the Japanese government.

Happy 156th birthday, Seiki Kuroda!

7　印象派


今日は日本画家・黒田清輝の生誕156周年でした。

https://www.google.com/doodles/celebrating-kiyoshi-kuromiya より説明文

Today’s Doodle celebrates the inspiring life of Kiyoshi Kuromiya and the legacy of activism he left behind. He was involved in movements such as civil rights, anti-war, gay liberation, HIV/AIDS education and more. On this day in 2019, Kuromiya was inducted to the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor at the Stonewall National Monument.
全米LGBTQ名誉の壁

Following the outbreak of World War II and due to Executive Order 9066, Kuromiya’s parents were among the over 120,000 Japanese-Americans forcibly relocated to government prison camps (aka Japanese internment camps). Kuromiya was born in an internment camp in northern Wyoming on May 9, 1943. After the war ended, Kuromiya’s family moved to California, where as a gay Asian-American man attending a primarily1 Caucsian schools, he experienced what it felt like to be perceived as different. He later shared that he did not know any of the terminology around gay culture due to a lack of literature. As a result, Kuromiya 2utilized his public library to learn more about his identity.

1 コーカサイド
2利用する

He later attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he was inspired by the Civil Rights Movement and found his 3footing as a social activist. He was one of the few Asian Americans who participated in the 4Selma to 5ontgomery marches in 1965. He also cultivated a close relationship with the Black Panther Party and 5championed intersectional solidarity between oppressed communities. Kuromiya participated with the Gay Pioneers in the first organized gay and lesbian civil rights demonstrations which were held at Independence Hall and the Liberty Bell each Fourth of July from 1965 to 1969. During this time the Vietnam War was raging on and he brought awareness to the UPenn campus around the inhumane use of napalm and designed an influential poster protesting the draft.

3足がかり
4セルマ大行進(アフリカ系住民による選挙権を求める運動)
5(権利などを)擁護する　守る

When the AIDS epidemic began devastating the gay community, Kuromiya turned his activism efforts towards awareness for the virus. He became a 6self-educated expert after being diagnosed with AIDS, and involved himself in groups such as ACT UP Philadelphia and People with AIDS (PWA). In 1989, he founded the Critical Path Project, the first organization to provide a 24-hour hotline for the gay community.

In addition to being inducted to the National LGBTQ Wall of Honor at Stonewall, he was named a San Francisco Rainbow Honor Walk Honoree in 2018. As a proud gay man and AIDS survivor, Kuromiya served as a vocal leader for marginalized groups and zealously fought for social justice.

6　独学の


6月4日のDoodleになってた人物。
キヨシ・クロミヤ(1943-2000)です。

社会活動家でした。

今日のGoogle Doodle。
荻野吟子の生誕171周年のものでした。
この人物についてです。

Googleの説明文

Today’s Doodle celebrates the 171st Birthday of Dr. Ogino Ginko, the first woman to become licensed to practice 1Western medicine in Japan. As the first female to attend Kojuin, a private medical school for men, she opened the door for women to attend 2prestigious medical schools in Japan.

1　西洋医学
2　名声のある

Her decision to go into the medical field was spurred by the prejudice she experienced as a female patient. She never gave up despite the 3hurdles she faced. After graduating from medical school in 1882, the government initially refused to let her take the medical licensing exam. Dr. Ginko 4petitioned multiple times over the course of two years before women were finally allowed to take the test. After getting licensed, she opened an 5OB/GYN clinic in Tokyo that specialized in providing safe, non-judgmental care for women.

Outside of medicine,she also advocated for women in Japan to gain the right to vote. Today’s Doodle artwork celebrates Dr. Ginko’s legacy and her commitment to gender equality in Japan.

3　障壁
4　嘆願する
5　=obstetrician and gynecologist　産婦人科





荻野吟子(1851-1913)

・荻野吟子は日本初の国家資格を持っ女性医師となります。
医術開業試験に女性として初めて合格。というか説明文にあるように、当時は女性が受験すること自体認められなかったのですが、嘆願の末1884年に認められ、女性は荻野を含む3人が受けましたが、荻野のみ合格しました。
国家資格を持つとあるのは、医術開業試験ができる以前、資格がない頃に医者として活動していた人つはいたからです。